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Isabella of Angoulême
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==Second marriage== When King John died in October 1216, Isabella's first act was to arrange the speedy coronation of her nine-year-old son at the city of [[Gloucester]] on 28 October. As the royal crown had recently been lost in [[the Wash]], along with the rest of King John's treasure, she supplied her own golden circlet to be used in lieu of a crown.{{sfn|Costain|1959|p=11}} The following July, less than a year after his crowning as King Henry III of England, she left him in the care of his [[regent]], [[William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke]], and returned to France to assume control of her inheritance of [[Angoulême]]. In the spring of 1220, Isabella married [[Hugh X of Lusignan]], "le Brun", Seigneur de Luisignan, Count of La Marche, the son of her former fiancé, Hugh IX, to whom she had been betrothed before her marriage to King John. It had been previously arranged that her eldest daughter Joan should marry Hugh, and the little girl was being brought up at the Lusignan court in preparation for her marriage. Hugh, however, upon seeing Isabella, whose beauty had not diminished,{{sfn|Costain|1962|p=341}} preferred the girl's mother. Joan was provided with another husband, King [[Alexander II of Scotland]], whom she wed in 1221. Isabella married Hugh without the consent of the king's council in England, as was required of a [[queen dowager]]. That council had the power not only to assign to her any subsequent husband, but to decide whether she should be allowed (or forced) to remarry at all. That Isabella flouted its authority moved the council to confiscate her [[dower]] lands and to stop the payment of her pension.{{sfn|Costain|1959|pp=38–39}} Isabella and her husband retaliated by threatening to keep Joan, who had been promised in marriage to the King of Scotland, in France. The council first responded by sending furious letters to the Pope, signed in the name of young King Henry, urging him to [[excommunicate]] Isabella and her husband, but then decided to come to terms with Isabella, to avoid conflict with the Scottish king, who was eager to receive his bride. Isabella was granted the [[stannaries]] in [[Devon]], and the revenue of Aylesbury for a period of four years, in compensation for her confiscated dower lands in [[Normandy]], as well as the £3,000 arrears for her pension.{{sfn|Costain|1959|pp=38–39}} Isabella had nine more children by Hugh X. Their eldest son [[Hugh XI of Lusignan]] succeeded his father as [[Count of La Marche]] and [[Count of Angoulême]] in 1249. Isabella's children from her royal marriage did not join her in Angoulême, remaining in England with their eldest brother Henry III.
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