Editing Emil Jannings (section)

==Career==
[[File:Antigone By Walter Hasenclever.jpeg|thumb|upright|Jannings as Kreon in [[Walter Hasenclever|Hasenclever]]'s ''Antigone'', [[Großes Schauspielhaus]], 1920]]
Jannings was a theater actor who went into films, though he remained dissatisfied with the limited expressive possibilities in the silent era. Having signed a contract with the [[Universum Film AG|UFA]] production company, he starred in ''[[Die Augen der Mumie Ma]]'' (''The Eyes of the Mummy'', 1918) and ''[[Madame DuBarry (1919 film)|Madame DuBarry]]'' (1919), both with [[Pola Negri]] in the main female part. He also performed in the 1922 film version of ''[[Othello (1922 film)|Othello]]'' and in [[F. W. Murnau]]'s 1924 film ''[[The Last Laugh (1924 film)|The Last Laugh]]'' (''Der Letzte Mann''), as a proud but aged hotel doorman who is demoted to a restroom attendant. Jannings worked with Murnau on two other films; playing the title character in ''[[Tartuffe (1926 film)|Tartuffe]]'' (''Herr Tartüff'', 1925), and as [[Mephistopheles]] in ''[[Faust (1926 film)|Faust]]'' (1926).

===United States===
His increasing popularity enabled Jannings to sign an agreement with [[Paramount Pictures]] and eventually follow his acting colleagues Lubitsch and Negri to [[Hollywood (film industry)|Hollywood]]. His first film there, ''[[The Way of All Flesh (1927 film)|The Way of All Flesh]]'', directed by [[Victor Fleming]] and now [[lost film|lost]], was released in 1927, and in the following year he performed in [[Josef von Sternberg]]'s ''[[The Last Command (1928 film)|The Last Command]]''. In 1929, Jannings won the first [[Academy Award for Best Actor|Best Actor]] [[Academy Awards|Oscar]] for his work in both films. He and Sternberg also cooperated in ''[[Street of Sin]]'' (1928), though they actually differed about Jannings' acting in front of the camera.

His Hollywood career came to an end with the advent of [[talkies]] as his thick German accent was difficult to understand. His dialogue was initially dubbed by another actor in the part-talkie ''[[The Patriot (1928 film)|The Patriot]]'' (1928) directed by Ernst Lubitsch, although Jannings' own voice was restored after he objected. Returning to Europe, he starred opposite [[Marlene Dietrich]] in the 1930 film ''[[The Blue Angel (1930 movie)|The Blue Angel]]'', which was filmed simultaneously in [[English language|English]] with its German version ''[[Der blaue Engel]]''.

According to [[Susan Orlean]], author of ''Rin Tin Tin: The Life and The Legend'', Jannings was not actually the winner of the first best actor vote, but the runner-up. While researching her book, Orlean thought she discovered that it was in fact [[Rin Tin Tin]], the [[German Shepherd dog]], one of the biggest movie stars of his time, who won the vote. The Academy, however, worried about not being taken seriously if they gave the first Oscar to a dog, chose to award the Oscar to the human runner-up.<ref>{{cite web|first=Mike Jr.|last=Fleming|url=https://deadline.com/2012/01/susan-orlean-throw-rin-tin-tin-a-bone-and-give-back-the-poochs-best-actor-oscar-195692/|title=Susan Orlean: Throw Rin Tin Tin A Bone & Give Back The Pooch's Best Actor Oscar|website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]|date=3 January 2012}}</ref> However, this story has been labeled as absolutely not true by other sources.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thewrap.com/rin-tin-tin-oscar-win-first-best-actor/|title=No, Rin Tin Tin Didn't Really Win the First Best Actor Oscar|date=15 February 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/which-best-actor-winner-allegedly-once-shouted-dont-shoot-i-have-won-an-oscar-4146311/|title=Which Best Actor Winner Allegedly Once Shouted, "Don't Shoot. I Have Won an Oscar"?|first=Hadley|last=Meares|website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]] |date=16 March 2021}}</ref>

