Editing Eddie Vedder (section)

==Career==
In 1984, Vedder returned to San Diego with his girlfriend [[Beth Liebling]] and his friend Frank. While living in the [[San Diego]] area, Vedder recorded [[Demo (music)|demo tape]]s at his home and worked various jobs, including as a contracted security guard at the La Valencia Hotel in [[La Jolla]].<ref>Donoho, Ron. [http://www.sandiegomagazine.com/media/San-Diego-Magazine/February-2001/La-Valencia-Hotel/ "La Valencia Hotel"] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110724040157/http://www.sandiegomagazine.com/media/San-Diego-Magazine/February-2001/La-Valencia-Hotel/ |date=July 24, 2011 }}. ''[[San Diego Magazine]]''. February 2001.</ref> Vedder had several stints in San Diego area bands, including Surf and Destroy and the Butts.<ref name="Greene, Jo-Ann"/> One of those bands, called Indian Style,<ref>Cross, Alan. [http://www.ongoinghistory.com/oghonm/ongoing_history_of_new_music.cfm?rem=23211&pge=1&arc=2 "Alt-Rock's Greatest Rhythm Sections – Seg. 2"] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081206031010/http://www.ongoinghistory.com/oghonm/ongoing_history_of_new_music.cfm?rem=23211&pge=1&arc=2 |date=December 6, 2008 }}. ongoinghistory.com.</ref> included future [[Rage Against the Machine]] and [[Audioslave]] drummer [[Brad Wilk]].<ref>Bad Radio – I BelievePatrick. [https://web.archive.org/web/20031230213125/http://www.digital-noise.net/interviews/audioslave.php "IntBad Radio – I Believeerview with Brad Wilk, Drummer for Audioslave"]. digital-noise.net. 2003.</ref> 

In 1988, Vedder became the vocalist for [[Bad Radio]], a San Diego–based progressive [[funk rock]] band. The band's original incarnation was influenced by [[Duran Duran]]; however, after Vedder joined, the band moved to a more [[alternative rock]] sound influenced in part by the [[Red Hot Chili Peppers]].<ref>[[Colapinto, John]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20080328043111/http://www.rollingstone.com/news/story/5937954/cover_story_pearl_jams_mystery_man/2 "Pearl Jam's Mystery Man"]. ''[[Rolling Stone (magazine)|Rolling Stone]]''. November 28, 1996.</ref>

===Temple of the Dog===
{{Main|Temple of the Dog}}
In the 1980s, Vedder worked part time as a night clerk at a local [[Filling station|gas station]].<ref>Farley, Christopher John. [https://web.archive.org/web/20081014224955/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1825138,00.html "Rock's Anxious Rebels"]. ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]''. October 25, 1993.</ref> Through the Southern California music scene, Vedder met former [[Red Hot Chili Peppers]] drummer [[Jack Irons]], who became a friend and would play basketball with him.<ref>Wall, Mick. "Alive". ''Nirvana and the Story of Grunge''. ''[[Q (magazine)|Q]]'' p. 95</ref> Later in 1990, Irons gave him the demo tape of a [[Seattle]] band looking for a singer. Vedder listened to the tape shortly before going [[surfing]], where lyrics came to him.<ref name="crowe">{{cite magazine | last = Crowe | first = Cameron | url = https://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/pearl-jam-five-against-the-world-19931028 | title = Five Against the World | magazine = [[Rolling Stone]] | date = October 28, 1993 | access-date = June 23, 2007 }}</ref> He wrote lyrics for three of the songs in what he later described as a "mini-opera" entitled ''Momma-Son''. The songs tell the story of a young man who, like Vedder, learns that he had been lied to about his paternity and that his real father is dead, grows up to become a serial killer, and is eventually imprisoned and sentenced to death.<ref name="crowe"/> Vedder recorded vocals for the three songs, and mailed the demo tape back to Seattle. The three songs would later become Pearl Jam's "[[Alive (Pearl Jam song)|Alive]]", "[[Once (Pearl Jam song)|Once]]", and "Footsteps".

