Editing Foreign relations of Panama (section)

==Bilateral relations==
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:100%; margin:auto;"
|-
! style="width:15%;"| Country
! style="width:12%;"| Formal Relations Began
!Notes
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|{{flag|Armenia}}||<!--Date started-->7 August 1998|| 
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|{{flag|Belgium}}||<!--Date started-->15 February 1908|| 
* Belgium has an embassy in Panama City.
* Panama has an embassy in [[Brussels]] and a consulate-general in [[Antwerp]].
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|{{flag|Canada}}||{{dts|11 August 1961}}<ref name="date" />||See [[Canada–Panama relations]]

* Canada has an embassy in Panama City.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.canadainternational.gc.ca/panama/index.aspx?lang=eng| title = Embassy of Canada in Panama City (in English, French and Spanish)| date = 27 May 2021}}</ref>
* Panama has an embassy in [[Ottawa]] and consulates-general in [[Montreal]], [[Toronto]] and [[Vancouver]].<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.embassyofpanama.ca| title = Embassy of Panama in Ottawa (in English and Spanish)}}</ref>
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|{{flag|China}}||{{dts|2 January 1909}}<ref name="date" />||See [[China–Panama relations]] and [[Panama–Taiwan relations]].

Panama established a diplomatic relationship with the [[Qing dynasty]] in 1909. After the [[Xinhai Revolution]], Panama recognized the establishment of the [[Republic of China (1912-49)|Republic of China]] (ROC), and retained diplomatic ties with the ROC until 2017. According to diplomatic cables published by [[WikiLeaks]], in 2009, after President [[Ricardo Martinelli]] took office, Panama wished to switch diplomatic relations from the ROC to the [[People's Republic of China]] (PRC).<ref name=":0" /> This was rejected by the PRC, which did not want to disrupt its improving diplomatic relations with the ROC during the ROC [[Presidency of Ma Ying-jeou]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |url=https://www.foxnews.com/world/wikileaks-china-rejects-panamas-wish-for-ties/ |title=WikiLeaks: China rejects Panama's wish for ties |website=[[Fox News]] |date=27 March 2015}}</ref>

On June 12, 2017, President [[Juan Carlos Varela]] announced that Panama has established a diplomatic relationship with [[People's Republic of China]], and Panama has severed diplomatic relationship with the [[Republic of China (Taiwan)]].<ref name=":1222">{{Cite book |last=Xin |first=Qiang |title=The Taiwan Question in Xi Jinping's Era: Beijing's Evolving Taiwan Policy and Taiwan's Internal and External Dynamics |last2= |first2= |publisher=[[Routledge]] |year=2024 |isbn=9781032861661 |editor-last=Zhao |editor-first=Suisheng |editor-link=Suisheng Zhao |location=London and New York |pages=69 |chapter=Selective Engagement: Mainland China's Dual-Track Taiwan Policy |doi=}}</ref>
* China has an embassy in Panama City.
* Panama has an embassy in [[Beijing]] and consulates-general in [[Hong Kong]],  [[Guangzhou]] and [[Shanghai]].
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|{{flag|Chile}}||1 March 1908<ref name="date" />||

* Chile has an embassy in Panama City.<ref>[https://www.chile.gob.cl/panama/ Embassy of Chile in Panama City]</ref>
* Panama has an embassy in [[Santiago]] and a consulate-general in [[Valparaíso]].<ref>[https://mire.gob.pa/ministerio/embajada-y-consulado/santiago-embajada-de-panama/ Embassy of Panama in Santiago de Chile]</ref>
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|{{flag|Colombia}}||<!--Date started-->9 July 1924||See [[Colombia–Panama relations]]

* Colombia has an embassy in Panama City and consulates in [[Colón, Panama|Colón]], [[Jaqué]] and [[Puerto Obaldía]].
* Panama has an embassy in [[Bogotá]] and a consulate-general in [[Barranquilla]].
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|{{flag|Costa Rica}}||<!--Date started-->29 December 1903||See [[Costa Rica–Panama relations]]

* Panama has an embassy in [[San José, Costa Rica|San José]].
* Costa Rica has an embassy in Panama City and a consulate in [[David, Chiriquí|David]]. 
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|{{flag|France}}||<!--Date started-->18 November 1903|| 
* France has an embassy in Panama City.
* Panama has an embassy in [[Paris]] and a consulate-general in [[Marseille]].
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|{{flag|India}}||{{dts|1 June 1962}}<ref name="date" />||See [[India–Panama relations]]

