Editing Jacobus de Voragine (section)

==Works==
[[File:Iacopo - Legenda aurea, nel MCCCCLXXXXIX adi V di decembre - 911150 2r.jpg|thumb|''Legenda aurea (1499)'']]
[[File:Archive-ugent-be-EC7485D0-16F8-11E2-A8D9-5A520D0ED9C1 DS-615 (cropped).jpg|left|thumb|285x285px|Excerpt from the manuscript "Heiliglevens in het Middelnederlands". A fifteenth century copy from the second part of the [[Golden Legend|Legenda Aurea.]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Heiligenlevens in het Middelnederlands[manuscript]|url=https://lib.ugent.be/viewer/archive.ugent.be:EC7485D0-16F8-11E2-A8D9-5A520D0ED9C1#?c=&m=&s=&cv=11&xywh=-889,-1,8166,4560|access-date=2020-08-26|website=lib.ugent.be}}</ref>]]
Jacobus de Voragine left a list of his own works. Speaking of himself in his ''Chronicon januense'', he says: "While he was in his order, and after he had been made archbishop, he wrote many works. For he compiled the legends of the saints ([[Golden Legend|''Legenda sanctorum'']]) in one volume, adding many things from the ''Historia tripartita et scholastica,'' and from the chronicles of many writers."<ref name="EB1911"/>

The other writings he claims are two anonymous volumes of ''Sermons concerning all the Saints'' whose yearly feasts the church celebrates. Of these volumes, he adds, one is very diffuse, but the other short and concise. Then follow ''Sermones de omnibus evangeliis dominicalibus'' for every Sunday in the year; ''Sermones de omnibus evangeliis,'' i.e., a book of discourses on all the [[Gospel]]s, from [[Ash Wednesday]] to the Tuesday after [[Easter]]; and a treatise called ''Marialis, qui totus est de B. Maria compositus,'' consisting of about 160 discourses on the attributes, titles, etc., of the [[Virgin Mary]]. In the same work the archbishop claims to have written his ''Chronicon januense'' in the second year of his episcopate (1293), but it extends to 1296 or 1297.<ref name="EB1911"/>

[[File:Sermones de sanctis.jpg|thumb|right|Title page of the 1497 edition of the ''Sermones de sanctis'' showing the author as a preacher, [[National Library of Poland]].]]

To Jacobus' own list his biographer Giovanni Monleone<ref>Monleone, ''Iacopo de Varagine e la sua Cronaca di Genova dalle origini al MCCXCVII'' (Istituto storico italiano per il Medio Evo) 1941.</ref> adds several other works, such as a defence of the Dominicans, printed at Venice in 1504, and a ''Summa virtutum et vitiorum [[William Perault|Guillelmi Peraldi]],'' a Dominican who died in 1271. Jacobus is also said by [[Sixtus of Siena]] (''Biblioth. Sacra,'' lib. ix) to have translated the [[Old Testament|Old]] and [[New Testament]]s into his own tongue. "But," adds the historian of the Dominican order [[Jacques Échard]], "if he did so, the version lies so closely hid that there is no recollection of it," and it may be added that it is highly improbable that the man who compiled the ''Golden Legend'' ever conceived the necessity of having the Scriptures in the vernacular.<ref name="EB1911"/>

