Editing Dyaus (section)

== Literature ==
Dyáuṣ Pitṛ́ appears in hymns with [[Prithvi|Prithvi Mata]] 'Mother Earth' in the ancient Vedic scriptures of [[Hinduism]].<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Leeming|first1=David|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kjO6CwAAQBAJ&pg=PT17|title=The Goddess: Myths of the Great Mother|last2=Fee|first2=Christopher|date=2016|publisher=Reaktion Books|isbn=978-1-78023-538-7|language=en}}</ref>

In the Ṛg·veda, ''Dyáuṣ Pitṛ́'' appears in verses 1.89.4, 1.90.7, 1.164.33, 1.191.6, 4.1.10. and 4.17.4<ref>Sanskrit: [https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/ऋग्वेदः Ṛg·veda], Wikisource; translation: Ralph T. H. Griffith [[wikisource:The Rig Veda|Rigveda]], Wikisource</ref> He is also referred to under different theonyms: Dyavaprithvi, for example, is a [[dvandva compound]] combining 'heaven' and 'earth' as Dyauṣ and [[Prithvi]].

Dyauṣ's most defining trait is his paternal role.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Macdonell|first=Arthur Anthony|title=Vedic Mythology|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=1897|pages=21–22}}</ref> His daughter, [[Ushas|Uṣas]], personifies dawn.<ref>{{cite book|first=Roshen|last=Dalal|author-link=Roshen Dalal|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zrk0AwAAQBAJ|title=Hinduism: An Alphabetical Guide|publisher=[[Penguin Books]]|year=2014|isbn = 9788184752779}} Entry: "Dyaus"</ref> The gods, especially Sūrya, are stated to be the children of Dyauṣ and Prithvi.<ref name=":1" /> Dyauṣ's other sons include Agni, [[Parjanya]], the [[Ādityas]], the [[Maruts]], and the Angirases.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> The [[Ashvins]] are called "''divó nápāt''", meaning offspring/progeny/grandsons of Dyauṣ.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite book|last=West|first=M. L.|title=Indo-European Poetry and Myth|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2007|isbn=978-0-19-928-075-9|pages=187}}</ref> Dyauṣ is often visualized as a roaring animal, often a bull, who fertilizes the earth.<ref name=":0" /> Dyauṣ is also known for the rape of his own daughter, which, according to Jamison and Brereton (2014), is vaguely but vividly mentioned in the Rigveda.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|last1=Jamison|first1=Stephanie|first2=Joel P. |last2=Brereton|title=The Rigveda –– The Earliest Religious Poetry of India|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2014|pages=50–51}}</ref>

Dyauṣ is also stated to be like a black stallion studded with pearls in a simile with the night sky.<ref name=":0" />{{Sfn|Jamison|Brereton|2014|p=1492}}

[[Indra]]'s separation of Dyauṣ and Prithvi is celebrated in the Rigveda as an important creation myth.<ref name=":1" />