Panama is the first country in [[Central America]] where India established a resident embassy in 1973. Bilateral commercial and trade relations are steadily growing between India and Panama, with Panama seen as the gateway for expansion into Latin America.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://mea.gov.in/Portal/ForeignRelation/India-Panama_Relations.pdf | title=India-Panama Relations | publisher=[[Ministry of External Affairs (India)|Ministry of External Affairs]] | access-date=15 January 2014 }}</ref>
* India has an embassy in Panama City.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.indianembassyinpanama.com/| title = Indian Embassy in Panama}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = http://mea.gov.in/indian-mission.htm?167/167/0| title = Indian mission in Panama}}</ref>
* Panama has an embassy in [[New Delhi]]<ref>{{cite web| url = http://panama.visahq.in/embassy/india/| title = Panama Embassy in India}}</ref> and a consulate-general in [[Mumbai]].

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|{{flag|Kosovo}}||27 August 2013<ref name="Kosovo">{{cite web|date=27 August 2013|title=Panamá puerta de entrada de Kosovo a América Latina|url=http://mire.gob.pa/noticias/2013/08/27/panama-puerta-de-entrada-de-kosovo-america-latina|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160917222450/http://mire.gob.pa/noticias/2013/08/27/panama-puerta-de-entrada-de-kosovo-america-latina|archive-date=17 September 2016|access-date=17 July 2016|language=es}}</ref>||
Panama officially recognised the independence of the Republic of Kosovo on 16 January 2009.<ref>[http://www.mfa-ks.net/index.php?page=2,4,124 Panama recognised independent state of Kosovo], Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo, 2009-01-16</ref> Kosovo and Panama established diplomatic relations on 27 August 2013, following the establishment of diplomatic relations Kosovo announced it would be opening an embassy in Panama and that this embassy would be Kosovo's 'gateway to Latin America'.<ref>[http://mire.gob.pa/noticias/2013/08/27/panama-puerta-de-entrada-de-kosovo-america-latina Panamá puerta de entrada de Kosovo a América Latina] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160917222450/http://mire.gob.pa/noticias/2013/08/27/panama-puerta-de-entrada-de-kosovo-america-latina |date=2016-09-17 }}, Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores de la República de Panamá, 2013-08-27 (in Spanish)</ref>

Kosovo has an embassy in Panama City.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://ambasada-ks.net/pa/|title=Ministria e Punëve të Jashtme - Ambasada e Republikës së Kosovës në Panama|last=Panama|first=Ministria e Punëve të Jashtme-Ambasada e Republikës së Kosovës në|website=Ministria e Punëve të Jashtme - Ambasada e Republikës së Kosovës në Panama|access-date=2020-01-10}}</ref> Both countries enjoy excellent relationships.
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|{{flag|Mexico}}||29 May 1923<ref name="date" />||See [[Mexico–Panama relations]]

* Mexico has an embassy in Panama City.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://embamex.sre.gob.mx/panama/| title = Embassy of Mexico in Panama City (in Spanish)}}</ref>
* Panama has an embassy in Mexico City and a consulate-general in [[Veracruz, Veracruz|Veracruz City]].<ref>[https://mire.gob.pa/ministerio/embajada-y-consulado/mexico-embajada-de-panama/ Embassy of Panama in Mexico City (in Spanish)]</ref>
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|{{flag|Peru}}||<!--Date started-->2 March 1908||{{main|Panama–Peru relations}}

* Panama has an embassy in [[Lima]].
* Peru has an embassy in Panama City.
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|{{flag|Russia}}||21 November 1903<ref name="date" />||See [[Panama–Russia relations]]

* Panama has an embassy in [[Moscow]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.embapanamarusia.ru/index.php/en/ |title=Embassy of Panama in Moscow (in Spanish) |access-date=2014-11-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180307151229/http://www.embapanamarusia.ru/index.php/en/ |archive-date=2018-03-07 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* Russia has an embassy in Panama city.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.panama.mid.ru/ |title=Embassy of Russia in Panama City (in Russian and Spanish) |access-date=2019-12-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090624054357/http://www.panama.mid.ru/ |archive-date=2009-06-24 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
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|{{flag|Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic}}||1 June 1979<ref name="date" />||See [[Panama–Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic relations]]

