Editing East Coast hip-hop (section)

==History==
===1973–1986: Emergence===
{{Main|Roots of hip hop|Old-school hip-hop|New-school hip-hop}}
{{see also|The Bridge Wars}}
East Coast hip-hop is occasionally referred to as New York rap due to its origins and development at block parties thrown in New York City during the 1970s.<ref name="Adaso">Adaso, Henry. [http://rap.about.com/od/genresstyles/p/EastCoastRap.htm What Is East Coast Hip-Hop] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161224014423/http://rap.about.com/od/genresstyles/p/EastCoastRap.htm |date=December 24, 2016 }}. [[About.com]]. Retrieved on March 1, 2009.</ref> According to [[AllMusic]], "At the dawn of the hip-hop era, all rap was East Coast rap."<ref name="Allmusic">[{{AllMusic|class=style|id=east-coast-rap-ma0000002563|pure_url=yes}} Genre: East Coast Rap]. [[AllMusic]]. Retrieved on March 1, 2009.</ref> Leading up to hip-hop, there were spoken-word artists such as [[the Last Poets]] who released [[The Last Poets (album)|their debut album]] in 1970, and [[Gil Scott-Heron]], who gained a wide audience with his 1971 track "[[The Revolution Will Not Be Televised]]". These artists combined spoken word and music to create a kind of "proto-rap" vibe.<ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/music/2018/jun/06/jalal-mansur-nuriddin-last-poets-obituary-grandfather-of-rap  "Jalal Mansur Nuriddin: farewell to the 'grandfather of rap'", ''The Guardian'', 6 June 2018]. Retrieved December 7, 2018.</ref> Following this, early artists of hip-hop such as [[DJ Kool Herc]], [[Grandmaster Flash]], [[Afrika Bambaataa]], [[the Sugarhill Gang]], [[Kurtis Blow]], [[Jam Master Jay]] and [[Run-DMC]], pioneered East Coast hip-hop during hip-hop's earlier years in the 1970s and 1980s.<ref name="Allmusic"/>

===1986–1997: Renaissance===
[[File:RZA 7 Shankbone 2009 Tao of Wu.jpg|thumb|upright|[[RZA]], producer and member of the [[Wu-Tang Clan]]]]
As the genre developed, lyrical themes evolved through the work of East Coast artists such as the [[Native Tongues]], a collective of hip-hop artists associated with generally positive, Afrocentric themes, and assembled by Afrika Bambaataa. New York–based groups such as [[De La Soul]], [[Public Enemy]], [[A Tribe Called Quest]], and the [[Jungle Brothers]] also earned recognition for their musical eclecticism.<ref name="Allmusic"/> This period from the mid-1980s to mid-1990s has been called the "[[Golden age hip-hop|golden age]]" of hip-hop. Although East Coast hip-hop was more popular throughout the late 1980s, [[N.W.A]]'s ''[[Straight Outta Compton]]'' (released in early 1989) presented the toughened sound of [[West Coast hip-hop]], which was accompanied by gritty, street-level subject matter.<ref name="Allmusic"/> Later in 1992, [[Dr. Dre]]'s [[G-funk]] record ''[[The Chronic]]'' would introduce West Coast hip-hop to the mainstream. Along with a combined ability to keep its primary function as party music, the West Coast form of hip-hop became a dominant force during the early 1990s.<ref name="Allmusic"/> Although G-Funk was the most popular variety of hip-hop during the early 1990s, the East Coast hip-hop scene remained an integral part of the music industry. During this period, several New York City rappers rising from the local underground scene, began releasing noteworthy albums in the early and mid-1990s, such as [[Nas]], [[The Notorious B.I.G.]] and others.<ref name="Stylus"/> [[The Stretch Armstrong and Bobbito Show]] was the launch pad for many East Coast rappers during this era.