In 1960, Jannings was posthumously honored with a star on the [[Hollywood Walk of Fame]] at 1630 Vine Street for his contribution to motion pictures.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.walkoffame.com/emil-jannings |title=Walk of Fame Stars-Emil Jannings |website=Hollywood Chamber of Commerce/Walk of Fame|date=25 October 2019 }}</ref>

===Nazi Germany===
[[File:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-1984-0321-506, St. Wolfgang, Goebbels und Emil Jannings.jpg|thumb|Jannings with [[Joseph Goebbels]] on [[Wolfgangsee]], 1938]]

After the Nazi [[Machtergreifung|seizure of power]] in 1933, Jannings continued his career in the service of [[Nazism and cinema|Nazi cinema]]. In [[Nazi Germany]], he starred in several films that were intended to promote [[Nazism]], particularly the ''[[Führerprinzip]]'' by presenting unyielding historical characters, such as ''[[Der alte und der junge König]]'' (''The Old and the Young King'' 1934), ''[[Der Herrscher]]'' (''The Ruler'' 1937) directed by [[Veit Harlan]], ''[[Robert Koch (film)|Robert Koch]]'' (1939), ''[[Ohm Krüger]]'' (''Uncle Kruger'', 1941) and ''[[Die Entlassung]]'' (''Bismarck's Dismissal'', 1942).<ref name="imdb"/> He also performed in his role in ''[[The Broken Jug (film)|The Broken Jug]]'' directed by [[Gustav Ucicky]]. Minister of Propaganda [[Joseph Goebbels]] named Jannings an "Artist of the State" (''[[Staatsschauspieler]]'')<ref>{{cite book|last1=Welch|first1=David|title=Propaganda and the German Cinema, 1933-1945|date=2001|publisher=I.B.Tauris|isbn=9781860645204|pages=117|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UEQJAcyUoIgC&pg=PA117}}</ref>

The shooting of his last film ''Wo ist Herr Belling?'' was aborted when troops of the [[Allies of World War II|Allied Powers]] entered Germany in spring 1945. Jannings reportedly carried his Oscar statuette with him as proof of his former association with Hollywood. However, his active role in [[Nazi propaganda]] meant that he was subject to [[denazification]], effectively ending his career.

In the same period Dietrich became a US citizen and an influential anti-Nazi activist, spending much of the war entertaining troops on the front lines and broadcasting on behalf of the [[Office of Strategic Services|OSS]]. Dietrich particularly loathed Jannings for his Nazi ties, and would later refer to her former co-star as a "[[Overacting|ham]]".<ref>''[[Marlene (1984 film)|Marlene]]'' (1984)</ref>

After the war with his reputation stained by his work with the Nazi government, he never worked as an actor again.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/features/best-actor-oscar-winner-nazi-emil-jannings-b2509263.html | title=The Nazi who won the Oscars' first ever Best Actor award | website=[[Independent.co.uk]] | date=8 March 2024 }}</ref>

===Death===
[[File:Friedhof St Wolfgang im Salzkammergut - Emil Jannings.JPG|thumb|upright|Emil Jannings' grave at St Wolfgang im Salzkammergut]]
Jannings retired to [[Strobl]] near [[Salzburg]], Austria, and became an Austrian citizen in 1947.<ref name="Times51580"/> He died in 1950, aged 65, from [[liver cancer]].<ref>[http://www.chroniknet.de/daly_de.0.html?year=1950&month=01&day=02 Chroniknet.de], Obituary for Emil Jannings (2 January 1950), chroniknet.de]; accessed 26 October 2014.</ref> He is buried in the [[St. Wolfgang im Salzkammergut|St. Wolfgang]] cemetery. His Best Actor Oscar is now on display at the [[Filmmuseum Berlin|Berlin Filmmuseum]].