Editing Hawke's Bay (section)

== History ==
[[Image:Maraetotara Falls, Hawkes Bay, New Zealand.jpg|thumb|Maraetotara Falls]]

=== Early history ===
Bay whaling stations operated on the shores of the bay in the nineteenth century.<ref>Don Grady (1986) ''Sealers & whalers in New Zealand waters'', Auckland, Reed Methuen, p.150. {{ISBN|0474000508}}</ref>

[[Hawke's Bay Province]] was founded in 1858 as a [[Provinces of New Zealand|province of New Zealand]], after being separated from the [[Wellington Province]] following a meeting in Napier in February 1858. The Province was abolished in 1876 along with all other provinces in New Zealand. It was replaced with a Provincial District.

=== 1931 earthquake ===
{{Hatnote|See also: [[1931 Hawke's Bay earthquake]]}}
On February 3, 1931, Napier and Hastings were devastated by New Zealand's worst natural disaster, [[1931 Hawke's Bay earthquake|an earthquake]] measuring 7.9 on the [[Richter magnitude scale]], which killed 256 people. Napier rebuilt and now the city is world-famous for its Art Deco buildings, and celebrates its heritage each February with the [http://www.artdeconapier.com Art Deco Weekend]. [[MTG Hawke's Bay]], formerly Hawke's Bay Museum and Art Gallery, has an exhibition on the earthquake, its causes and impact.

=== Second World War ===
During the [[Second World War]], the [[German submarine U-862|German submarine ''U-862'']] entered the waters around Napier undetected, surfacing by the Sound Shell. The submarine fired a torpedo at the ''Pukeko'', a steamer leaving the Port of Napier, but narrowly missed.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hunt |first=Megan |date=2016-09-28 |title=Memorial unveiled to mark German submarine's Napier visit |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/dominion-post/news/84705724/memorial-unveiled-to-mark-german-submarines-napier-visit |access-date=2023-10-31 |website=[[Stuff (website)|Stuff]] |language=en}}</ref>

=== Cyclone Gabrielle ===
{{Hatnote|See also: [[Cyclone Gabrielle]]}}
On the 13th and 14 February 2023, Cyclone Gabrielle caused extensive damage in Hawke's Bay as it passed over the North Island. Power, phone service and internet access was cut to over 16,000 properties when the main Redcliffe substation was damaged in floodwaters after the [[Tutaekuri River]] burst its banks. Downstream, 1,000 people were evacuated from low-lying plains surrounding the river, where significant parts of Taradale, Meeanee and Awatoto were submerged.

The floodwaters destroyed 4 bridges, including Redcliffe Bridge, a major crossing just south of Taradale. SH2 and SH51 bridges were heavily damaged, but did not collapse. A span of the [[Palmerston North-Gisborne Line]] crossing the Tutaekuri River also collapsed. The [[Ngaruroro River]] also breached its banks, flooding the town of Omahu where 20 people required evacuation via helicopter.

In Wairoa, the [[Wairoa River (Hawke's Bay)|Wairoa River]] breached its banks, flooding approximately 15 percent of the town. Access to Wairoa was cut off after extensive damage on SH2's Mohaka River Bridge in the south, and landslides also closing SH2 to the north. Water supply in Central Hawke's Bay failed, and a mandatory evacuation was ordered for eastern Waipawa after the Waipara river rose to record levels. The total cost and damages are unknown at this time.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/weather-news/131220076/cyclone-gabrielle-town-cut-off-as-wairoa-river-bursts-its-banks-flooding-homes-of-about-half-its-population | title=Cyclone Gabrielle: Town cut off as Wairoa River bursts its banks, flooding homes of about half its population | date=14 February 2023 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/cyclone-gabrielle-hawkes-bay-rse-workers-rescued-after-spending-10-hours-trapped-on-roofs-amid-flood-waters/KGFY6LIBZJH3DOJEZEYXR63TXM/ | title=Hawke's Bay RSE workers rescued after 10 hours trapped on roofs amid flood waters | date=4 January 2024 }}</ref>