[[File:Nas-04.jpg|thumb|left|upright|[[Nas]]'s 1994 debut album ''[[Illmatic]]'' was critically acclaimed.]]
[[Nas]]' 1994 debut album ''[[Illmatic]]'' has also been noted as one of the creative high points of the East Coast hip-hop scene, and featured production from such renowned New York–based producers as [[Large Professor]], [[Pete Rock]] and [[DJ Premier]].<ref name="Stylus"/> Meanwhile, The [[Wu-Tang Clan]], [[Onyx (hip-hop group)|Onyx]], [[Black Moon (group)|Black Moon]], [[Smif-N-Wessun]], [[Big L]], [[Lost Boyz]] and [[Mobb Deep]] became pillars in New York's [[hardcore hip-hop]] scene, achieving widespread critical acclaim for their landmark albums, ''[[Enter the Wu-Tang (36 Chambers)]]'' (1993), ''[[Lifestylez ov da Poor & Dangerous]]'' (1995), ''[[Enta da Stage]]'' (1993), ''[[Bacdafucup]]'' (1993), ''[[Dah Shinin']]'' (1995), ''[[Legal Drug Money]]'' (1996) and ''[[The Infamous]]'' (1995).

[[The Notorious B.I.G.]] became the central figure in East Coast hip-hop during most of the 1990s. [[Bad Boy Records]] comprised a team of producers known as the Hitmen Stevie J, Derrick "D Dot" Angelletie and Amen Ra directed by [[Sean Combs]] to move the focus on hip-hop to New York with the Notorious B.I.G.'s Billboard topping hits.<ref name="BIGbio"/> His success on the music charts and rise to the mainstream drew more attention to New York at the time of West Coast hip-hop's dominance.<ref name="BIGbio"/> According to [[AllMusic]] editor Steve Huey, the success of his 1994 debut album ''[[Ready to Die]]'' "reinvented East Coast rap for the gangsta age" and "turned the Notorious B.I.G. into a hip-hop sensation — the first major star the East Coast had produced since the rise of Dr. Dre's West Coast G-funk".<ref name="BIGbio"/> Many saw his dominating presence as a catalyzing factor in the East Coast/West Coast hip-hop rivalry that polarized much of the hip-hop community, stirring the issue enough to result in the Brooklyn rapper's 1997 death, as well as his West Coast counterpart, [[Tupac Shakur]], months prior.<ref>{{Cite journal|title = Murder Was the Case: Notorious B.I.G. Shot Down at 24—To Live and Die in L.A.|last = Smith|first = RJ|date = March 18, 1997|journal = The Village Voice}}</ref> By the late 1990s, East coast rap had returned to mainstream dominance.<ref>{{cite web |title=West Coast Rap |website=AllMusic |url=https://www.allmusic.com/style/west-coast-rap-ma0000002932}}</ref>

===1997–2007: Bling era, mainstream success===
Biggie's commercial success helped pave the way for the success of other up-and-coming East Coast rappers such as [[Jay-Z]], [[DMX]], [[Busta Rhymes]], [[50 Cent]], [[Ja Rule]], [[the Lox]], [[Fat Joe]], [[Big Pun]], and [[Clipse]].<ref name="BIGbio">Huey, Steve (September 26, 2003). [http://www.allmusic.com/artist/p44889/biography Biography: The Notorious B.I.G.]. Allmusic. Retrieved on February 10, 2011.</ref><ref>Huey, Steve (September 26, 2003). [http://www.allmusic.com/album/ready-to-die-r203800/review Review: ''Ready to Die'']. Allmusic. Retrieved on February 10, 2011.</ref> Many East Coast hip-hop producers also rose to prominence during this period such as [[Timbaland]], [[Pharrell Williams|Pharrell]], [[Just Blaze]], [[Swizz Beatz]], [[Irv Gotti]], and [[Channel 7 (musician)|7 Aurelius]]{{efn-lr|Although not from the East Coast, 7 Aurelius' career originated in New York and consists almost exclusively of east coast hip hop and R&B production.}}.

