Editing Ian Holm (section)

== Career ==

Holm was an established actor in the [[Royal Shakespeare Company]] before he gained notice in television and film. He began in 1954 with minor roles, progressing to [[Puck (A Midsummer Night's Dream)|Puck]] in ''[[A Midsummer Night's Dream]]'' and the fool in ''[[King Lear]]''.<ref name="BBC Holm Obit"/> In 1965, he played [[Richard III (play)|Richard III]] in the [[BBC]] serialisation of ''[[The Wars of the Roses (adaptation)|The Wars of The Roses]]'', based on the RSC production of the plays. He gained acclaim for his role in the 1968 film ''[[The Bofors Gun]]'', winning the [[BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Supporting Role]].<ref name="Bafta Bofors">{{cite web |title=Film in 1969: BAFTA Awards |url=http://awards.bafta.org/award/1969/film |website=awards.bafta.org |access-date=21 June 2020 |archive-date=22 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210122045155/http://awards.bafta.org/award/1969/film |url-status=live }}</ref> In 1969, he appeared in ''[[Moonlight on the Highway]]''.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200622074902/https://www.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2b6bcc4ce7 "''Moonlight on the Highway'' (1969)"] [[British Film Institute]]. Retrieved 20 June 2020.</ref> He took on minor roles in films such as ''[[Oh! What a Lovely War]]'' (1969),<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160309073043/http://www.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2b6b1e5daa "''Oh! What a Lovely War'' (1969)"] [[British Film Institute]]. Retrieved 20 June 2020.</ref> ''[[Nicholas and Alexandra]]'' (1971),<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160809085458/http://www.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2b6b170907 "''Nicholas and Alexandra'' (1971)"] [[British Film Institute]]. Retrieved 20 June 2020.</ref> ''[[Mary, Queen of Scots (1971 film)|Mary, Queen of Scots]]'' (1972)<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20170724025345/http://www.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2b6b014217 "''Mary, Queen of Scots'' (1972)"] [[British Film Institute]]. Retrieved 20 June 2020.</ref> and ''[[Young Winston]]'' (1972).<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20170621155716/http://www.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2b6bb7319a "''Young Winston'' (1972)"] [[British Film Institute]]. Retrieved 20 June 2020.</ref>

In 1967 Holm won a [[Tony Award]] for Best Featured Actor in a Play as Lenny in ''[[The Homecoming]]'' by [[Harold Pinter]]. Holm appeared in the 1977 television mini-series ''[[Jesus of Nazareth (film)|Jesus of Nazareth]]'' as the [[Sadducee]] [[Zerah]], and as the villain in ''[[March or Die (film)|March or Die]]''. The following year he played [[J. M. Barrie]] in the award-winning BBC mini-series ''[[The Lost Boys (TV series)|The Lost Boys]]'',<ref name=THR>Mike Barnes (2020) [https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/ian-holm-dead-chariots-fire-alien-bilbo-baggins-actor-was-88-1075500 "Ian Holm, Oscar-Nominated Actor in 'Chariots of Fire,' Dies at 88"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200620105146/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/ian-holm-dead-chariots-fire-alien-bilbo-baggins-actor-was-88-1075500 |date=20 June 2020 }} ''[[The Hollywood Reporter]]''. Published 19 June 2020. Retrieved 20 June 2020.</ref> In 1981, he played [[Frodo Baggins]] in the [[The Lord of the Rings (1981 radio series)|BBC radio adaptation]] of [[J. R. R. Tolkien]]'s ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]''.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.tolkienlibrary.com/press/850-Lord-of-the-Rings-BBC-Dramatization.php |title=Review: The BBC Lord of the Rings Dramatization re-released by BBC AudioBooks America |website=www.tolkienlibrary.com |access-date=24 December 2012 |archive-date=4 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304111755/http://www.tolkienlibrary.com/press/850-Lord-of-the-Rings-BBC-Dramatization.php |url-status=live }}</ref>