After hearing Vedder's tape, former [[Mother Love Bone]] members [[Stone Gossard]] and [[Jeff Ament]] invited Vedder to come to Seattle to audition for their new band. They were instantly impressed with his unique sound. At the time, Gossard and Ament were working on the [[Temple of the Dog]] project founded by [[Soundgarden]]'s [[Chris Cornell]] as a musical tribute to Mother Love Bone's frontman [[Andrew Wood (singer)|Andrew Wood]], who died of a heroin overdose at age 24. Soundgarden drummer [[Matt Cameron]] and newcomer [[Mike McCready]] were also a part of the project. The song "[[Hunger Strike (song)|Hunger Strike]]" became a duet between Cornell and Vedder. Cornell later said that Vedder "sang half of that song not even knowing that I'd wanted the part to be there and he sang it exactly the way I was thinking about doing it, just instinctively."<ref name="Fivehorizons.com - KISW 99.9 FM: Seattle, Radio Interview by Damon Stewart in The New Music Hour with Chris Cornell, Jeff Ament and Stone Gossard">{{cite web|title=KISW 99.9 FM: Seattle, Radio Interview by Damon Stewart in The New Music Hour with Chris Cornell, Jeff Ament and Stone Gossard|author=Nicholls, Justin|publisher=Fivehorizons.com|url=http://www.fivehorizons.com/archive/articles/radio041491.shtml|access-date=October 3, 2007|date=April 14, 1991}}</ref> 

Vedder also provided background vocals on several other Temple of the Dog songs. In April 1991, ''[[Temple of the Dog (album)|Temple of the Dog]]'' was released by [[A&M Records]]. "Hunger Strike" became Temple of the Dog's breakout single; it was also Vedder's first featured vocal on a record.<ref>{{cite magazine|title=Chris Cornell: Inside Soundgarden, Audioslave Singer's Final Days|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|author=David Fricke|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/features/chris-cornell-david-fricke-on-soundgarden-singer-final-days-w484560|access-date=May 30, 2017|date=May 29, 2017}}</ref> "I really like hearing that song. I feel like I could be real proud of it –  because one, I didn't write it, and two, it was such a nice way to be ushered onto vinyl for the first time. I'm indebted to Chris (Cornell) time eternal for being invited onto that track", Vedder said in 2009.<ref>{{cite book 
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eTg4whS9ClUC |title=Book ''Grunge Is Dead: The Oral History of Seattle Rock Music'', 2009 |isbn=9781554903474 |last1=Prato |first1=Greg |date=December 15, 2010 |publisher=ECW Press }}</ref> In the 2011 documentary ''[[Pearl Jam Twenty]]'', Vedder said, "That was the first time I heard myself on a real record. It could be one of my favorite songs that I've ever been on – or the most meaningful."<ref>{{cite news|title=How Temple of the Dog Helped Members of Soundgarden and Pearl Jam Mourn a Friend|publisher=Ultimate Classic Rock|author=Jeff Giles|url=http://ultimateclassicrock.com/temple-of-the-dog-album/|access-date=May 30, 2017|date=April 16, 2016}}</ref> Vedder and Cornell performed the song together for the last time on October 26, 2014, at a benefit for [[Bridge School (California)|Bridge School]].<ref>{{cite magazine|title=Flashback: Chris Cornell, Eddie Vedder's Final 'Hunger Strike' Duet|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|author=Andy Greene|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/watch-chris-cornell-eddie-vedders-final-hunger-strike-duet-w483766|access-date=May 30, 2017|date=May 23, 2017}}</ref>

===Pearl Jam===
{{Main|Pearl Jam}}
[[File:Eddie Vedder on 1993 cover of TIME.jpg|thumb|Vedder on the cover of the October 25, 1993, issue of ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'' as part of a feature article on the rising popularity of the [[grunge]] movement<ref>Marks, Craig. "Let's Get Lost". ''[[Spin (magazine)|Spin]]''. December 1994.</ref>]]
[[File:Eddie Vedder and Pearl Jam in concert in Italy 2006.jpg|thumb|Vedder in September 2006]]
[[Pearl Jam]], initially called Mookie Blaylock after the former [[National Basketball Association]] [[Mookie Blaylock|player of the same name]], was formed in 1990 by [[Jeff Ament]], [[Stone Gossard]], and [[Mike McCready]],<ref name="crowe"/> who then recruited Vedder as lead singer but hired and fired three different drummers.<ref name="Greene, Jo-Ann"/><ref>The three early drummers were: [[Dave Krusen]] until May 1991 followed by [[Matt Chamberlain]] for a few shows and the "Alive" video followed by [[Dave Abbruzzese]].</ref><ref name="peiken">{{cite magazine | url=https://pearljamhistory.no.sapo.pt/PJArticles_Interviews_12-xx-93_-_modern_drummer.htm | title=Dave Abbruzzese of Pearl Jam | access-date=July 1, 2007 | author=Peiken, Matt | magazine=[[Modern Drummer]] | date=December 1993 | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721191329/http://pearljamhistory.no.sapo.pt/PJArticles_Interviews_12-xx-93_-_modern_drummer.htm | archive-date=July 21, 2011 | df=mdy-all }}</ref> The band was forced to change its name when they signed to [[Epic Records]] in 1991, becoming Pearl Jam, and instead naming their debut album ''[[Ten (Pearl Jam album)|Ten]]'' after Blaylock's jersey number.

