Editing Hacker (section)

=== Civic hacker ===
[[File:Anarchist hackers.jpg|thumb|Anarchist [[hacktivist]] protest in the US]]
Civic hackers use their security and [[Software development|programming acumens]] to create solutions, often public and [[Open-source software|open-sourced]], addressing challenges relevant to neighborhoods, cities, states or countries and the infrastructure within them.<ref>* {{Cite web |date=2013-05-15 |title=What is a Civic Hacker? |url=https://digital.gov/2013/05/15/what-is-a-civic-hacker/ |access-date=2023-11-03 |website=Digital.gov |language=en-US |archive-date=2023-11-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231103065348/https://digital.gov/2013/05/15/what-is-a-civic-hacker/ |url-status=live }}
* {{Cite magazine |last=Finley |first=Klint |title=White House, NASA Celebrate National Day of Hacking |language=en-US |magazine=Wired |url=https://www.wired.com/2013/05/national-day-of-hacking/ |access-date=2023-11-03 |issn=1059-1028 |archive-date=2023-11-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231103065348/https://www.wired.com/2013/05/national-day-of-hacking/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Municipalities and major government agencies such as [[NASA]] have been known to host [[hackathon]]s or promote a specific date as a "National Day of Civic Hacking" to encourage participation from civic hackers.<ref>* {{Cite web |last=Abegail |date=2016-06-04 |title=Join Us for National Day of Civic Hacking |url=https://www.chhs.ca.gov/blog/2016/06/03/join-us-for-national-day-of-civic-hacking/ |access-date=2023-11-03 |website=California Health and Human Services |language=en-US }}
* {{Cite web |date=2016-06-03 |title=Open Data and Innovation at the National Day of Civic Hacking 2016 |url=https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/blog/2016/06/03/open-data-and-innovation-national-day-civic-hacking-2016 |access-date=2023-11-03 |website=whitehouse.gov |language=en |archive-date=2023-06-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230602153858/https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/blog/2016/06/03/open-data-and-innovation-national-day-civic-hacking-2016 |url-status=live }}
* {{Cite web |title=Time To Make Plans For June's National Day of Civic Hacking - IEEE Spectrum |url=https://spectrum.ieee.org/time-to-make-plans-for-junes-national-day-of-civic-hacking |access-date=2023-11-03 |website=[[IEEE]] |language=en |archive-date=2023-11-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231103065350/https://spectrum.ieee.org/time-to-make-plans-for-junes-national-day-of-civic-hacking |url-status=live }}
* {{Cite web |last=Hong |first=Albert |date=2016-06-08 |title=National Day of Civic Hacking is about 'civic bravery' |url=https://technical.ly/civic-news/national-day-civic-hacking-secondmuse/ |access-date=2023-11-03 |website=Technical.ly |language=en |archive-date=2023-11-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231103065348/https://technical.ly/civic-news/national-day-civic-hacking-secondmuse/ |url-status=live }}
* {{Cite web |date=2013-05-31 |title=Government releases 'unprecedented amount of data' for National Day of Civic Hacking |url=https://venturebeat.com/entrepreneur/government-releases-unprecedented-amount-of-data-for-national-day-of-civic-hacking/ |access-date=2023-11-03 |website=VentureBeat |language=en-US |archive-date=2022-10-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221004002300/https://venturebeat.com/entrepreneur/government-releases-unprecedented-amount-of-data-for-national-day-of-civic-hacking/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Civic hackers, though often operating autonomously and independently, may work alongside or in coordination with certain aspects of government or local infrastructure such as trains and buses.<ref>* {{Cite web |last=Gallagher |first=Sean |date=2015-02-25 |title=Bus pass: Civic hackers open transit data MTA said would cost too much to share |url=https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2015/02/bus-pass-civic-hackers-open-transit-data-mta-said-would-cost-too-much-to-share/ |access-date=2023-11-03 |website=Ars Technica |language=en-us |archive-date=2023-11-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231103065349/https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2015/02/bus-pass-civic-hackers-open-transit-data-mta-said-would-cost-too-much-to-share/ |url-status=live }}
* {{Cite web |last=Babcock |first=Stephen |date=2015-02-25 |title=Thanks to civic hackers, a Montreal company just made Baltimore's bus system more usable |url=https://technical.ly/software-development/transit-app-civic-hackers-mta-bus-tracking-data-mobile/ |access-date=2023-11-03 |website=Technical.ly |language=en |archive-date=2023-11-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231103065349/https://technical.ly/software-development/transit-app-civic-hackers-mta-bus-tracking-data-mobile/ |url-status=live }}
* {{Cite web |last=Reyes |first=Juliana |date=2014-01-09 |title=This app shows you how often SEPTA Regional Rail is late (with fixes) |url=https://technical.ly/civic-news/septa-regional-rail-late-app/ |access-date=2023-11-03 |website=Technical.ly |language=en |archive-date=2023-11-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231103065358/https://technical.ly/civic-news/septa-regional-rail-late-app/ |url-status=live }}
* {{Cite web |last=Reyes |first=Juliana |date=2014-07-11 |title=Why does this data from our troubled Philadelphia Traffic Court cost $11K? |url=https://technical.ly/civic-news/traffic-court-data-expensive-william-entriken/ |access-date=2023-11-03 |website=Technical.ly |language=en |archive-date=2023-11-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231103065349/https://technical.ly/civic-news/traffic-court-data-expensive-william-entriken/ |url-status=live }}</ref> For example, in 2008, Philadelphia-based civic hacker [[William Entriken]] developed a web application that displayed a comparison of the actual arrival times of local [[SEPTA]] trains to their scheduled times after being reportedly frustrated by the discrepancy.<ref>* {{Cite web |last=Lattanzio |first=Vince |date=2014-01-20 |title=Frustrated Over Late SEPTA Trains, Software Developer Creates App Proposing Better Schedules |url=https://www.nbcphiladelphia.com/news/local/frustrated-over-late-septa-trains-software-developer-creates-app-to-recommend-schedule-changes/2113743/ |access-date=2023-11-20 |archive-date=2023-11-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231120090928/https://www.nbcphiladelphia.com/news/local/frustrated-over-late-septa-trains-software-developer-creates-app-to-recommend-schedule-changes/2113743/ |url-status=live }}
* {{Cite web |last=Reyes |first=Juliana |date=2014-01-09 |title=This app shows you how often SEPTA Regional Rail is late (with fixes) |url=https://technical.ly/civic-news/septa-regional-rail-late-app/ |access-date=2023-11-20 |archive-date=2023-12-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231204180732/https://technical.ly/civic-news/septa-regional-rail-late-app/ |url-status=live }}
* {{Cite web |last=Metro Magazine Staff |date=2014-01-22 |title=SEPTA rider creates app proposing 'better schedules' |url=https://www.metro-magazine.com/10038748/septa-rider-creates-app-proposing-better-schedules |access-date=2023-11-20 |archive-date=2023-11-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231120220825/https://www.metro-magazine.com/10038748/septa-rider-creates-app-proposing-better-schedules |url-status=live }}</ref>