===2007–2013: Blog era and revitalization===
[[File:Wiz Khalifa in Under The Influence Tour.jpg|thumb|upright|Wiz Khalifa performing in Toronto in 2012.]]
A mainstream revitalization of East Coast rap occurred in the late 2000s and early 2010s, albeit without the same level of ubiquity as in the 1990s. Younger artists at this time used Internet resources such as social media, blogging, and [[music streaming]] to build a following among fans,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://trapital.co/2020/05/28/why-hip-hop-fans-miss-the-blog-era/|title=Why Hip-Hop Fans Miss the Blog Era – Trapital by Dan Runcie|date=September 19, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200919225511/https://trapital.co/2020/05/28/why-hip-hop-fans-miss-the-blog-era/|access-date=February 25, 2021|archive-date=September 19, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hotnewhiphop.com/where-are-they-now-20-icons-of-the-hip-hop-blog-era-news.82448.html|title=Where Are They Now? 20 Icons Of The "Hip Hop Blog" Era|website=HNHH|date=April 29, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200429034125/https://www.hotnewhiphop.com/where-are-they-now-20-icons-of-the-hip-hop-blog-era-news.82448.html|access-date=February 25, 2021|archive-date=April 29, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=The Blog Era Was Perfectly Imperfect |url=https://www.complex.com/pigeons-and-planes/a/tim-larew/music-blogs |access-date=2025-03-08 |website=Complex |language=en}}</ref> blurring the lines between the [[Underground hip-hop|underground]] and the mainstream. Rappers who emerged during this "blog era" include [[Joey Badass|Joey Bada$$]], [[ASAP Rocky|A$AP Rocky]], [[Nicki Minaj]], [[Wiz Khalifa]], [[Meek Mill]], [[French Montana]], [[Pusha T]], [[Logic (rapper)|Logic]], [[Mac Miller]], [[Vast Aire]], [[Wale (rapper)|Wale]], [[Azealia Banks]], [[Flatbush Zombies]], [[Troy Ave]], [[Bishop Nehru]], [[Asher Roth]], and [[Ka (rapper)|Ka]].

===2014–present: Rise of trap, New York City drill, boom-bap resurgence===
East Coast rappers that saw success during this period include [[Cardi B]], [[Lil Uzi Vert]], [[Fetty Wap]], [[A Boogie wit da Hoodie]], [[Rich The Kid]], [[Tekashi 6ix9ine]], [[Sheck Wes]], [[ASAP Ferg]], [[Rico Nasty]], [[Young M.A]], [[Action Bronson]], [[Dave East]], [[Shy Glizzy]], [[YBN Cordae]], [[Brent Faiyaz]], [[GoldLink]], [[PnB Rock]], [[Flipp Dinero]], and [[Jay Critch]]. Many of the rappers of this era gained prominence on [[social media]], and some diverged from the traditional East Coast sound with stylistic choices that befitted the [[Music streaming service|streaming era]], such as [[Trap music|trap]] production and [[Southern hip-hop|southern]] hip hop influence.<ref>{{Cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/music/music-news/new-york-hip-hop-2018-what-does-it-mean-8491247/ |title=What is New York Hip-Hop in 2018? |magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] }}</ref> Various factors led to a decline in unique regional scenes, including East Coast rap, and rivalries between different cities and regions declined significantly, with artists across different regions and genres more willing to collaborate than in the past.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bradley |first=Megan |date=April 18, 2016 |title=Go south young man: How Philly rapper Lil Uzi Vert won over Atlanta |url=http://www.spin.com/2016/04/go-south-young-man-how-philly-rapper-lil-uzi-vert-won-over-atlanta/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160624162836/http://www.spin.com/2016/04/go-south-young-man-how-philly-rapper-lil-uzi-vert-won-over-atlanta/ |archive-date=June 24, 2016 |website=Spin}}</ref>

