Editing Haemophilia (section)

===Complications===
Severe complications are much more common in cases of severe and moderate haemophilia. Complications may arise from the disease itself or from its treatment:<ref>[http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/hemophilia/DS00218/DSECTION=complications Hemophilia Complications] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100121052533/http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/hemophilia/DS00218/DSECTION%3Dcomplications |date=21 January 2010 }} Mayo Clinic Staff. 16 May 2009</ref>
* '''Deep internal bleeding''', e.g. deep-muscle bleeding, leading to swelling, numbness or pain of a limb.
* '''Joint damage''' from [[hemarthrosis|haemarthrosis]] (haemophilic arthropathy), potentially with severe pain, disfigurement, and even destruction of the joint and development of debilitating [[arthritis]].
* '''[[Transfusion transmitted infection]]''' from blood transfusions that are given as treatment.
* '''Adverse reactions''' to clotting factor treatment, including the development of an immune inhibitor which renders factor replacement less effective.
* '''[[Intracranial hemorrhage|Intracranial haemorrhage]]''' is a serious medical emergency caused by the buildup of pressure inside the skull. It can cause disorientation, [[nausea]], loss of consciousness, [[brain damage]], and [[death]].
Haemophilic arthropathy is characterised by chronic proliferative synovitis and cartilage destruction.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Rodriguez-Merchan|first=E. Carlos|title=Musculoskeletal Complications of Hemophilia|pmc=2821487|pmid=19921342|doi=10.1007/s11420-009-9140-9|volume=6|issue=1|year=2010|journal=HSS J|pages=37–42}}</ref> If an intra-articular bleed is not drained early, it may cause apoptosis of chondrocytes and affect the synthesis of proteoglycans. The hypertrophied and fragile synovial lining while attempting to eliminate excessive blood may be more likely to easily rebleed, leading to a vicious cycle of hemarthrosis-synovitis-hemarthrosis.  In addition, iron deposition in the synovium may induce an inflammatory response activating the immune system and stimulating angiogenesis, resulting in  cartilage and bone destruction.<ref name="pmid17822515">{{cite journal | vauthors = Valentino LA, Hakobyan N, Rodriguez N, Hoots WK | title = Pathogenesis of haemophilic synovitis: experimental studies on blood-induced joint damage | journal = Haemophilia | volume = 13 | pages = 10–3 | date = November 2007 | issue = Suppl 3 | pmid = 17822515 | doi = 10.1111/j.1365-2516.2007.01534.x | s2cid = 35723479 }}</ref>