Editing Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley (section)

==Early life==
[[File:Hans Eworth Henry Stuart Lord Darnley.jpg|thumb|left|Lord Darnley aged about nine, by [[Hans Eworth]].<ref>''Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley, 1545–1567''. PG 2471, www.nationalgalleries.org</ref> [[Scottish National Portrait Gallery]], Edinburgh.]]
Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley was born at [[Temple Newsam]], [[Leeds]], in the [[West Riding of Yorkshire]], England, in 1546. Henry was initially believed to be born on 5 December 1545, but more recent research suggests he was born in 1546, as his mother had given birth in late February 1545. In a letter from March 1566, his age was given as nineteen.<ref name="Ballantine Books">{{cite book|last1=Weir|first1=Alison|title=The Lost Tudor Princess: The Life of Lady Margaret Douglas|date=2015|publisher=Ballantine Books|location=New York|isbn=978-0345521392|page=131}}</ref> 

In 1545, his father, [[Matthew Stewart, 4th Earl of Lennox]], was found guilty of treason in Scotland for siding with the English in the War of the [[Rough Wooing]], in opposing [[Mary of Guise]] and [[Regent Arran]]. The family's Scottish estates were forfeited<ref>Elaine Finnie Greig, 'Stewart, Henry, duke of Albany [Lord Darnley] (1545/6–1567)', Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, Jan 2008</ref> and his father went into exile in England for 22 years, returning to Scotland in 1564. The Countess of Lennox [[Margaret Douglas]], his mother, had left Scotland in 1528.<ref name="Daniel 2">Daniel, William S., ''History of The Abbey and Palace of Holyrood'' (Edinburgh: Duncan Anderson, 1852), p. 62.</ref>

The Scottish scholar [[John Elder (writer)|John Elder]] was among his tutors. Elder advocated Anglo-Scottish union through the marriage of [[Mary, Queen of Scots]], and [[Edward VI of England|Prince Edward]]. His advice to [[Henry VIII]] in 1543, was termed the ''Advice of a [[Redshank (soldier)|Redshank]]''.<ref>[http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=76781 ''Letters & Papers Henry VIII,'' vol. 18 part 2 (London, 1902), no. 539]: [https://books.google.com/books?id=l1QJAAAAQAAJ ''Bannatyne Miscellany'', Edinburgh vol. 1, (1827), 1–6]</ref> Another schoolmaster to the young heir was Arthur Lallart, who would later be interrogated in London for having gone to Scotland in 1562.<ref>Morgan Ring, ''So High A Blood'' (Bloomsbury, 2017), pp. 160–161: Joseph Stevenson, [https://archive.org/details/calendarstatepa03britgoog/page/26/mode/2up ''Calendar State Papers Foreign Elizabeth'', 5 (London, 1867), p. 13 no. 12]: ''Calendar State Papers Domestic 1547–1580'' (London, 1856), pp. 201, 203.</ref>

Henry was considered strong, athletic, skilled in horsemanship and weaponry, and passionate about hunting and hawking. His youthful character is captured somewhat in a letter of March 1554 to [[Mary I of England]] from Temple Newsam, where he writes about making a map, the ''Utopia Nova'', and his wish that "every haire in my heade for to be a wourthy souldiour".<ref>Henry Ellis, ''Original Letters illustrative of British History'', 2nd series vol. 2 (London, 1827) pp. 249–251.</ref> In Scotland, he was delighted with an [[English Water Spaniel]], a gift from the courtier [[James Melville of Halhill]].<ref>Joseph Stevenson, [https://archive.org/details/selectionsfromu00stevgoog/page/n197/mode/2up ''Selections from unpublished manuscripts illustrating the reign of Mary Queen of Scotland'' (Glasgow, 1837), p. 165]</ref>