Editing Hulk (section)

===Concept and creation===
The Hulk first appeared in ''The Incredible Hulk'' #1 ([[cover date]]d May 1962), written by writer-editor Stan Lee, [[penciller|penciled]] and co-plotted by Jack Kirby,<ref>{{cite book|last = DeFalco|first = Tom|author-link = Tom DeFalco|editor1-last= Gilbert|editor1-first= Laura |chapter= 1960s|title = Marvel Chronicle A Year by Year History|publisher = [[Dorling Kindersley]]|date= 2008|location= London, United Kingdom|page = 85|isbn =978-0756641238|quote= Based on their collaboration on ''The Fantastic Four'', [Stan] Lee worked with Jack Kirby. Instead of a team that fought traditional Marvel monsters, however, Lee decided that this time he wanted to feature a monster as the hero.}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.bbc.com/future/story/20120509-radiation-rage|title=Hulk makes a monster out of gamma rays|publisher=BBC|first= Quentin|last= Cooper|date=May 11, 2012|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20161013022820/http://www.bbc.com/future/story/20120509-radiation-rage|archive-date= October 13, 2016|url-status= live|access-date=September 22, 2016}}</ref> and [[inker|inked]] by [[Paul Reinman]]. Lee cites influence from ''[[Frankenstein]]''<ref name="OyVey"/> and ''[[Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde|Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde]]'' in the Hulk's creation:

{{blockquote|It was patently apparent that [the monstrous character the] [[Thing (comics)|Thing]] was the most popular character in [Marvel's recently created superhero team the] [[Fantastic Four]]. ... For a long time, I'd been aware of the fact that people were more likely to favor someone who was less than perfect. ... It's a safe bet that you remember [[Quasimodo]], but how easily can you name any of the heroic, handsomer, more glamorous characters in ''[[The Hunchback of Notre Dame]]''? And then there's Frankenstein ... I've always had a soft spot in my heart for the Frankenstein monster. No one could ever convince me that he was the bad guy. ... He never wanted to hurt anyone; he merely groped his torturous way through a second life trying to defend himself, trying to come to terms with those who sought to destroy him. ... I decided I might as well borrow from Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde as well—our protagonist would constantly change from his normal identity to his superhuman alter ego and back again.<ref>{{cite book | author-link=Stan Lee | last=Lee | first = Stan | title = [[Origins of Marvel Comics]]| publisher = [[Simon & Schuster]]/[[Marvel Fireside Books]]|date= 1974|location= New York, New York|page= 75|isbn= 978-0-671-21863-8}}</ref>}}

[[File:Hulk-logo.svg|thumb|367x367px|[[The Incredible Hulk (comic book)|Hulk]] comic logo]]
Kirby also stated the Frankenstein inspiration stating, "I did a story called "The Hulk"– a small feature, and it was quite different from the Hulk that we know. But I felt that the Hulk had possibilities, and I took this little character from the small feature and I transformed it into the Hulk that we know today.
Of course, I was experimenting with it. I thought the Hulk might be a good-looking Frankenstein. I felt there's a Frankenstein in all of us; I’ve seen it demonstrated. And I felt that the Hulk had the element of truth in it, and anything to me with the element of truth is valid and the reader relates to that. And if you dramatize it, the reader will enjoy it."<ref>{{cite web | url=https://kirbymuseum.org/blogs/effect/2012/08/06/19867-kirby-interview/ | title=1986/7 Jack Kirby Interview | date=August 6, 2012 }}</ref> Kirby also commented upon his influences in drawing the character, and recalled the inspiration of witnessing the [[hysterical strength]] of a mother lifting a car off her trapped child.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://film.guardian.co.uk/features/featurepages/0,,999977,00.html |last=Hill |first=Dave |title=Green with anger |date=July 17, 2003 |location=London, United Kingdom |work=[[The Guardian]] |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130505014926/http://film.guardian.co.uk/features/featurepages/0,,999977,00.html |archive-date=May 5, 2013 |url-status=dead |df=mdy-all |quote=one of the Hulk comic books' artists, Jack Kirby, has said he was inspired by seeing a woman rescue her child from beneath a trapped car.}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tcj.com/jack-kirby-interview/6/ |title=Jack Kirby Interview - Part 6 |work=The Comics Journal |first=Gary |last=Groth |date=23 May 2011 |quote=KIRBY: The Hulk I created when I saw a woman lift a car. Her baby was caught under the running board of this car. The little child was playing in the gutter and he was crawling from the gutter onto the sidewalk under the running board of this car — he was playing in the gutter. His mother was horrified. She looked from the rear window of the car, and this woman in desperation lifted the rear end of the car.}} From The Comics Journal #134 (February 1990)</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://io9.gizmodo.com/the-incredible-hulk-was-inspired-by-a-woman-saving-her-1727562968 |work=Gizmodo |first=Andrew |last=Lipstak |title=The Incredible Hulk Was Inspired By A Woman Saving Her Baby |date=30 August 2015 |quote=Jack Kirby witnessed a woman lift a car to get her child out from under it. The moment helped inspire one of his most famous creations: the Incredible Hulk.}}</ref>