''Ten'' became one of the best-selling albums of the 1990s, being certified 13× Platinum. The single "[[Jeremy (song)|Jeremy]]" received [[Grammy Award]] nominations for [[Grammy Award for Best Rock Song|Best Rock Song]] and [[Grammy Award for Best Hard Rock Performance|Best Hard Rock Performance]] in 1993.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://archive.seattletimes.com/archive/19930107/1678641/clapton-tops-list-of-grammy-nominations |title=Clapton Tops List of Grammy Nominations |newspaper=[[The Seattle Times]] |access-date=August 3, 2008 |date=January 7, 1993 |archive-date=May 19, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110519101016/http://community.seattletimes.nwsource.com/archive/?date=19930107&slug=1678641 |url-status=live }}</ref> Pearl Jam received four awards at the 1993 [[MTV Video Music Awards]] for its music video for "Jeremy", including [[MTV Video Music Award for Video of the Year|Video of the Year]] and [[MTV Video Music Award for Best Group|Best Group Video]].<ref name="MTV Award">{{cite web| url=http://www.mtv.com/ontv/vma/1993/ | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080828202646/http://www.mtv.com/ontv/vma/1993/ | url-status=dead | archive-date=August 28, 2008 |title=1993 Video Music Awards |publisher=[[MTV]].com |access-date=August 2, 2008}}</ref> ''Ten'' ranks number 209 on ''Rolling Stone'' magazine's list of the [[Rolling Stone's 500 Greatest Albums of All Time|500 greatest albums of all time]],<ref name="500greatest">{{cite magazine |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/500-greatest-albums-of-all-time-156826/ |title=The 500 Greatest Albums of All Time |date=May 31, 2012 |access-date=May 26, 2020 |magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]}}</ref> and "Jeremy" was ranked number 11 on [[VH1]]'s list of the 100 greatest songs of the '90s.<ref name="greatest90s">{{cite web |url=http://www.vh1.com/shows/dyn/the_greatest/127759/episode_featured_copy.jhtml |publisher=[[VH1]] |title=VH1: 100 Greatest Songs of the '90s |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071216020506/http://www.vh1.com/shows/dyn/the_greatest/127759/episode_featured_copy.jhtml |archive-date=December 16, 2007|url-status=dead |access-date=May 26, 2020}}</ref>

Following an intense touring schedule, the band recorded its second studio album, ''[[Vs. (Pearl Jam album)|Vs.]]'', which was released in 1993. Upon its release, ''Vs.'' set the record at the time for most copies of an album sold in a week,<ref>{{cite magazine | url=https://ew.com/article/1993/11/19/pearls-jam/| title=Pearl's Jam | access-date=November 9, 2019 | magazine=[[Entertainment Weekly]] | date=November 19, 1993 | first=Nisid | last=Hajari}}</ref> and spent five weeks at number one on the [[Billboard 200|''Billboard'' 200]]. ''Vs.'' was nominated for a [[Grammy Award for Best Rock Album]] in 1995.<ref name="latimes">{{cite news
  | url = http://theenvelope.latimes.com/factsheets/awardsdb/env-awards-db-search,0,7169155.htmlstory?searchtype=all&query=pearl+jam
  | title = Awards Database
  | newspaper = [[Los Angeles Times]]
  | access-date = August 2, 2008}}</ref> From ''Vs.'', the song "[[Daughter (song)|Daughter]]" received a Grammy nomination for [[Grammy Award for Best Rock Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal|Best Rock Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal]] and the song "[[Go (Pearl Jam song)|Go]]" received a Grammy nomination for Best Hard Rock Performance.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=990CE2DD113CF935A15751C0A963958260 |title=POP VIEW; Playing Grammy Roulette |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |author=Pareles, Jon |access-date=August 3, 2008 | date=February 26, 1995}}</ref>

