Editing Executive Order 9066 (section)

==Background to the Order==
Originating from a proclamation that was signed on the day of the [[Pearl Harbor attack]], December 7, 1941, Executive Order 9066 was enacted by President Franklin Delano Roosevelt to strictly regulate the actions of Japanese Americans in the United States.<ref name="Takei-2019">{{Cite book |last=Takei |first=George |title=They Called Us Enemy |publisher=Top Shelf Productions |year=2019 |edition=1st |publication-date=July 16, 2019 |pages=16–22}}</ref> At this point, Japanese Americans were not allowed to apply for citizenship in the United States, despite having lived in the United States for generations. This proclamation declared all Japanese American adults as the "alien enemy," resulting in strict travel bans and mass xenophobia toward Asian Americans. Tensions rose in the United States, ultimately causing President Roosevelt to sign Executive Order 9066 on February 19, 1942.<ref name="Takei-2019" />

The Order was consistent with Roosevelt's long-time racial views toward Japanese Americans. During the 1920s, for example, he had written articles in the ''[[Macon Telegraph]]'' opposing white-Japanese intermarriage for fostering "the mingling of Asiatic blood with European or American blood" and praising California's ban on land ownership by the first-generation Japanese. In 1936, while president he privately wrote that, in regard to contacts between Japanese sailors and the local Japanese American population in the event of war, "every Japanese citizen or non-citizen on the Island of Oahu who meets these Japanese ships or has any connection with their officers or men should be secretly but definitely identified and his or her name placed on a special list of those who would be the first to be placed in a concentration camp." In addition, during the crucial period after Pearl Harbor the president had failed to speak out for the rights of Japanese Americans despite the urgings of advisors such as [[John Franklin Carter]]. During the same period, Roosevelt rejected the recommendations of Attorney General [[Francis Biddle]] and other top advisors, who opposed the incarceration of Japanese Americans.<ref>{{cite book | last=Beito | first=David T. | title=The New Deal's War on the Bill of Rights: The Untold Story of FDR's Concentration Camps, Censorship, and Mass Surveillance | edition=First | pages=165–173| location=Oakland | publisher=Independent Institute | year=2023 | isbn=978-1-59813-356-1}}</ref>