Editing History of Oceania (section)

=== Australia ===
{{Further|Aboriginal Australians}}

Indigenous Australians are the original inhabitants of the [[Australia (continent)|Australian continent]] and nearby islands.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://australia.gov.au/about-australia/our-country |title=About Australia:Our Country |publisher=Australian Government |quote=Australia's first inhabitants, the Aboriginal people, are believed to have migrated from some unknown point in Asia to Australia between 50,000 and 60,000 years ago. |access-date=27 January 2014 |archive-date=27 February 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120227080043/http://australia.gov.au/about-australia/our-country |url-status=dead }}</ref> Indigenous Australians migrated from Africa to Asia around 70,000 years ago<ref>{{Cite journal |doi = 10.1126/science.1211177|pmid = 21940856|pmc = 3991479|title = An Aboriginal Australian Genome Reveals Separate Human Dispersals into Asia|journal = Science|volume = 334|issue = 6052|pages = 94–98|year = 2011|last1 = Rasmussen|first1 = M.|last2 = Guo|first2 = X.|last3 = Wang|first3 = Y.|last4 = Lohmueller|first4 = K. E.|last5 = Rasmussen|first5 = S.|last6 = Albrechtsen|first6 = A.|last7 = Skotte|first7 = L.|last8 = Lindgreen|first8 = S.|last9 = Metspalu|first9 = M.|last10 = Jombart|first10 = T.|last11 = Kivisild|first11 = T.|last12 = Zhai|first12 = W.|last13 = Eriksson|first13 = A.|last14 = Manica|first14 = A.|last15 = Orlando|first15 = L.|last16 = de la Vega|first16 = F. M.|last17 = Tridico|first17 = S.|last18 = Metspalu|first18 = E.|last19 = Nielsen|first19 = K.|last20 = Avila-Arcos|first20 = M. C.|last21 = Moreno-Mayar|first21 = J. V.|last22 = Muller|first22 = C.|last23 = Dortch|first23 = J.|last24 = Gilbert|first24 = M. T. P.|last25 = Lund|first25 = O.|last26 = Wesolowska|first26 = A.|last27 = Karmin|first27 = M.|last28 = Weinert|first28 = L. A.|last29 = Wang|first29 = B.|last30 = Li|first30 = J.|display-authors = 29|bibcode = 2011Sci...334...94R}}</ref> and arrived in Australia around 50,000 years ago.<ref name="BBSRC">[http://www3.imperial.ac.uk/newsandeventspggrp/imperialcollege/newssummary/news_23-9-2011-10-41-8 "Aboriginal Australians descend from the first humans to leave Africa, DNA sequence reveals"], ''Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)''.</ref><ref name="illumina.com">{{cite web |url=http://www.illumina.com/documents/icommunity/article_2012_04_Aboriginal_Genome.pdf |title=Sequencing Uncovers a 9,000 Mile Walkabout |publisher=Illumina |date=2012 |access-date=19 March 2022}}</ref> The [[Torres Strait Islanders]] are indigenous to the [[Torres Strait Islands]], which are at the northernmost tip of Queensland near [[Papua New Guinea]]. The term "Aboriginal" is traditionally applied to only the [[Aboriginal Australians|indigenous inhabitants]] of [[mainland Australia]] and [[Tasmania]], along with some of the adjacent islands, i.e.: the "first peoples". ''Indigenous Australians'' is an inclusive term used when referring to both Aboriginal and Torres Strait islanders.

The earliest definite human remains found to date are that of [[Mungo Man]], which have been dated at about 40,000 years old, but the time of arrival of the ancestors of Indigenous Australians is a matter of debate among researchers, with estimates dating back as far as 125,000 years ago.<ref name="uow2004">[http://media.uow.edu.au/news/2004/0917a/index.html "When did Australia's earliest inhabitants arrive?"], ''University of Wollongong'', 2004. Retrieved 6 June 2008.</ref> There is great diversity among different Indigenous communities and societies in Australia, each with its own unique mixture of cultures, customs and languages. In present-day Australia these groups are further divided into local communities.<ref>[http://wwwmcc.murdoch.edu.au/ReadingRoom/3.2/Hodge.html "Aboriginal truth and white media: Eric Michaels meets the spirit of Aboriginalism"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120721132745/http://wwwmcc.murdoch.edu.au/ReadingRoom/3.2/Hodge.html |date=21 July 2012 }}, ''The Australian Journal of Media & Culture'', vol. 3 no 3, 1990. Retrieved 6 June 2008.</ref>