Editing Glycine (section)

==Production==

Although glycine can be isolated from [[hydrolyzed protein]]s, this route is not used for industrial production, as it can be manufactured more conveniently by chemical synthesis.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Okafor |first1=Nduka |title=Modern Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology |date=2016 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=978-1-4398-4323-9 |page=385 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PTm1CwAAQBAJ&pg=PA385 }}</ref> The two main processes are [[amination]] of [[chloroacetic acid]] with [[ammonia]], giving glycine and [[hydrochloric acid]],<ref>{{OrgSynth | vauthors = Ingersoll AW, Babcock SH | title = Hippuric acid | prep=cv2p0328 | volume = 12 | pages = 40 | year = 1932 | collvol = 2 | collvolpages = 328}}</ref> and the [[Strecker amino acid synthesis]],<ref>{{cite book |title=Kirk-Othmer Food and Feed Technology, 2 Volume Set |date=2007 |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |isbn=978-0-470-17448-7 |page=38 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=f--1V1ftgtsC&pg=PA38 }}</ref> which is the main synthetic method in the United States and Japan.<ref name="usitc.gov">{{Cite web |url=http://www.usitc.gov/trade_remedy/731_ad_701_cvd/investigations/2007/glycine_from_india_japan_korea/preliminary/DOC/Glycine%20Conference%20%28prelim%29.wpd |title=Glycine Conference (prelim) |publisher=USITC |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120222063555/http://www.usitc.gov/trade_remedy/731_ad_701_cvd/investigations/2007/glycine_from_india_japan_korea/preliminary/DOC/Glycine%20Conference%20%28prelim%29.wpd |archive-date=2012-02-22 |access-date=2014-06-13}}</ref> About 15 thousand [[tonne]]s are produced annually in this way.<ref name="Ull">{{cite book |doi=10.1002/14356007.a02_057.pub2 |chapter=Amino Acids |title=Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry |date=2007 |last1=Drauz |first1=Karlheinz |last2=Grayson |first2=Ian |last3=Kleemann |first3=Axel |last4=Krimmer |first4=Hans-Peter |last5=Leuchtenberger |first5=Wolfgang |last6=Weckbecker |first6=Christoph |isbn=978-3-527-30385-4 }}</ref>

Glycine is also co-generated as an impurity in the synthesis of [[EDTA]], arising from reactions of the ammonia co-product.<ref name="Ullmann/Roger">{{Ullmann| vauthors = Hart JR |year=2005|title=Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid and Related Chelating Agents|doi=10.1002/14356007.a10_095}}</ref>