Holm's first film role to gain much notice was that of [[Ash (Alien)|Ash]], the "calm, technocratic" science officer – later revealed to be an [[Android (robot)|android]] – in [[Ridley Scott]]'s science-fiction film ''[[Alien (film)|Alien]]'' (1979).<ref name=GuardianFilmBlog/> His portrayal of the running coach [[Sam Mussabini]] in ''[[Chariots of Fire]]'' (1981) earned him a special award at the [[Cannes Film Festival]], a [[BAFTA]] award for [[BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Supporting Role|Best Actor in a Supporting Role]], and an [[Academy Award]] nomination for [[Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor|Best Supporting Actor]].<ref name=GuardianFilmBlog/><ref name="Tsioulcas">{{cite web |title=Actor Ian Holm, Who Played King Lear To Bilbo Baggins, Has Died |url=https://www.npr.org/2020/06/19/880811998/actor-ian-holm-who-played-king-lear-to-bilbo-baggins-has-died |first=Anastasia |last=Tsioulcas |publisher=[[NPR]] |date=19 June 2020 |access-date=8 November 2024}}</ref><ref name=BBCNews/> In the 1980s, Holm played in ''[[Time Bandits]]'' (1981), ''[[Greystoke: The Legend of Tarzan, Lord of the Apes]]'' (1984) and ''[[Brazil (1985 film)|Brazil]]'' (1985). He played [[Lewis Carroll]], the author of ''[[Alice in Wonderland]]'', in ''[[Dreamchild]]'' (1985).<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160729213643/http://www.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2b70e9350c ''"Dreamchild'' (1985)"] [[British Film Institute]]. Retrieved 20 June 2020.</ref><ref>Roger Ebert (1986) [https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/dreamchild-1986 "''Dreamchild''" film review] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200921230536/https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/dreamchild-1986 |date=21 September 2020 }}. [[rogerebert.com]]. Published 10 January 1986. Retrieved 20 June 2020.</ref>

In 1989, Holm was nominated for a BAFTA award for the television series ''[[Game, Set and Match]]''.<ref>{{cite web |title=Television in 1989: BAFTA Awards |url=http://awards.bafta.org/award/1989/television |website=awards.bafta.org |access-date=21 June 2020 |archive-date=2 April 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402102941/http://awards.bafta.org/award/1989/television |url-status=live }}</ref> Based on the novels by [[Len Deighton]], this tells the story of an intelligence officer (Holm) who finds a security leak at the heart of his network.<ref name="NYT">{{cite news |last=O'Connor |first=John |title=13 Hours' Worth of British Spying on the 'Mystery' Series |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1989/03/23/arts/review-television-13-hours-worth-of-british-spying-on-the-mystery-series.html |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=23 March 1989 |accessdate=6 February 2024 |archive-date=6 February 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240206101233/https://www.nytimes.com/1989/03/23/arts/review-television-13-hours-worth-of-british-spying-on-the-mystery-series.html |url-status=live }}</ref> He continued to perform [[William Shakespeare|Shakespeare]] in films. He appeared with [[Kenneth Branagh]] in ''[[Henry V (1989 film)|Henry V]]'' (1989)<ref name="BFI Henry V">{{cite web |title=Henry V |url=https://collections-search.bfi.org.uk/web/Details/ChoiceFilmWorks/150333405 |publisher=BFI |access-date=6 February 2024 |ref=339343 |archive-date=3 February 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240203224428/https://collections-search.bfi.org.uk/web/Details/ChoiceFilmWorks/150333405 |url-status=live }}</ref> and as [[Polonius]] to [[Mel Gibson]]'s ''[[Hamlet (1990 film)|Hamlet]]'' (1990).<ref name="BFI Hamlet">{{cite web |title=Hamlet |url=https://collections-search.bfi.org.uk/web/Details/ChoiceFilmWorks/150342735 |publisher=BFI |ref=348471 |access-date=6 February 2024 |archive-date=6 February 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240206161623/https://collections-search.bfi.org.uk/web/Details/ChoiceFilmWorks/150342735 |url-status=live }}</ref>
Holm was reunited with Branagh in ''[[Mary Shelley's Frankenstein (film)|Mary Shelley's Frankenstein]]'' (1994), playing the father of Branagh's [[Victor Frankenstein]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160505234311/http://www.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2b7c457939 ''"Mary Shelley's Frankenstein'' (1994)"] [[British Film Institute]]. Retrieved 20 June 2020.</ref>

[[File:Ian_Holm_studying_the_Ring_FOTR_2001.jpg|thumb|Holm as [[Bilbo Baggins]] in ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring]]''. The role brought him wider fame, somewhat overshadowing the rest of his acting career.<ref name="BFI Holm Obit"/>]]

