Editing Glaucoma (section)

==Signs and symptoms==
[[File:Acute Angle Closure-glaucoma.jpg|right|thumb|Photo showing conjunctival vessels dilated at the corneal edge (ciliary flush, circumcorneal flush) and hazy cornea characteristic of acute angle-closure glaucoma]]
{{multiple image
 | direction         = vertical
 | image1            = Eye disease simulation, normal vision.jpg
 | caption1          = A normal range of vision
 | image2            = Eye disease simulation, glaucoma.jpg
 | caption2          = The same view with advanced vision loss from glaucoma
}}
Open-angle glaucoma usually presents with no symptoms early in the course of the disease,<ref name="Stein 2021">{{cite journal |last1=Stein |first1=Joshua D. |last2=Khawaja |first2=Anthony P. |last3=Weizer |first3=Jennifer S. |title=Glaucoma in Adults—Screening, Diagnosis, and Management: A Review |journal=JAMA |date=12 January 2021 |volume=325 |issue=2 |pages=164–174 |doi=10.1001/jama.2020.21899|pmid=33433580 |s2cid=231585520 }}</ref> but it may gradually progress to involve difficulties with vision.<ref name="Stein 2021" /> It usually involves deficits in the peripheral vision followed by central vision loss as the disease progresses, but less commonly it may present as central vision loss or patchy areas of vision loss.<ref name="Stein 2021" /> On an eye examination, optic nerve changes are seen indicating damage to the optic nerve head (increased [[cup-to-disc ratio]] on [[Ophthalmoscopy|fundoscopic examination]]).<ref name="Stein 2021" />

Acute angle-closure glaucoma, a medical emergency due to the risk of impending permanent vision loss, is characterized by sudden ocular pain, seeing halos around lights, [[red eye (medicine)|red eye]], very high [[intraocular pressure]], nausea and vomiting, and suddenly decreased vision.<ref name="Stein 2021" /> Acute angle-closure glaucoma may further present with corneal edema, engorged conjunctival vessels, and a fixed and dilated pupil on examination.<ref name="AAO 1">{{cite web |title=Angle-Closure Glaucoma - American Academy of Ophthalmology |url=https://www.aao.org/education/munnerlyn-laser-surgery-center/angleclosure-glaucoma-19 |website=www.aao.org}}</ref>

Opaque specks may occur in the lens in glaucoma, known as glaukomflecken.<ref>{{cite book| vauthors = Friedman NJ, Kaiser PK, Pineda II R |title=The Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary Illustrated Manual of Ophthalmology E-Book|date=2014|publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences|isbn=978-0-323-22527-4|page=234|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=g8U0AwAAQBAJ&pg=PA234|language=en}}</ref> The word is German, meaning "glaucoma-specks".