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===Family and education=== Seurat was born on 2 December 1859 in Paris, at 60 rue de Bondy (now rue René Boulanger). The Seurat family moved to 136 boulevard de Magenta (now 110 boulevard de Magenta) in 1862 or 1863.<ref name=kmmbio>[[#kmm|Seurat]]: p. 16</ref> His father, Antoine Chrysostome Seurat, originally from [[Champagne, France|Champagne]], was a former legal official who had become wealthy from speculating in property, and his mother, Ernestine Faivre, was from Paris.{{sfn|Georges Seurat, 1859–1891|1991|p=11}} Georges had a brother, Émile Augustin, and a sister, Marie-Berthe, both older. His father lived in [[Le Raincy]] and visited his wife and children once a week at boulevard de Magenta.<ref name="Seurat: p. 17">[[#kmm|Seurat]]: p. 17</ref> Georges Seurat first studied art at the École Municipale de Sculpture et Dessin, near his family's home in the boulevard Magenta, which was run by the sculptor Justin Lequien.<ref name=techbull>{{cite journal|journal=National Gallery Technical Bulletin|volume=24|year=2003|title=Seurat's painting Practice: Theory, Development and Technology|author1=Kirby, Jo |author2=Stonor, Kate |author3=Burnstock, Aviva |author3-link=Aviva Burnstock |author4=Grout, Rachel |author5=Roy, Ashok |author6=White, Raymond }}</ref>{{sfn|Georges Seurat, 1859–1891|1991|p=12}} In 1878, he moved on to the [[École des Beaux-Arts]] where he was taught by [[Henri Lehmann]], and followed a conventional academic training, drawing from casts of antique sculpture and copying drawings by old masters.<ref name=techbull/> Seurat's studies resulted in a well-considered and fertile theory of contrasts: a theory to which all his work was thereafter subjected.<ref>Signac, Paul ''Brief Survey, in Revue Blanche'' Paris 1899</ref> His formal artistic education came to an end in November 1879, when he left the École des Beaux-Arts for a year of military service.{{sfn|Georges Seurat, 1859–1891|1991|p=12}} After a year at the [[Brest Naval Training Centre|Brest Military Academy]], he returned to Paris where he shared a studio with his friend [[Edmond Aman-Jean|Aman-Jean]], while also renting a small apartment at 16 rue de Chabrol.{{sfn|Georges Seurat, 1859–1891|1991|p=11}} For the next two years, he worked at mastering the art of monochrome drawing. His first exhibited work, shown at the [[Salon de Paris|Salon]], of 1883, was a Conté crayon drawing of Aman-Jean.{{sfn|Georges Seurat, 1859–1891|1991|p=48}} He also studied the works of [[Eugène Delacroix]] carefully, making notes on his use of color.<ref name=techbull/>
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