Editing Japanese Red Army (section)

== Activities ==
{{prose|section|date=August 2020}}
During the 1970s and 1980s, JRA carried out a series of attacks in Japan and around the world, including:

* May 30, 1972: the [[Lod Airport massacre]]; a gun and [[grenade]] attack at Israel's Lod Airport in [[Tel Aviv]], now [[Ben Gurion International Airport]], killed 26 people; about 80 others were wounded.<ref>"In what became known as the Lod Airport Massacre three members of the terrorist group, Japanese Red Army, arrived at the airport aboard Air France Flight 132 from Rome. Once inside the airport they grabbed automatic firearms from their carry-on cases and fired at airport staff and visitors. In the end, 26 people died and 80 people were injured." ''[[CBC News]]'', ''[[The Fifth Estate (TV)|The Fifth Estate]]'', "Fasten Your Seatbelts: Ben Gurion Airport in Israel", 2007. Retrieved June 2, 2008.</ref> One of the three attackers then committed suicide with a grenade, another was shot in the crossfire. The only surviving attacker was [[Kōzō Okamoto]]. Many of the victims were [[Christian pilgrimage|Christian pilgrims]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Axell |first1=Albert |title=Japan's Suicide Gods |date=2002 |publisher=Pearson Education |location=London |page=x |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hfNmAAAAMAAJ|isbn=9780582772328 }}</ref>
* July 1973: Red Army members led the hijacking of [[Japan Air Lines Flight 404]] over the Netherlands. The passengers and crew were released in Libya, where the hijackers blew up the aircraft.
* January 1974: the [[Laju incident]]; the JRA attacked a [[Royal Dutch Shell|Shell]] facility in Singapore and took five [[hostage]]s; simultaneously, the PFLP [[1974 attack on the Japanese Embassy in Kuwait|seized the Japanese embassy]] in Kuwait. The hostages were exchanged for a [[ransom]] and safe passage to [[South Yemen]].
* September 13, 1974: [[1974 French Embassy attack in The Hague|the French Embassy in The Hague, Netherlands was stormed]]. The ambassador and ten other people were taken hostage and a Dutch policewoman, Joke Remmerswaal, was shot in the back, puncturing a lung. After lengthy negotiations, the hostages were freed in exchange for the release of a jailed Red Army member (Yatsuka Furuya), $300,000 and the use of an aircraft. The hostage-takers flew first to [[Aden]], [[South Yemen]], where they were not accepted and then to Syria. Syria did not consider hostage-taking for money revolutionary, and forced them to give up their ransom.<ref>Blood and Rage, The Story of the Japanese Red Army. {{Page needed|date=September 2011}}</ref>
* August 1975: the Red Army [[1975 AIA building hostage crisis|took more than 50 hostages at the AIA building]] housing several embassies in [[Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia]]. The hostages included the US consul and the Swedish chargé d'affaires. The gunmen won the release of five imprisoned comrades and flew with them to Libya.
* September 1977: The Red Army hijacked [[Japan Airlines Flight 472 (1977)|Japan Airlines Flight 472]] over India and forced it to land in [[Dhaka, Bangladesh]]. The Japanese Government freed six imprisoned members of the group and allegedly paid a $6M ransom.
* December 1977: a suspected lone member of the Red Army hijacked [[Malaysian Airline System Flight 653]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.cnn.com/WORLD/9611/25/comoros.crash/index.html|title=CNN – Ethiopia mourns crash victims – Nov. 25, 1996|website=[[CNN]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041223015303/http://www.cnn.com/WORLD/9611/25/comoros.crash/index.html|archive-date=December 23, 2004|access-date=January 21, 2017}}</ref> The flight was carrying the Cuban ambassador to Tokyo, Mario Garcia. The Boeing 737 crashed killing all 100 passengers and crew on board.
* May 1986: the Red Army fired [[Mortar (weapon)|mortar]] rounds at the embassies of Japan, Canada and the [[Embassy of the United States, Jakarta|United States]] in [[Jakarta, Indonesia]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/1013172.stm|title=Red Army's reign of terror|date=November 8, 2000|access-date=October 26, 2017|via=news.bbc.co.uk}}</ref>
* November 1986:  The [[New Peoples Army]], a branch of the [[Communist Party of the Philippines]], kidnapped Nobuyuki Wakaouji, the branch manager of [[Mitsui & Co.]] in [[Manila]], [[Philippine]]s with a ransom of $10 million (1.2 billion yen) paid,<ref name="JTR">{{cite web | url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2003/01/28/national/10-million-paid-to-free-mitsui-exec-communists/ | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211203013726/https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2003/01/28/national/10-million-paid-to-free-mitsui-exec-communists/ | archive-date=December 3, 2021 | title=$10 million paid to free Mitsui exec: Communists | date=January 28, 2003 }}</ref> although there were initial demands for a ransom of $8 million.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.upi.com/Archives/1987/03/31/A-Japanese-executive-kidnapped-more-than-four-months-ago/5500544165200/ | title=A Japanese executive kidnapped more than four months ago... – UPI Archives }}</ref> According to CPP spokesman Gregorio Rosal, the kidnapping was condemned by the party. There is still speculation that the JRA helped in the abduction.<ref name="JTR"/>
* June 1987: a similar attack was launched on the British and United States embassies in [[Rome, Italy]].<ref name="BBC"/>
* April 1988: Red Army members [[1988 Naples bombing|detonated a car bomb outside of a USO recreational facility in Naples]], which killed 4 Italian civilians and 1 U.S. servicewoman, and injured 15 others.<ref>{{Cite news|last1=Suro|first1=Roberto|last2=Times|first2=Special To the New York|date=15 April 1988|title=5 Die in Blast Outside U.S.O. in Naples|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1988/04/15/world/5-die-in-blast-outside-uso-in-naples.html|access-date=30 December 2021|issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref name="BBC"/>
* In the same month, JRA operative [[Yū Kikumura]] was arrested with explosives on the [[New Jersey Turnpike]] highway, apparently to coincide with the USO bombing.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://fas.org/irp/world/para/jra.htm|title = Japanese Red Army (JRA) Anti-Imperialist International Brigade (AIIB)}}</ref> He was convicted of these charges and served time in a United States prison until his release in April 2007.<ref name="YK">{{Cite web|url=https://www.refworld.org/docid/48196ca21e.html|title = Refworld &#124; Country Reports on Terrorism 2007 – Japan}}</ref> Upon his return to Japan he was immediately arrested on suspicion of using fraudulent travel documents.