Editing Iberian Peninsula (section)

===Greek name===
The word ''Iberia'' comes from the [[Latin]] word {{lang|la|Hiberia}} originating from the [[Ancient Greek]] word {{lang|grc|Ἰβηρία}} ({{transliteration|grc|Ibēríā}}), used by Greek geographers under the rule of the [[Roman Empire]] to refer to what is known today in English as the Iberian Peninsula.<ref name="LyonsPapadopoulos2002">{{cite book|author1=Claire L. Lyons|author2=John K. Papadopoulos|title=The Archaeology of Colonialism|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xB7EZ9L7y-gC&pg=PA68|year=2002|publisher=Getty Publications|isbn=978-0-89236-635-4|pages=68–69}}</ref> At that time, the name did not describe a single geographical entity or a distinct population; the same name was used for the [[Kingdom of Iberia]], natively known as [[Kartli]] in the [[Caucasus]], the core region of what would later become the [[Kingdom of Georgia]].<ref>{{cite book|author=Strabo|author-link=Strabo|title=Geographica|chapter=Book III Chapter 1 Section 6|quote=And also the other Iberians use an alphabet, though not letters of one and the same character, for their speech is not one and the same.|title-link=Geographica}}</ref> 

It was [[Strabo]] who first reported the delineation of {{transliteration|grc|Iberia}} from [[Gaul]] ({{transliteration|grc|Keltikē}}) by the [[Pyrenees]]<ref name="Ebel1976">{{cite book|author=Charles Ebel|title=Transalpine Gaul: The Emergence of a Roman Province|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lbwUAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA49|year=1976|publisher=Brill Archive|isbn=90-04-04384-5|pages=48–49}}</ref> and included the entire land mass southwest (he says "west") from there.<ref name="Padrón2004">{{cite book|author=Ricardo Padrón|title=The Spacious Word: Cartography, Literature, and Empire in Early Modern Spain|url=https://archive.org/details/spaciouswordcart0000padr|url-access=registration|date=1 February 2004|publisher=University of Chicago Press|isbn=978-0-226-64433-2|page=[https://archive.org/details/spaciouswordcart0000padr/page/252 252]}}</ref> With the fall of the [[Western Roman Empire]] and the consolidation of [[Romance languages]], the word "Iberia" continued the Roman word {{lang|la|Hiberia}} and the Greek word {{lang|grc|Ἰβηρία}}.

The ancient Greeks reached the Iberian Peninsula, of which they had heard from the [[Phoenicians]], by voyaging westward on the [[Mediterranean]].<ref name="WaldmanMason2006">{{cite book|author1=Carl Waldman|author2=Catherine Mason|title=Encyclopedia of European Peoples|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kfv6HKXErqAC&pg=PA404|year=2006|publisher=Infobase Publishing|isbn=978-1-4381-2918-1|page=404}}</ref> [[Hecataeus of Miletus]] was the first known to use the term {{transliteration|grc|Iberia}}, which he wrote about {{circa|500 BCE}}.<ref>{{cite book|last=Strabo|author-link=Strabo|others=Horace Leonard Jones (trans.) |title=The Geography|volume=II|date=1988|publisher=Bill Thayer|location=Cambridge|language=el, en|page=118, Note 1 on 3.4.19|url=https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Strabo/3D*.html#note124}}</ref> [[Herodotus]] of Halicarnassus says of the [[Phocaea]]ns that "it was they who made the Greeks acquainted with [...] Iberia."<ref name="Herodotus1827">{{cite book|author=Herodotus|title=The nine books of the History of Herodotus, tr. from the text of T. Gaisford, with notes and a summary by P. E. Laurent|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rledbh92a0QC&pg=PA75|year=1827|page=75}}</ref> According to [[Strabo]],<ref name="III.4.19">Geography III.4.19.</ref> prior historians used {{transliteration|grc|Iberia}} to mean the country "this side of the {{lang|grc|Ἶβηρος}} ({{transliteration|grc|Ibēros}}, the [[Ebro]]) as far north as the [[Rhône]], but in his day they set the [[Pyrenees]] as the limit. [[Polybius]] respects that limit,<ref>III.37.</ref> but identifies Iberia as the Mediterranean side as far south as [[Gibraltar]], with the Atlantic side having no name. Elsewhere<ref>III.17.</ref> he says that [[Sagunto|Saguntum]] is "on the seaward foot of the range of hills connecting Iberia and Celtiberia."