Editing Glasnevin (section)

==History==

===Foundation===
Glasnevin was reputedly founded by [[Mobhí Clárainech|Saint Mobhi]] (sometimes known as St Berchan) in the sixth (or perhaps fifth) century as a monastery. His monastery continued to be used for many years afterwards – St. Colman is recorded as having paid homage to its founder when he returned from abroad to visit Ireland a century after St Mobhi's death in 544. [[St. Columba]] of [[Iona]] is thought to have studied under St. Mobhi, but left Glasnevin following an outbreak of plague and journeyed north to open the House at Derry; there is a long street (Iona Road) in Glasnevin named in his honour and the church on Iona Road is called Saint Columba's.

===Middle Ages===
A settlement grew up around the monastery, which survived until the Viking invasions in the eighth century. After raids on monasteries at [[Glendalough]] and [[Clondalkin]], the monasteries at Glasnevin and [[Finglas]] were attacked and destroyed.

By 822 Glasnevin, along with [[Grangegorman]] and Clonken or Clonkene (now known as [[Deansgrange]]),<ref>{{cite journal | author = Mac Giolla Phadraig, Brian| title = 14th century life in a Dublin Monastery| journal = Dublin Historical Record| issue = 1 | volume = 3| date = September 1938| pages = 69–72}}</ref> had become parts of the grange (farm) of [[Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin|Christ Church Cathedral]] and it seems to have maintained this connection up to the time of the [[English Reformation|Reformation]].

The [[Battle of Clontarf]] was fought on the banks of the [[River Tolka]] in 1014 (a field called the ''bloody acre'' is supposed to be part of the site). The Irish defeated the Danes in a battle, in which 7,000 Danes and 4,000 Irish died.

The 12th century saw the [[Normans]] (who had conquered England and [[Wales]] in the eleventh century) invade Ireland. As local rulers continued fighting amongst themselves the Norman King of England [[Henry II of England|Henry II]] was invited to intervene. He arrived in 1171, took control of much land, and then parcelled it out amongst his supporters. Glasnevin ended up under the jurisdiction of Finglas Abbey. Later, [[Laurence O'Toole]], Archbishop of Dublin, took responsibility for Glasnevin and it became the property of the Priory of the Most Holy Trinity (Christ Church Cathedral).

In 1240 a church and tower were reconstructed on the site of the Church of St. Mobhi in the monastery. The returns of the church for 1326 stated that 28 tenants resided in Glasnevin. The church was enlarged in 1346, along with a small hall known as the Manor Hall.

===Late Middle Ages===
When King [[Henry VIII]] broke from Rome an era of religious repression began. During the [[Dissolution of the Monasteries]], [[Catholic Church]] property and land were appropriated to the new [[Church of Ireland]], and monasteries (including the one at Glasnevin) were forcibly closed, later falling into ruin. Glasnevin had at this stage developed as a village, with its principal landmark and focal point being its "bull-ring" noted in 1542.

By 1667 Glasnevin had expanded – but not by very much; it is recorded as containing 24 houses. The development of the village was given a fresh impetus when [[Sir John Rogerson]] built his country residence – "The Glen" or "Glasnevin House" – outside the village.

The [[plantations of Ireland]] saw the settlement of [[Protestant]] English families on land previously held by Catholics. Lands at Glasnevin were leased to such families and a Protestant church was erected there in 1707. It was built on the site of the old Catholic Church and was named after St. Mobhi. The church was largely rebuilt in the mid-18th century. The attached churchyard became a graveyard for both Protestants and Catholics. It is said that [[Robert Emmet]] is buried there, this claim being made because once somebody working in the graveyard there dug up a headless body.{{citation needed|date=January 2018}}

