Editing Frederick Barbarossa (section)

===Early life===
Frederick was born in mid-December 1122 in [[Haguenau]],{{sfn|Freed|2016|p=15}} to Duke [[Frederick II of Swabia]] and [[Judith of Bavaria, Duchess of Swabia|Judith of Bavaria]]. His father was from the [[Hohenstaufen]] family, and his mother was from the [[Welf family]], the two most powerful families in Germany. The Hohenstaufens were often called [[Ghibellines]], which derives from the Italianized name for [[Waiblingen]] castle, the family seat in Swabia; the Welfs, in a similar Italianization, were called [[Guelfs]].<ref>{{harvp|Dahmus|1969|pp=300–302}}</ref> Frederick was also a descendant of the [[Salian dynasty]] through his paternal grandmother [[Agnes of Waiblingen|Agnes]] as she was the daughter of [[Emperor Henry IV]] and [[Bertha of Savoy]]. He also had ties to the Salians through his mother [[Judith of Bavaria, Duchess of Swabia|Judith]] as she hailed from [[Emperor Otto II]] and his wife [[Theophanu]]. Therefore, Frederick carried on the bloodline of Emperor [[Otto the Great]] and his wives, [[Eadgyth]] and [[Adelaide of Italy|Adelaide]]. He learned to ride, hunt and use weapons at an early age, but could neither read nor write, and was also unable to speak the [[Latin]] language until later in life.{{sfn|Görich|2015|pp=9–33}} He took part in several ''[[Hoftag]]e'' during the reign of his uncle, [[King Conrad III]], which were a form of informal and irregular assembly popular among the nobles of the Holy Roman Empire. One took place in 1141 in [[Strasbourg]], another in 1142 in [[Konstanz]], 1143 in [[Ulm]], 1144 in [[Würzburg]] and 1145 in [[Worms, Germany|Worms]].