Editing Islamic Supreme Council of Iraq (section)

===Iran===
Supreme Council of the Islamic Revolution of Iraq was founded in Iran in 1982 during the [[Iran–Iraq War]] after the leading Islamist insurgent group, [[Islamic Dawa Party]], was severely weakened by an Iraqi government crackdown following Dawa's unsuccessful attempt to assassinate Iraqi president [[Saddam Hussein]].  SCIRI was the umbrella body for two Iran-based Shia Islamist groups, Dawa and the [[Islamic Action Organisation]] led by [[Mohammad Taqi al-Modarresi]]. Another of SCIRI's founders was Ayatollah [[Hadi al-Modarresi]], the leader the [[Islamic Front for the Liberation of Bahrain]]. The Iranian Islamic revolutionary government arranged for the formation of SCIRI, which was based in exile in Tehran and under the leadership of Mohammad-Baqir al-Hakim. Hakim, living in exile in Iran, was the son of Ayatollah Mohsen-Hakim and a member of one of the leading Shia clerical families in Iraq. "He declared the primary aim of the council to be the overthrow of the Ba'ath and the establishment of an Islamic government in Iraq. Iranian officials referred to Hakim as the leader of Iraq's future Islamic state ..."<ref>Bakhash, Shaul, ''The Reign of the Ayatollahs'' Basic Books, c1984, p.233</ref>

However, there are crucial ideological differences between SCIRI and al-Dawa.  SCIRI supports the ideologies of Iran's Ayatollah [[Ruhollah Khomeini]] that [[Hokumat-e Islami : Velayat-e faqih (book by Khomeini)|Islamic Government]] must be controlled by the [[ulema]] (Islamic scholars). Al-Dawa, on the other hand, follows the position of Iraq's late Ayatollah [[Mohammad Baqir al-Sadr]], and al-Dawa co-founder, that government should be controlled by the [[ummah]] (Muslim community as a whole).

Despite this ideological disagreement, several of SCIRI's factions came from al-Dawa before the [[2003 invasion of Iraq]].<ref>[http://www.tnr.com/doc.mhtml?i=20021007&s=lake100702 The Post-Saddam Danger from Iran] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030707233216/http://www.tnr.com/doc.mhtml?i=20021007&s=lake100702 |date=2003-07-07 }}, ''The New Republic'', October 7, 2002</ref>  This historical intersection is significant because al-Dawa was widely viewed as a terrorist group during the Iran–Iraq War.<ref>[https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/target/etc/cron.html "Terrorist attacks on Americans, 1979-1988: The attacks, the groups and the U.S. response,"] ''Frontline''. Retrieved 7 February 2015.</ref>  In February 2007, journalists reported that Jamal Jaafar Muhammed, who was elected to the Iraqi parliament in 2005 as part of the SCIRI/Badr faction of the United Iraqi Alliance, was also sentenced to death in Kuwait for planning the al-Dawa bombings of the French and American embassies in that country in 1983.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nola.com/newsflash/international/index.ssf?/base/international-36/1170775511148050.xml&storylist=international|title=NOLA.com: The Wire|access-date=9 June 2015|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080223121802/http://www.nola.com/newsflash/international/index.ssf?%2Fbase%2Finternational-36%2F1170775511148050.xml&storylist=international|archive-date=23 February 2008}}</ref>