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===Settlement through Antebellum period=== [[File:Fayetteville, Arkansas circa 1887.jpg|left|thumb|Fayetteville, {{c.}} 1887]] In 1828, George McGarrah settled at Big Spring with his family on the modern day corner of Spring and Willow, founding the town of Washington, and starting work on the courthouse. On October 17, [[Washington County, Arkansas|Washington County]] was established, Washington chosen as the county seat. The Washington Courthouse was finished in 1829, and also contained the post office. Later in the year Postmaster Larkin Newton changed the name to the Fayetteville Courthouse, to avoid confusing with [[Washington, Arkansas|Washington]], [[Hempstead County, Arkansas|Hempstead County]].<ref>{{cite web|last1=Adison|first1=Charlie|title=Timeline β 1820s|url=http://www.fayettevillehistory.org/1820s/|website=Fayetteville History|access-date=August 25, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305221856/http://www.fayettevillehistory.org/1820s/|archive-date=March 5, 2016|quote=Because of confusion arising from another Arkansas town in Hempstead County already being named Washington, the postmaster general orders Washington Courthouse to be renamed.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book | last = Deane | first = Ernie | author-link = Ernie Deane | title = Arkansas Place Names | publisher = The Ozarks Mountaineer | year = 1986 | location = Branson, Missouri | page = 83 | oclc = 14961821 }}</ref> Two councilmen selected to name the city were from [[Fayetteville, Tennessee]], which was itself named for [[Fayetteville, North Carolina|Fayetteville]], [[North Carolina]] (where some of its earliest residents had lived before moving to Tennessee). That original Fayetteville was named for [[Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette|General Lafayette]], a [[French Armed Forces|French]] general who helped the colonies gain independence in the [[American Revolutionary War]]. The first store in Fayetteville was opened by John Nye in a small building constructed by James Holmsley. In 1832 [[David Walker (Arkansas politician)|David Walker]], Chief Justice of the [[Arkansas Supreme Court]], built a double log cabin on what is now Center Street. In 1822 [[Archibald Yell]], the second Governor of Arkansas, built a house and called it "Waxhaw" after his home in [[North Carolina]]. The house was on the outskirts of town then but now the area has a street named after him which connects College and School streets. The first hotels were the Burnside House and the Onstott House. Fayetteville was incorporated as a town on November 3, 1836. In 1859, a city charter was obtained from the Legislature. During the [[American Civil War]] the municipal government was suspended and was not reinstated until 1867. P.V. Rhea was the president of the town trustees in 1836; J.W. Walker was the first mayor under the charter of 1859, and M.L. Harrison was the first mayor when the government was reorganized in 1867. The [[telegraph]] came to Fayetteville in 1860, strung along [[Old Wire Road|Military Road]] from [[St. Louis, Missouri]], to [[Little Rock, Arkansas]].<ref name="fh86">{{cite web|last1=Adison|first1=Charlie|title=Timeline β 1860s|url=http://fayettevillehistory.typepad.com/main//1860s/|website=fayettevillehistory.org|access-date=August 25, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090209215147/http://fayettevillehistory.typepad.com/main/1860s/|archive-date=February 9, 2009|quote=First telegraph line is strung by the Stebbins Telegraph Co. from Jefferson City along the old military road, through Fayetteville and into Fort Smith.}}</ref>
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