===Early modern times===
By now Glasnevin was an area for "families of distinction" – in spite of a comment attributed to the Protestant [[Archbishop of Dublin]], [[William King (bishop)|William King]] that "''when any couple had a mind to be wicked, they would retire to Glasnevin''". In a letter, dated 1725 he described Glasnevin as "''the receptacle for thieves and rogues [..] The first search when anything was stolen, was there, and when any couple had a mind to retire to be wicked there was their harbour. But since the church was built, and service regularly settled, all these evils are banished. Good houses are built in it, and the place civilised.''"<ref>{{cite book | author = Mant, Richard  | author-link = Richard Mant | title = History of the Church of Ireland | date = 1840 }}</ref>  Glasnevin National School was also built during this period.{{citation needed|date=June 2014}}

===19th and 20th centuries===
In the 1830s, the civil parish population was recorded as 1,001, of whom 559 resided in the village. Glasnevin was described as a parish in the barony of [[Coolock (barony)|Coolock]], pleasantly situated and the residence of many families of distinction.<ref>{{cite book | title = Topographical Dictionary of Ireland | url = https://www.libraryireland.com/topog/G/Glasnevin-Coolock-Dublin.php | publisher = Lewis | author = Samuel Lewis | date = 1837 | access-date = 5 May 2020 | archive-date = 1 August 2020 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200801022050/https://www.libraryireland.com/topog/G/Glasnevin-Coolock-Dublin.php | url-status = live }}</ref>

On 1 June 1832, Charles Lindsay, [[Bishop of Kildare and Leighlin]], and William John released their holdings of Sir John Rogerson's lands at Glasnevin, (including Glasnevin House) to George Hayward Lindsay. This transfer included the sum of 1,500 Pounds Sterling. Although this does not specifically cite the marriage of George Hayward Lindsay to Lady Mary Catherine Gore, George Lindsay almost certainly came into possession of the lands at Glasnevin as a result of his marriage.

When Drumcondra began to rapidly expand in the 1870s, the residents of Glasnevin sought to protect their district and opposed being merged with the neighbouring suburb.{{clarify|date=January 2024}} One of the objectors was the property owner, Dr Henry Gogarty, the father of the Irish poet, [[Oliver St. John Gogarty]]. The combined areas of [[Drumcondra, Clonliffe and Glasnevin]] became a separate administrative unit, a township, in 1878.  The township was merged into the City of Dublin in 1900, under the [[Dublin Corporation Act 1900]] ([[63 & 64 Vict.]] c. cclxiv).

George Hayward Lindsay's eldest son, Lieutenant Colonel [[Henry Gore Lindsay]], was in possession of his father's lands at Glasnevin when the area began to be developed at the beginning of the twentieth century. Gradual development of his lands began in 1903/04 but Glasnevin remained relatively undeveloped until the opening up of the Carroll Estate in 1914, which saw the creation of the redbrick residential roads running down towards Drumcondra. The process was accelerated by Dublin Corporation in the 1920s and the present shape of the suburb was in place by 1930.{{Citation needed|date=January 2022}} Among the developers who built estates in the area were [[Alexander Strain]] and his son-in-law [[George Linzell]]. Linzell built the first individual house built in the [[International Style (architecture)|international style]] in Ireland, [[Balnagowan House]], on St. Mobhi Boithrin in the late 1920s.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Harrison|first=Bernice|date=15 July 2019|title=An Irishwoman's Diary on the sad fate of Wendon, 'Dublin's Wonder House'|url=https://www.irishtimes.com/opinion/an-irishwoman-s-diary-on-the-sad-fate-of-wendon-dublin-s-wonder-house-1.3957264|access-date=2022-01-05|newspaper=The Irish Times|language=en}}</ref>

The start of the 20th century also saw the opening of a short-lived railway station on the Drumcondra and North Dublin Link Railway line from Glasnevin Junction to [[Connolly Station]] (then Amiens Street). [[Glasnevin railway station]] opened on 1 April 1901 and closed on 1 December 1910.<ref name="gswr">{{cite web|title=Glasnevin Railway Station|publisher=Eiretrains|url=http://eiretrains.com/Photo_Gallery/Railway%20Stations%20G/Glasnevin/IrishRailwayStations.html | accessdate = 20 October 2021 }}</ref>