Editing Hotel (section)

==History==
[[File:Tabard inn mid19th.jpg|right|thumb|upright|The Tabard Inn, [[London Borough of Southwark|Southwark, London]]]]
Facilities offering hospitality to travellers featured in early civilizations. In [[Greco-Roman culture]] and in [[ancient Persia]], hospitals for recuperation and rest were built at [[thermal bath]]s. [[Guinness World Records]] officially recognised Japan's [[Nishiyama Onsen Keiunkan]], founded in 705, as the oldest hotel in the world.<ref>{{Cite web |title = Oldest hotel |url = http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/oldest-hotel |access-date = 4 April 2015 |publisher = Guinness World Records |archive-date = 10 April 2015 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150410060242/http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/oldest-hotel |url-status = live }}</ref> During the [[Middle Ages]], various religious orders at [[monastery|monasteries]] and [[abbey]]s would offer accommodation for travellers on the road.

The precursor to the modern hotel was the [[inn]] of [[medieval Europe]], possibly dating back to the rule of [[Ancient Rome]]. These would provide for the needs of travellers, including food<ref>Compare:
{{Cite web
| url= http://www.hospitalitynet.org/news/4017990.html
| title= Hotels: A Brief History
| access-date= 2 January 2021
| quote= In the Middle Ages, monasteries and abbeys were the first establishments to offer refuge to travellers on a regular basis. Religious orders built inns, hospices and hospitals to cater for those on the move. [...] Inns multiplied, but they did not yet offer meals.
| archive-date= 28 April 2017
| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170428051945/http://www.hospitalitynet.org/news/4017990.html
| url-status= live
}}</ref> and lodging, [[Stable|stabling]] and [[fodder]] for the traveller's horses and fresh horses for [[mail coach]]es. Famous London examples of inns include the [[The George, Southwark|George]] and the [[The Tabard|Tabard]]. A typical layout of an inn featured an inner court with bedrooms on the two sides, with the [[kitchen]] and [[parlour]] at the front and the stables at the back.<ref>{{Cite web |url= http://www.hospitalitynet.org/news/4017990.html |title= Hotels: A Brief History |access-date= 17 December 2012 |quote= During this epoch [early-15th century], more than 600 inns were registered in England. Their architecture often consisted of a paved interior court with access through an arched porch. The bedrooms were situated on the two sides of the courtyard, the kitchen and the public rooms at the front, and the stables and storehouses at the back. |archive-date= 26 December 2012 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20121226181728/http://www.hospitalitynet.org/news/4017990.html |url-status= live }}</ref>

For a period of about 200 years from the mid-17th century, [[coaching inn]]s served as a place for lodging for [[coach (carriage)|coach]] travellers (in other words, a [[roadhouse (facility)|roadhouse]]). Coaching inns stabled teams of [[horse]]s for [[stagecoach]]es and [[mail coach]]es and replaced tired teams with fresh teams. Traditionally they were seven miles apart, but this depended very much on the terrain.

[[File:TremontHouse ca1830s byJamesBennett Boston SimonsUPNE.png|thumb|right|[[Tremont House (Boston)|Tremont House]] in [[Boston]], United States, a luxury hotel, the first to provide indoor plumbing]]
[[File:Boody House, Toledo, Ohio - DPLA - ef743aec05907ad71e3bb7b5453e734b (page 1) (cropped).jpg|thumb|right|The Boody House Hotel in Toledo, Ohio]]

Some [[England|English]] towns had as many as ten such inns and rivalry between them became intense, not only for the income from the stagecoach operators but for the revenue from the food and drink supplied to the wealthy passengers. By the end of the century, coaching inns were being run more professionally, with a regular timetable being followed and fixed menus for food.<ref>Coaching Era, The: ''Stage and Mail Coach Travel in and Around Bath, Bristol and Somerset'', Roy Gallop, Fiducia (2003), {{ISBN|1-85026-019-2}}</ref>

Inns began to cater to richer clients in the mid-18th century, and consequently grew in grandeur and in the level of service provided. Sudhir Andrews traces "the birth of an organised hotel industry" to Europe's [[chalet]]s and small hotels which catered primarily to aristocrats.<ref>
{{cite book
 | last1 = Andrews
 | first1 = Sudhir
 | chapter = History of Hotels and Motels
 | title = Introduction To Tourism And Hospitality Industry
 | date = June 2007
 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=PrRdc5SI_R4C
 | edition = reprint
 | location = New Delhi
 | publisher = Tata McGraw-Hill Education
 | publication-date = 2007
 | page = 46
 | isbn = 9780070660212
 | access-date = 2 January 2021
| quote = It was in Europe that the birth of an organised hotel industry took place in the shape of chalets and small hotels, which provided a variety of services and were mainly patronized by the aristocrats of the day. 
}}
</ref>
One of the first hotels in a modern sense, the [[Royal Clarence Hotel|Royal Clarence]], opened in [[Exeter]] in 1768, although the idea only really caught on in the early-19th century. In 1812 Mivart's Hotel opened its doors in [[London]], later changing its name to [[Claridge's]].<ref>{{Cite web|url= http://www.buildinghistory.org/buildings/inns.shtml|title= Researching the history of pubs, inns and hotels|access-date= 17 December 2012|archive-date= 17 January 2013|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130117081213/http://www.buildinghistory.org/buildings/inns.shtml|url-status= live}}</ref>

Hotels proliferated throughout [[Western Europe]] and [[North America]] in the 19th century. Luxury hotels, including the 1829 [[Tremont House (Boston)|Tremont House]] in [[Boston]], the 1836 [[Astor House]] in [[New York City]],<ref>{{Cite web|url= http://www.oldandsold.com/articles25/hotels-12.shtml|title= Nineteenth Century Hotels in the United States|access-date= 17 December 2012|archive-date= 14 June 2012|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120614140716/http://www.oldandsold.com/articles25/hotels-12.shtml|url-status= live}}</ref> the 1889 [[Savoy Hotel]] in London, and the [[César Ritz|Ritz chain of hotels]] in London and [[Paris]] in the late 1890s, catered to an ever more-wealthy clientele.

[[Title II of the Civil Rights Act of 1964]] is part of a United States law that prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, religion, or national origin in places of public accommodation.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/history/resources/pdf/CivilRightsActOf1964.pdf |title=Civil Rights Act of 1964: P.L. 88-352 |website=senate.gov |access-date=12 August 2022 |archive-date=3 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220503172510/https://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/history/resources/pdf/CivilRightsActOf1964.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> Hotels are included as types of public accommodation in the Act.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.oyez.org/cases/1964/515|title=Heart of Atlanta Motel, Inc. v. United States.|website=Oyez|access-date=16 March 2020|archive-date=13 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200313032816/https://www.oyez.org/cases/1964/515|url-status=live}}</ref>