Panama was the first Latin American country on recognizing the [[SADR]] in 1978, during the military rule of [[Omar Torrijos]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.elsiglo.com/siglov2/Opinion.php?idnews=33465&idsec=3&fechaz=23-01-2007 |title=Panamá y la república Saharaui |access-date=2010-12-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716055021/http://www.elsiglo.com/siglov2/Opinion.php?idnews=33465&idsec=3&fechaz=23-01-2007 |archive-date=2011-07-16 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Panama also has the oldest [[Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic|Sahrawi]] embassy in [[Latin America]]. Relations were suspended from 20 November 2013 to 7 January 2016;.<ref name="PNMSADR">{{cite web|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201601081008.html|title=Algeria: Sahrawi Embassy in Panama Reopens|date=2016-01-07|access-date=2015-01-13|publisher=AllAfrica}}</ref>

|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Saint Vincent and the Grenadines}}||2006<ref name="date" />||
*Both countries established diplomatic relations on July 17, 2006.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.mire.gob.pa/sites/default/files/documentos/Trasnsparencia/gestion-anual-2011-2012.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2016-07-17 |archive-date=2020-08-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200806131148/https://www.mire.gob.pa/sites/default/files/documentos/Trasnsparencia/gestion-anual-2011-2012.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> 
*Both countries are full members of the [[Organization of American States]].

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|{{flag|Serbia}}||1953<ref name="date" />||
*Both countries have established diplomatic relations in 1953.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.mfa.gov.rs/en/foreign-policy/bilateral-issues/96-bilateral-issues/12343-panama |title=Panama |access-date=2016-12-31 |archive-date=2020-07-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200704080346/http://www.mfa.gov.rs/en/foreign-policy/bilateral-issues/96-bilateral-issues/12343-panama |url-status=dead }}</ref> 
*A number of bilateral agreements have been concluded and are in force between both countries.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.mfa.gov.rs/en/images/stories/bilaterala_ugovori/PANAMA.doc |title=Archived copy |access-date=2016-12-31 |archive-date=2017-01-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170101003619/http://www.mfa.gov.rs/en/images/stories/bilaterala_ugovori/PANAMA.doc |url-status=dead }}</ref>

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|{{flag|South Africa}}||1995<ref name="date" />||
*Both countries established diplomatic relations on 10 January 1995.<ref name="date"/><ref name="dirco.gov.za">{{Cite web|url=http://www.dirco.gov.za/foreign/bilateral/panama.html|title = Panama (Republic of)}}</ref>
* Panama has an embassy [[Pretoria]].
* South Africa is accredited to Panama from its embassy in Lima, Peru.<ref name="dirco.gov.za"/>

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|{{flag|South Korea}}||30 September 1962<ref name="date"/>||See [[Panama–South Korea relations]]
Both countries established diplomatic relations on Sep 30, 1962.

* Panama has an embassy in Seoul.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://search.naver.com/search.naver?where=nexearch&sm=top_sug.pre&fbm=1&acr=1&acq=%EC%A3%BC%ED%95%9C%ED%8C%8C%EB%82%98&qdt=0&ie=utf8&query=%EC%A3%BC%ED%95%9C+%ED%8C%8C%EB%82%98%EB%A7%88+%EB%8C%80%EC%82%AC%EA%B4%80 |title=주한파나마대사관 |language=Korean |trans-title=Embassy of Panama in Korea |date= |website=naver.com}}</ref>
* South Korea has an embassy in Panama City.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://pan.mofa.go.kr/worldlanguage/america/pan/main/index.jsp|title = 주 파나마 대한민국 대사관}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.mofa.go.kr/ENG/countries/latinamerica/countries/20070803/1_24568.jsp?menu=m_30_30 |title=Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Latin America and Caribbean |access-date=2017-07-26 |archive-date=2015-07-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150705024155/http://www.mofa.go.kr/ENG/countries/latinamerica/countries/20070803/1_24568.jsp?menu=m_30_30 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.premiercasa.com/en/panama/panama-guide/korean-embassy-panama-relations|title = Korea-Panama Relations}}</ref>
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|{{flag|Spain}}||10 May 1904<ref name="date" />||See [[Panama–Spain relations]]