===The ''Golden Legend''===
{{Main|Golden Legend}}
The ''Golden Legend'', one of the most popular religious works of the [[Middle Ages]],<ref>[[Émile Mâle]], ''L'art religieuse du XIIIe siècle en France'' (1898) devotes a full chapter to ''Legenda Aurea'', which he avowed was his principal guide for the [[iconography]] of saints.</ref> is a collection of the legendary lives of the greater [[saint]]s of the medieval [[Roman Catholic Church|church]]. The preface divides the ecclesiastical year into four periods corresponding to the various [[historical period|epoch]]s of the [[world]]'s [[history]], a time of deviation, of renovation, of reconciliation and of pilgrimage. The book itself, however, falls into five sections: (a) from [[Advent]] to [[Christmas]] (cc. 1–5); (b) from Christmas to [[Septuagesima]] (6–30); (c) from Septuagesima to [[Easter]] (31–53); (d) from Easter Day to the [[octave (liturgical)|octave]] of [[Pentecost]] (54–76); (e) from the octave of Pentecost to Advent (77–180). The saints' lives are full of fanciful [[legend]], and in not a few cases contain accounts of 13th century [[miracle]]s wrought at special places, particularly with reference to the Dominicans. The penultimate chapter (181), "De Sancto Pelagio Papa", contains a universal history from the point of view of [[Lombardy]], or ''Historia Lombardica'' (History of Lombardy"), from the middle of the 6th century.<ref name=Ott/> The last (182) is a somewhat allegorical disquisition on the dedication of churches, "De dedicatione ecclesiae".<ref name="EB1911"/>

The ''Golden Legend'' was translated into [[Catalan language|Catalan]] in the 13th century and a first dated version was published in [[Barcelona]] in 1494. A [[French language|French]] version was made by [[Jean Belet de Vigny]] in the 14th century. A [[Latin language|Latin]] edition is assigned to about 1469; and a dated one was published at [[Lyon]] in 1473. Many other Latin editions were printed before the end of the century. A French translation by Master John Bataillier is dated 1476; Jean de Vigny's appeared at [[Paris]], 1488; an Italian one by Nic. Manerbi (?Venice, 1475); a [[Czech language|Czech]] one at [[Plzeň]], 1475–1479, and at [[Prague]], 1495; [[William Caxton|Caxton]]'s [[English language|English]] versions, 1483, 1487, and 1493; and a [[German language|German]] one in 1489.<ref name="EB1911"/> Overall, during the first five decades of printing in Europe, editions of the ''Legenda Aurea'' appeared at a rate of about two per year.

===''Sermones'' and ''Mariale''===
Almost as popular as the ''Legenda Aurea'' were Jacobus' collected sermons, also termed ''Aurei''. Several 15th-century editions of the ''Sermons'' are also known; while his ''Mariale'' was printed at Venice in 1497 and at Paris in 1503.<ref name="EB1911"/>

===''Chronicon januense''===
Jacobus' other chief work is his ''Chronicon januense'', a history of Genoa.<ref>{{cite book |last=Dotson |first=John |chapter=The Genoese Civic Annals: Caffaro and his continuations |editor1-last=Dale |editor1-first=Sharon |editor2-last=Lewin |editor2-first=Alison Williams |editor3-last=Osheim |editor3-first=Duane J. |title=Chronicling History: chroniclers and historians in medieval and Renaissance Italy |publisher=Pennsylvania State University Press |location=University Park, Pa. |year=2007 |isbn=9780271032252 |pages=55–86 (70) }}</ref> It is divided into twelve parts. The first four deal with the mythical history of the city from the time of its founder, [[Janus (mythology)|Janus]], called the first king of Italy, and its enlarger, a second Janus, "citizen of [[Troy]]", till its conversion to [[Christianity]] "about twenty-five years after the passion of [[Christ]]". The fifth part professes to treat of the beginning, growth and perfection of the city; but of the first period the writer candidly confesses he knows nothing except by hearsay. The second period includes the Genoese crusading exploits in the East, and extends to their victory over the [[Pisa]]ns (c. 1130), while the third reaches down to the author's days as [[archbishop]]. The sixth part deals with the [[constitution]] of the city, the seventh and eighth with the [[Duty|duties]] of [[Monarch|ruler]]s and [[citizen]]s, the ninth with those of domestic life. The tenth gives the ecclesiastical history of Genoa from the time of its first known [[bishop]], [[Saint Valentine]], "whom we believe to have lived about 530 [[Anno Domini|A.D.]]", until 1133, when the city was raised to archiepiscopal rank. The eleventh contains the lives of all the bishops in order, and includes the chief events during their episcopates; the twelfth deals in the same way with the archbishops, not forgetting the writer himself.<ref name="EB1911"/>