Editing Jaipur (section)

== History ==
{{Main|History of Jaipur}}
[[File:1 Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh II ca 1725 Jaipur. British museum.jpg|thumb|left|[[Sawai Jai Singh]], the founder of Jaipur]]

Jaipur was founded by Rajput chief of [[Kachhwaha]] clan Jai Singh II on 18 November 1727, who ruled the region from 1699 to 1743. He planned to shift his capital from Amber, {{convert|11|km|mi|0}} to Jaipur to accommodate the growing population and increasing scarcity of water.<ref name="Hist">{{Cite book |last=Sen |first=Sailendra Nath |title=Textbook of Indian History and Culture |publisher=Macmillan |year=2007 |isbn=978-1-4039-3200-6 |location=New Delhi |pages=167 }}</ref> Jai Singh consulted with several architects while planning the layout of Jaipur and established the city on the principles of [[Vastu Shastra]] and [[Shilpa Shastra]] under the architectural guidance of [[Vidyadhar Bhattacharya]].<ref name="History"/> The construction of the city began in 1726. During the rule of [[Ram Singh II|Sawai Ram Singh II]], the city was painted pink to welcome [[Albert Edward, Prince of Wales]] in 1876.<ref name="POW">{{cite web |url=http://www.lonelyplanet.com/india/rajasthan/jaipur/history |title=History of Jaipur |publisher=Lonely Planet |access-date=26 April 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160601043503/http://www.lonelyplanet.com/india/rajasthan/jaipur/history |archive-date=1 June 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref> Many of the avenues still remain painted in pink, giving Jaipur a distinctive appearance and the epithet ''Pink city''.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/britain_wwone/edward_vii_02.shtml |title=History in depth: Edward VII: The First Constitutional Monarch |publisher=BBC |date=5 November 2009 |access-date=26 July 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070626201400/http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/britain_wwone/edward_vii_02.shtml |archive-date=26 June 2007 |url-status=live }}</ref>

In the 19th century, the city grew rapidly and had a population of 160,000 in 1900. The wide boulevards were paved and its chief industries were the working of metals and [[marble]], fostered by a school of art founded in 1868.<ref name="EB1911">{{cite EB1911|wstitle=Jaipur|volume=15|pages=128–129 }}</ref> In August 1981, large areas of the city including the [[Jaipur International Airport|airport]] were flooded due to heavy rains from a cloud burst, resulting in the death of eight people and much damage to the city's [[Dravyavati River]].<ref name="jda-May2016">{{cite web |title=Rejuvenation of Amanishah Nallah including Area Development |url=http://environmentclearance.nic.in/writereaddata/FormB/EC/EIA_EMP/05052016GHYEVHEZAnnexure-documentofEIAEMP.pdf |publisher=[[Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change]] |page=25 |date=5 May 2016 |access-date=31 January 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180201020222/http://environmentclearance.nic.in/writereaddata/FormB/EC/EIA_EMP/05052016GHYEVHEZAnnexure-documentofEIAEMP.pdf |archive-date=1 February 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Jain |first1=Sharad K. |last2=Agarwal |first2=Pushpendra K. |last3=Singh |first3=Vijay P. |title=Hydrology and Water Resources of India |date=2007 |publisher=Springer Science & Business Media |isbn=978-1-4020-5180-7 |page=883 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZKs1gBhJSWIC |language=en |access-date=31 January 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180201075232/https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=ZKs1gBhJSWIC |archive-date=1 February 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref> On 6 July 2019, the city was named to the [[Organization of World Heritage Cities|World Heritage Cities]] list.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/puducherry/puducherry-takes-a-leaf-out-of-ahmedabad-in-bid-to-get-unesco-tag/article66511380.ece |title=Puducherry learns from Ahmedabad, in bid to get UNESCO World Heritage City tag |date=15 February 2013 |access-date=1 December 2023 |newspaper=[[The Hindu]] |archive-date=26 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231226122610/https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/puducherry/puducherry-takes-a-leaf-out-of-ahmedabad-in-bid-to-get-unesco-tag/article66511380.ece |url-status=live }}</ref>