* Panama has an embassy in Madrid and consulates-general in [[A Coruña]], [[Barcelona]], [[Las Palmas]] and [[Valencia]].<ref>{{cite web| url = http://espana.panamaemb.gob.pa| title = Embassy of Panama in Madrid (in Spanish)}}</ref>
* Spain has an embassy in Panama City.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.exteriores.gob.es/embajadas/panama/es/Paginas/inicio.aspx| title = Embassy of Spain in Panama City (in Spanish)}}</ref>

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|{{flag|Thailand}}||20 August 1982||
*Both countries established diplomatic relations on 20 August 1982.<ref name="date"/><ref name="dirco.gov.za"/>
* Panama has an embassy in [[Bangkok]].
* Thailand is accredited to Panama from its embassy in Santiago, Chile.<ref name="dirco.gov.za"/>
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|{{flag|Turkey}}||21 September 1950||See [[Panama–Turkey relations]]
* [[Panama]] has an embassy in [[Ankara]].<ref name="mfa.gov.tr">{{Cite web |title=Relations between Turkey and Panama |url=http://www.mfa.gov.tr/relations-between-turkey-panama.en.mfa}}</ref>
*Turkey has an embassy in [[Panama]].<ref name="mfa.gov.tr"/>
*Trade volume between the two countries was US$260.9 million in 2019 (Panamanian exports/imports: 12.1/248.8 million USD).<ref name="mfa.gov.tr"/>
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|{{flag|United Kingdom}}||{{Date table sorting|9 April 1908}}||See [[Foreign relations of the United Kingdom]]

The UK established [[Foreign relations of the United Kingdom|diplomatic relations with the United Kingdom]] on 9 April 1908.
*Panama maintains an embassy in London.
*The United Kingdom is accredited to Panama from its embassy in Panama City.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-panama-city|title=British Embassy Panama City|website=[[gov.uk|GOV.UK]]|access-date=13 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240613110517/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-panama-city|archive-date=13 June 2024|url-status=live}}</ref>
Both countries share common membership of the [[World Trade Organization]], as well as the [[Free trade agreements of the United Kingdom|Central America–UK Trade Continuity Agreement]].<ref>{{cite web|title=UK and Central America sign continuity agreement|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-and-central-america-sign-continuity-agreement|date=18 July 2019|website=GOV.UK|access-date=24 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190718222318/https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-and-central-america-sign-continuity-agreement|archive-date=18 July 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> Bilaterally the two countries have an investment agreement.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bilateral-investment-treaties/2738/panama---united-kingdom-bit-1983-|title=Panama - United Kingdom BIT (1983)|website=[[UN Trade and Development]]|access-date=13 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240227034140/https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bilateral-investment-treaties/2738/panama---united-kingdom-bit-1983-|archive-date=27 February 2024|url-status=live}}</ref>
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|{{flag|United States}}||13 November 1903<br />3 April 1964<ref name="date" />||See [[Panama–United States relations]]

The United States cooperates with the [[Politics of Panama|Panamanian government]] in promoting economic, political, security, and social development through U.S. and international agencies. Cultural ties between the two countries are strong, and many Panamanians go to the United States for [[Tertiary education|higher education]] and advanced training. In 2007, the U.S. and Panama partnered to launch a regional health worker training center. The center provides training to community healthcare workers in Panama and throughout Central America. About 25,000 American citizens reside in Panama, many retirees from the Panama Canal Commission and individuals who hold dual nationality. There is also a rapidly growing enclave of American retirees in the Chiriqui Province in western Panama.
* Panama has an embassy in [[Washington, D.C.]], and consulates-general in [[Houston]], [[Los Angeles]], [[Miami]], [[New Orleans]], [[New York City]], [[Philadelphia]] and [[Tampa]].<ref>[https://www.embassyofpanama.org/ Embassy of Panama in Washington, D.C.]</ref>
* United States has an embassy in Panama City.<ref>[https://pa.usembassy.gov/ Embassy of the United States in Panama City]</ref>
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|{{flag|Uruguay}}||<!--Date started-->28 October 1904||See [[Panama–Uruguay relations]]

* Panama has an embassy in [[Montevideo]].
* Uruguay has an embassy in Panama City.
|-
|{{flag|Venezuela}}
|1717
|See [[Panama–Venezuela relations]]
|}