Feeling the pressures of success, with much of the burden of Pearl Jam's popularity falling on Vedder,<ref name="crowe"/> the band decided to decrease the level of promotion for its albums, including refusing to release music videos.<ref>Ashare, Matt. "The Sweet Smell of (Moderate) Success". [[CMJ]]. July 2000.</ref> Vedder's issue with fame came from what he stated as "what happens when a lot of these people start thinking you can change their lives or save their lives or whatever and create these impossible fuckin' expectations that in the end just start tearing you apart."<ref>Jones, Allan. "I'm Not Your Fuckin' Messiah". ''[[Melody Maker]]''. May 21, 1994.</ref> In 1994, the band began a much-publicized boycott of [[Ticketmaster]], which lasted for three years and limited the band's ability to tour in the United States.<ref>DeRogatis, Jim. ''Milk It!: Collected Musings on the Alternative Music Explosion of the 90's''. Cambridge: Da Capo, 2003. {{ISBN|0-306-81271-1}}, pg. 58</ref> Vedder faced what he called a "pretty intense stalker problem" during the mid-1990s. Vedder would refer to the issue in the song "Lukin" from ''[[No Code]]''.<ref name="tenpast">{{cite web|author1=Eric Weisbard |author2=Jessica Letkemann |author3=Ann Powers |author4=Chris Norris |author5=William Van Meter |author6=Will Hermes|url=http://www.fivehorizons.com/archive/articles/spin801.shtml|title=Ten Past Ten|work=[[Spin (magazine)|Spin]]|date=August 2001}}</ref>

Later that same year the band released its third studio album, ''[[Vitalogy]]'', which became the band's third straight album to reach multi-platinum status. On the album, Vedder was featured more extensively on rhythm guitar, and also provided back up vocals and some drumming. The pressure of fame is a common theme of Vedder's songs on the album.<ref>Weisel, Al. "Pearl Jam: Vitalogy". ''[[Rolling Stone]]''. December 15, 1994. p. 91–92.</ref> The album received Grammy nominations for [[Grammy Award for Album of the Year|Album of the Year]] and Best Rock Album in 1996.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9E05EFDA1239F936A35752C0A960958260&sec=&spon=&pagewanted=all |title=New Faces in Grammy Nominations |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |author=Strauss, Neil |access-date=August 3, 2008 | date=January 5, 1996}}</ref> ''Vitalogy'' was ranked 485th on ''Rolling Stone'' magazine's list of the 500 greatest albums of all time.<ref name="500greatest"/> The lead single "[[Spin the Black Circle]]" won a Grammy Award in 1996 for Best Hard Rock Performance.<ref name="latimes"/> Although [[Dave Abbruzzese]] performed on the album ''Vitalogy'', he was fired in August 1994, four months before the album was released.<ref name="tenpast"/> The band cited political differences between Abbruzzese and the other members; for example, he disagreed with the Ticketmaster boycott.<ref name="tenpast"/> He was replaced by Jack Irons, a close friend of Vedder and the former and original drummer of the Red Hot Chili Peppers.<ref name="Greene, Jo-Ann"/> 

