Editing Intel (section)

===Origins===
[[File:Andy Grove Robert Noyce Gordon Moore 1978 edit.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Andrew Grove|Andy Grove]], [[Robert Noyce]] and [[Gordon Moore]] in 1978]]

Intel was incorporated in [[Mountain View, California]], on July 18, 1968, by [[Gordon E. Moore]] (known for "[[Moore's law]]"), a [[chemist]]; [[Robert Noyce]], a physicist and co-inventor of the [[integrated circuit]]; and [[Arthur Rock]], an investor and [[venture capital]]ist.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Arthur Rock {{!}} Encyclopedia.com |url=https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/arthur-rock |access-date=June 2, 2023 |website=www.encyclopedia.com |archive-date=June 2, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230602213947/https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/arthur-rock |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://timeline.intel.com/1968/a-rock-solid-startup |title=A Rock-Solid Startup |website=Intel |access-date=July 6, 2023 |quote=Rock was already a founding investor in Intel, along with Robert Noyce and Gordon Moore |archive-date=July 7, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230707162709/https://timeline.intel.com/1968/a-rock-solid-startup |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Arthur Rock: Silicon Valley's Unmoved Mover {{!}} The Generalist |url=https://www.generalist.com/briefing/arthur-rock |access-date=June 2, 2023 |website=www.generalist.com |language=en |archive-date=June 2, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230602213254/https://www.generalist.com/briefing/arthur-rock |url-status=live }}</ref> Moore and Noyce had left [[Fairchild Semiconductor]], where they were part of the "[[traitorous eight]]" who founded it. There were originally 500,000 shares outstanding of which Noyce bought 245,000 shares, Moore 245,000 shares, and Rock 10,000 shares; all at $1 per share. Rock offered $2,500,000 of convertible debentures to a limited group of private investors (equivalent to $21 million in 2022), convertible at $5 per share.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Arthur Rock {{!}} Encyclopedia.com |url=https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/arthur-rock |access-date=June 3, 2023 |website=www.encyclopedia.com |archive-date=June 2, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230602213947/https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/arthur-rock |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Stanford Law School |first=Stanford Law School |date=2020 |title=TNTEL CORP $2, 500,000 CONVERTIBLE DEBEN'l'URES |url=https://law.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/Intel-Convertible-Note-220920.pdf |access-date=June 3, 2023 |archive-date=June 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230603094214/https://law.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/Intel-Convertible-Note-220920.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> Just 2 years later, Intel became a [[public company]] via an [[initial public offering]] (IPO), raising $6.8 million ($23.50 per share). Intel was the very first company to be listed on the then-newly established [[National Association of Securities Dealers]] Automated Quotation System ([[NASDAQ]]).<ref name="Intel_Museum">{{cite web |title=Intel Online Museum: Corporate Timeline (Archived version) |url=http://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/history/historic-timeline.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130103012023/http://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/history/historic-timeline.html |archive-date=January 3, 2013 |access-date=July 23, 2011 |work=Intel Museum |publisher=Intel}}</ref> Intel's third employee was [[Andrew Grove|Andy Grove]],{{NoteTag|The [[Andrew Grove]] article explains how a clerical error exchanged the employee ID numbers of Grove and the fourth employee, [[Leslie L. Vadász]], whom Grove had hired.}} a [[chemical engineer]], who later ran the company through much of the 1980s and the high-growth 1990s.

In deciding on a name, Moore and Noyce quickly rejected "Moore Noyce",<ref>{{cite web |url = http://download.intel.com/pressroom/kits/events/idffall_2007/TranscriptMoore-Gelsinger.pdf |title = IDF Transcript: Interview with Gordon Moore |publisher = Intel Corporation |date = August 18, 2007 |access-date = July 29, 2009 |archive-date = December 12, 2020 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20201212202235/https://download.intel.com/pressroom/kits/events/idffall_2007/TranscriptMoore-Gelsinger.pdf |url-status = live }}</ref> near [[wikt:homophone|homophone]] for "more noise"&nbsp;– an ill-suited name for an [[electronics]] company, since [[electronic noise|noise in electronics]] is usually undesirable and typically associated with bad [[electromagnetic interference|interference]]. Instead, they founded the company as '''NM Electronics''' on July 18, 1968, but by the end of the month had changed the name to '''Intel''', which stood for '''Int'''egrated '''El'''ectronics.{{NoteTag|The first name was actually picked up as temporary.<ref>{{cite web |title = Intel Timeline: A History of Innovation |url = http://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/history/historic-timeline.html |publisher = Intel Corp. |access-date = August 18, 2013 |archive-date = October 7, 2020 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20201007190143/https://web.archive.org/web/20130103012023/http://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/history/historic-timeline.html |url-status = live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title = Intel Celebrates 30 Years of Innovation |url = http://www.intel.com/pressroom/archive/releases/1998/CN071898.HTM |publisher = Intel Corp. |date = July 18, 1998 |access-date = May 30, 2017 |archive-date = September 9, 2017 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170909052710/https://www.intel.com/pressroom/archive/releases/1998/CN071898.HTM |url-status = live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title = Defining Intel: 25 years / 25 events |url = http://www.intel.com/Assets/PDF/General/25yrs.pdf |publisher = Intel Corp. |page = 4 |access-date = May 30, 2017 |archive-date = February 25, 2017 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170225001619/http://www.intel.com/Assets/PDF/General/25yrs.pdf |url-status = live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title = Two Found New Firm |newspaper = San Jose Mercury News |date = August 6, 1968 |quote = Founders of Intel Corp. are Drs. Robert W. Noyce and Gordon Moore. }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url = https://newsroom.intel.com/news/intel-50-gordon-moore-founding-intel/ |title = Intel at 50: Gordon Moore on the Founding of Intel |website = Intel Newsroom |language = en-US |df = mdy-all |access-date = May 30, 2019 |archive-date = July 7, 2018 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180707094714/https://newsroom.intel.com/news/intel-50-gordon-moore-founding-intel/ |url-status = live }}</ref>}} Since "Intel" was already trademarked by the hotel chain Intelco, they had to buy the rights for the name.<ref name="Intel_Museum" /><ref>{{cite web |last=Valich |first=Theo |date=September 19, 2007 |title=Secret of Intel name revealed |url=http://www.theinquirer.net/default.aspx?article=42469 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120629001528/http://www.theinquirer.net/default.aspx?article=42469 |url-status=dead |archive-date=June 29, 2012 |work=[[The Inquirer]] |access-date=September 19, 2007 }}</ref>