[[Brooklyn drill|New York City's drill]] genre, heavily influenced by [[UK drill]] (and often using the same London producers, such as [[808Melo]]), has injected new energy into the New York hip-hop scene, attracting critical acclaim, media controversy and a significant following, despite departing from standard hip-hop song structures.<ref name="NPRdrill">{{cite web|url=https://www.npr.org/2020/02/19/807389456/pop-smoke-rising-new-york-rapper-dead-at-20 |title=Pop Smoke, 'Welcome To The Party' Rapper, Dead At 20 |publisher=NPR |date=February 19, 2020 |accessdate=February 14, 2022}}</ref> The genre started in Brooklyn, led by artists such as [[Bobby Shmurda]], the late [[Pop Smoke]], [[Fivio Foreign]], [[Sheff G]], and [[22Gz]]. [[Brooklyn drill#Bronx drill|Bronx drill]], a related subgenre, has also emerged, with prominent rappers including [[Kay Flock]], [[Ice Spice]] and [[Kenzo B]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Pierre |first=Alphonse |date=2022-05-20 |title=These Women Rappers Are Busting Up New York Drill’s Boys’ Club |url=https://pitchfork.com/thepitch/new-york-drill-rap-women/ |access-date=2025-03-22 |website=Pitchfork |language=en-US}}</ref>

A neo-[[Gangsta rap#Mafioso rap|mafioso]] style of East Coast rap, marked by an emphasis on "grimy" gangster lyricism, wordplay, and [[Boom bap|boom-bap]] production, reminiscent of "classic" mid-90's acts such as "Wu-Tang, Mobb Deep, Onyx, and early Jay-Z",<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-08-15 |title=How Upstate New York Brought Back "East Coast" Hip-Hop |url=https://nysmusic.com/2023/08/15/how-the-sound-of-new-york-moved-upstate/ |access-date=2025-03-08 |website=NYS Music |language=en-us}}</ref> has made an emergence, garnering critical and commercial success, and a [[cult following]].<ref>{{Cite news |title=Griselda Set Out To Be Your Favorite Rapper's Favorite Rappers. It's Paying Off |url=https://www.npr.org/2019/12/19/789690521/griselda-records-puts-buffalo-hip-hop-on-the-map |access-date=2025-03-08 |work=NPR |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Pryor |first=Lex |date=2020-10-02 |title=The Flygod Takes Flight |url=https://www.theringer.com/2020/10/02/music/westside-gunn-griselda-who-made-the-sunshine-interview |access-date=2025-03-08 |website=www.theringer.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-03-19 |title=Griselda: the hip-hop group who beat the odds |url=https://theface.com/music/griselda-hip-hop-collective-dr-birds-wwcd-volume-4-issue-3 |access-date=2025-03-08 |website=The Face |language=en-gb}}</ref> This modern revitalization of the traditional sound (sometimes referred to as "[[Cocaine|coke]] rap"<ref>{{Cite web |title=Benny the Butcher, "Everybody Can't Go" |url=https://floodmagazine.com/152887/benny-the-butcher-everybody-cant-go/ |access-date=2025-03-08 |website=FLOOD |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-11-18 |title=Buffalo Boom Bap: A Griselda Primer |url=https://tidal.com/magazine/article/griselda-primer/1-75548 |access-date=2025-03-08 |website=TIDAL Magazine |language=en-US}}</ref>) has been spearheaded by [[Griselda Records]] of [[Buffalo, New York|Buffalo]], [[Upstate New York|upstate]] New York, and its flagship artists [[Westside Gunn]], [[Benny the Butcher]], and [[Conway the Machine]], as well as affiliated artists [[Mach-Hommy]], [[Roc Marciano]], [[Boldy James]], [[Rome Streetz]], [[Armani Caesar]], [[Daringer (producer)|Daringer]] and [[Conductor Williams]], among others.