The band subsequently released ''[[No Code]]'' in 1996 and ''[[Yield (album)|Yield]]'' in 1998. In 1998, prior to Pearl Jam's U.S. [[Yield Tour]], Irons left the band due to dissatisfaction with touring.<ref name="offhegoes">{{cite magazine | url=https://www.rollingstone.com/artists/pearljam/articles/story/5928493/off_he_goes | title=Off He Goes | access-date=June 28, 2007 | author=Fischer, Blair R | magazine=[[Rolling Stone]] | date=April 17, 1998 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071002115935/http://www.rollingstone.com/artists/pearljam/articles/story/5928493/off_he_goes | archive-date=October 2, 2007 | url-status=dead }}</ref> Pearl Jam enlisted former Soundgarden drummer Matt Cameron as Irons' replacement on an initially temporary basis,<ref name="offhegoes"/> but he soon became the permanent replacement for Irons. "[[Do the Evolution]]" (from ''Yield'') received a Grammy nomination for Best Hard Rock Performance.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.cnn.com/SHOWBIZ/specials/1999/grammys/bigpicture.html |title=41st annual Grammy nominees and winners |publisher=[[CNN]].com |access-date=August 3, 2008 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080613094347/http://www.cnn.com/SHOWBIZ/specials/1999/grammys/bigpicture.html |archive-date = June 13, 2008}}</ref> Vedder described Pearl Jam's approach in 1998, saying "We've had the luxury of writing our own job description...and that description has basically been cut down to just one line: make music."<ref name="Robinson">Robinson, John. "It's Getting Vedder (Man!)". ''[[NME]]''. January 17, 1998.</ref>

In 1998, Pearl Jam recorded "[[Last Kiss]]", a cover of a 1960s ballad made famous by [[J. Frank Wilson and the Cavaliers]]. It was released on the band's 1998 fan club Christmas single; however, by popular demand, the cover was released to the public as a single in 1999. "Last Kiss" peaked at number two on the ''Billboard'' charts and became the band's highest-charting single.

In 2000, the band released its sixth studio album, ''[[Binaural (album)|Binaural]]'', and initiated a successful and ongoing series of [[Pearl Jam Official Bootlegs|official bootlegs]]. The band released seventy-two such live albums in 2000 and 2001, and set a record for most albums to debut in the ''Billboard'' 200 at the same time.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://music.yahoo.com/read/news/12055527 |title=Pearl Jam Breaks Its Own Chart Record |access-date=June 28, 2007 |author=Davis, Darren |publisher=[[Yahoo!|Yahoo! Music]] |date=March 7, 2001 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060912100129/http://music.yahoo.com/read/news/12055527 |archive-date=September 12, 2006 }}</ref> "[[Grievance (song)|Grievance]]" (from ''Binaural'') received a Grammy nomination for Best Hard Rock Performance.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1439384/20010214/pearl_jam.jhtml | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20010223215253/http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1439384/20010214/pearl_jam.jhtml | url-status=dead | archive-date=February 23, 2001 |title=Pearl Jam DVD Compiles Tour Footage |publisher=[[MTV]].com |author=Moss, Corey |access-date=August 3, 2008}}</ref> The band released its seventh studio album, ''[[Riot Act (album)|Riot Act]]'', in 2002. Pearl Jam's contribution to the 2003 film ''[[Big Fish]],'' titled "[[Man of the Hour]]," was nominated for a [[Golden Globe Award]] in 2004.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.goldenglobes.org/nominations/year/2003 |title=Golden Globes Nominations & Winners |publisher=goldenglobes.org |access-date=February 20, 2008 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080201120641/http://www.goldenglobes.org/nominations/year/2003 |archive-date = February 1, 2008}}</ref> The band's eighth studio album, the self-titled ''[[Pearl Jam (album)|Pearl Jam]]'', was released in 2006. The band released its ninth studio album, ''[[Backspacer]]'', in 2009, its tenth studio album, ''[[Lightning Bolt (Pearl Jam album)|Lightning Bolt]]'', in 2013, its eleventh studio album, ''[[Gigaton (Pearl Jam album)|Gigaton]]'', in 2020, and its twelfth studio album, ''[[Dark Matter (Pearl Jam album)|Dark Matter]]'', in 2024.

Vedder uses the pseudonym "Jerome Turner" on Pearl Jam records for his non-musical contributions<ref>{{Cite magazine |date=February 9, 2015 |title=Grammy Awards 2015: The Complete Winners List |url=https://au.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/grammy-awards-2015-the-complete-winners-list-584/ |magazine=Rolling Stone}}</ref> such as design and artwork.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Jerome Turner - Credits |url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/jerome-turner-mn0001827253/credits |website=All Music}}</ref> He has also used the pseudonym "Wes C. Addle" ("West Seattle").<ref>{{Cite magazine |date=August 2001 |title=Reviews - Wellwater Conspiracy: The Scroll And Its Combinations |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kioEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA92 |magazine=CMJ New Music Monthly |page=92}}</ref>