Holm raised his profile in 1997 with two prominent roles, as the priest Vito Cornelius in [[Luc Besson]]'s sci-fi ''[[The Fifth Element]]'' and the lawyer Mitchell Stephens in ''[[The Sweet Hereafter (film)|The Sweet Hereafter]]''. In 2001 he starred in ''[[From Hell (film)|From Hell]]'' as the physician [[William Withey Gull|Sir William Withey Gull]].<ref name="BFI Holm Obit"/> The same year, he followed up his radio role as Frodo by appearing as Frodo's older cousin<!--familiarly called "uncle"--> [[Bilbo Baggins]] in the blockbuster film ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring]]''. This brought him wider fame, somewhat overshadowing the rest of his acting career.<ref name="BFI Holm Obit"/> He returned for ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King]]'' (2003), for which he shared a [[Screen Actors Guild|SAG]] award for Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture. He later reprised his role as the elderly Bilbo Baggins in the films ''[[The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey]]'' and ''[[The Hobbit: The Battle of the Five Armies]]''.<ref name="BBC Holm Obit">{{cite news |title=Obituary: Ian Holm |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-13960349 |access-date=19 June 2020 |work=[[BBC]] |date=19 June 2020 |archive-date=19 June 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200619182212/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-13960349 |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Martin Freeman]] portrayed the young Bilbo in those films.<ref>Rodrigo Perez (2012) [https://www.indiewire.com/2012/12/review-the-hobbit-an-unexpected-journey-rallies-from-a-goofy-opening-to-become-another-thrilling-if-familiar-action-adventure-epic-103367/ "Review: ‘''The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey''’ Rallies From A Goofy Opening To Become Another Thrilling, If Familiar, Action-Adventure Epic"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201024183729/https://www.indiewire.com/2012/12/review-the-hobbit-an-unexpected-journey-rallies-from-a-goofy-opening-to-become-another-thrilling-if-familiar-action-adventure-epic-103367/ |date=24 October 2020 }} ''[[IndieWire]]''. Published 4 December 2012. Retrieved 20 June 2020.</ref>

Holm was nominated for an [[Emmy Award]] twice, for a [[Public Broadcasting Service|PBS]] broadcast of a National Theatre production of ''[[King Lear]]'', in 1999; and for a supporting role in the [[HBO]] film ''[[The Last of the Blonde Bombshells]]'' opposite [[Judi Dench]], in 2001.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ian Holm |url=https://www.emmys.com/bios/ian-holm |access-date=20 June 2020 |website=Television Academy |archive-date=22 June 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200622025314/https://www.emmys.com/bios/ian-holm |url-status=live }}</ref> He voiced Chef Skinner in the [[Pixar]] animated film ''[[Ratatouille (film)|Ratatouille]]'' (2007).<ref name="Turner Filmography"/> He appeared in two [[David Cronenberg]] films: ''[[Naked Lunch (film)|Naked Lunch]]'' (1991) and ''[[eXistenZ]]'' (1999).<ref name=GuardianFilmBlog>Peter Bradshaw (2020) [https://www.theguardian.com/film/filmblog/2020/jun/19/ian-holm-a-virtuoso-actor-of-steel-sinew-and-charm-peter-bradshaw-appreciation "Ian Holm: a virtuoso actor of steel, sinew – and charm"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200620043717/https://www.theguardian.com/film/filmblog/2020/jun/19/ian-holm-a-virtuoso-actor-of-steel-sinew-and-charm-peter-bradshaw-appreciation |date=20 June 2020 }} ''[[The Guardian]]''. Published 19 June 2020. Retrieved 20 June 2020.</ref> His acting was admired by [[Harold Pinter]]: the playwright once said: "He puts on my shoe, and it fits!"<ref>Brantley, Ben. [https://www.nytimes.com/2001/07/21/theater/theater-review-talk-about-a-reality-show-a-pinter-classic-is-it.html THEATER REVIEW; Talk About a Reality Show. A Pinter Classic Is It] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305171034/http://www.nytimes.com/2001/07/21/theater/theater-review-talk-about-a-reality-show-a-pinter-classic-is-it.html |date=5 March 2016 }}. ''The New York Times'' 21 July 2001.</ref> Holm played Lenny in both the London and New York City premieres of Pinter's ''[[The Homecoming]]''; the BBC wrote that he "electrified audiences" in the play.<ref name=BBCNews>[https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-13960349 "Obituary: Ian Holm"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200620154909/https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-13960349 |date=20 June 2020 }} [[BBC News]]. Published 19 June 2020. Retrieved 20 June 2020.</ref> He played [[Napoleon Bonaparte]] three times: in the television mini-series ''[[Napoleon and Love]]'' (1974), [[Terry Gilliam]]'s ''[[Time Bandits]]'' (1981), and ''[[The Emperor's New Clothes (2001 film)|The Emperor's New Clothes]]''.<ref name=THR/> Holm received royal recognition for his contributions: he was made CBE in 1989 and knighted in 1998.<ref name="Guardian Obit"/>