Lee has also compared Hulk to the [[Golem]] of Jewish mythology.<ref name="OyVey"/> In ''The Science of Superheroes'', Gresh and Weinberg see the Hulk as a reaction to the Cold War<ref name=GreshWeinberg>{{Cite book|last=Gresh|first=Lois|author2=Robert Weinberg|title=The Science of Superheroes|publisher=[[John Wiley & Sons]]|date=September 29, 2003| location= Hoboken, New Jersey|isbn=978-0-471-46882-0}}{{Page needed|date=September 2010}}<!-- page=200 | page=27 Again, which is it?? --></ref> and the threat of nuclear attack, an interpretation shared by Weinstein in ''[[Up, Up and Oy Vey]]''.<ref name="OyVey"/> This interpretation corresponds with other popularized fictional media created during this time period, which took advantage of the prevailing sense among Americans that nuclear power could produce monsters and mutants.<ref name="Poole">Poole, W. Scott. ''Monsters in America: Our Historical Obsession with the Hideous and the Haunting.'' Waco, Texas: Baylor University Press, 2011. {{ISBN|978-1-60258-314-6}}.</ref>

In the debut, Lee chose grey for the Hulk because he wanted a color that did not suggest any particular ethnic group.<ref name="CBG">''[[Comics Buyer's Guide]]'' #1617 (June 2006)</ref> Colorist [[Stan Goldberg]], however, had problems with the grey coloring, resulting in different shades of grey, and even green, in the issue. After seeing the first published issue, Lee chose to change the skin color to green.<ref>{{cite journal|last= Murray|first= Will|author-link= Will Murray|title= The Historic Hulk|journal= [[Starlog]]|issue= 312|page= 73|date= July 2003|url= https://archive.org/stream/starlog_magazine-312JPG/312#page/n72/mode/1up}}</ref> Green was used in retellings of the origin, with even reprints of the original story being recolored for the next two decades, until ''The Incredible Hulk'' vol. 2, #302 (December 1984) reintroduced the grey Hulk in flashbacks set close to the origin story. An exception is the early trade paperback, ''[[Origins of Marvel Comics]]'', from 1974, which explains the difficulties in keeping the grey color consistent in a Stan Lee-written prologue, and reprints the origin story keeping the grey coloration. Since December 1984, reprints of the first issue have displayed the original grey coloring, with the fictional canon specifying that the Hulk's skin had initially been grey.

Lee gave the Hulk's alter ego the alliterative name "Bruce Banner" because he found he had less difficulty remembering alliterative names. Despite this, in later stories he misremembered the character's name and referred to him as "'''Bob Banner'''", an error which readers quickly picked up on.<ref>{{cite news | last = Boatz | first = Darrel L. | date = December 1988 | title = Stan Lee | work = [[Comics Interview]] | issue = 64 | page = 15 | publisher = [[Fictioneer Books]]}}</ref> The discrepancy was resolved by giving the character the official full name "'''Robert Bruce Banner'''."<ref name=CBR/>

The Hulk got his name from a comic book character named [[Heap (comics)|The Heap]] who was a large green swamp monster.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://screenrant.com/14-things-you-didnt-know-about-the-hulk/|title=14 Things You Didn't Know About the Hulk|date=2016-06-03|website=ScreenRant|language=en-US|access-date=2019-12-15}}</ref>