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==Indian tradition== {{Main|Prithvi}} '''Prithvi''' ([[Sanskrit]]: ''{{IAST|pṛthvī}}'', also ''{{IAST|pṛthivī}}'') is the [[Hinduism|Hindu]] ''earth'' and [[mother goddess]]. According to one such tradition, she is the personification of the [[Earth]] itself; according to another, its actual [[mother]], being ''[[Prithvi|Prithvi Tattwa]]'', the essence of the element earth. As ''[[Prithvi|Prithvi Mata]]'', or "[[Mother Nature|Mother Earth]]", she contrasts with ''[[Dyaus Pita]]'', "[[Sky Father|father sky]]". In the [[Rigveda]], ''earth'' and sky are frequently addressed as a [[Dualism (Indian philosophy)|duality]], often indicated by the idea of two complementary "half-shells." In addition, the element Earth is associated with [[Budha]] or Mercury who represents communication, business, mathematics and other practical matters. [[Jainism]] mentions one-sensed beings or spirits believed to inhabit the element earth sometimes classified as pṛthvīkāya [[ekendriya]].<ref>{{cite web|first=Mark|last=Webb|title=Jain Philosophy|url= https://iep.utm.edu/jain/|publisher=[[Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|title=Journal of the Department of Letters|volume=5|journal=Journal of the Department of Letters|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BDxQAQAAMAAJ&q=351|author=University of Calcutta: Department of Letters|page=351|date=1921|publisher=Calcutta University Press, originally from [[University of Chicago]]}}</ref>
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