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Irène Joliot-Curie
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===Early life and education=== Irène was born in Paris, France, on 12 September 1897 and was the first of [[Marie Curie|Marie]] and [[Pierre Curie|Pierre]]'s two daughters. Her sister was [[Ève Curie|Ève]], born in 1904.<ref name=":12" /> They lost their father early on in 1906 due to a horse-drawn wagon incident and Marie was left to raise them.<ref name=":12">{{Cite book|title=Marie Curie and her daughters : the private lives of science's first family|last=Shelley.|first=Emling|isbn=9780230115712|edition= First|location=New York |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |pages=21 |oclc=760974704 |date = 21 August 2012}}</ref> Education was important to Marie and Irène's education began at a school near the Paris Observatory.<ref name=":2" /> This school was chosen because it had a more challenging curriculum than the school nearby the Curie's home.<ref name=":2" /> In 1906, it was obvious Irène was talented in mathematics and her mother chose to focus on that instead of public school.<ref name=":2" /> Marie joined forces with a number of eminent French scholars, including the prominent French physicist [[Paul Langevin]], to form "[[The Cooperative]]", which included a private gathering of nine students that were children of the most distinguished academics in France. Each contributed to educating these children in their respective homes.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=http://www.woodrow.org/teachers/ci/1992/IreneJoliot-Curie.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070714121032/http://www.woodrow.org/teachers/ci/1992/IreneJoliot-Curie.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=14 July 2007|title=Irene Joliot-Curie|last=Hussey|first=George}}</ref> The curriculum of The Cooperative was varied and included not only the principles of science and scientific research but such diverse subjects as Chinese and sculpture and with great emphasis placed on self-expression and play.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.woodrow.org/teachers/ci/1992/IreneJoliot-Curie.html |title=Irene Joliet-Curie |access-date=19 October 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070714121032/http://www.woodrow.org/teachers/ci/1992/IreneJoliot-Curie.html |archive-date=14 July 2007 }} Woodrow Wilson National Fellowship Foundation</ref> Irène studied in this environment for about two years.<ref name=":1" /> Irène and her sister [[Ève Curie|Ève]] were sent to Poland to spend the summer with their Aunt Bronia (Marie's sister) when Irène was thirteen.<ref name=":12" /> Irène's education was so rigorous that she still had a German and trigonometry lesson every day of that break.<ref name=":12" /> Irène re-entered a more orthodox learning environment by going back to high school at the [[Collège Sévigné]] in central Paris until 1914. She then went onto the Faculty of Science at the [[University of Paris|Sorbonne]] to complete her [[Bachelor's degree|baccalaureate]], until 1916 when her studies were interrupted by [[World War I]].<ref name=":1" />
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