Editing Dongfeng (missile) (section)

==Dongfeng missiles==
[[File:Dongfeng 1 at Beijing Military Museum.jpg|thumb|100px|Dongfeng 1]]

==={{Anchor|Dongfeng 1|SS-2}} Dongfeng 1 (SS-2)===
The first of the Dongfeng missiles, the '''DF-1''' ('''SS-2''', codenamed '1059', initially 'DF-1' , later the DF-3<ref name="missile-programs" />), was a licensed copy of the Soviet [[SS-2 Sibling|R-2]] (SS-2 Sibling) [[short-range ballistic missile]] (SRBM),<ref>[http://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/world/russia/r-2.htm R-2 / SS-2 SIBLING] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210323085249/http://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/world/russia/r-2.htm |date=2021-03-23 }}. [[GlobalSecurity.org]]</ref> based on the German [[V-2 rocket]]. The DF-1 had a single RD-101 rocket engine, and used alcohol for fuel with [[liquid oxygen]] (LOX) as an oxidizer.  The missile had maximum range of 550&nbsp;km and a 500&nbsp;kg payload.  Limited numbers of DF-1 were produced in the 1960s, and have since been retired.<ref name=missile-programs/>

==={{Anchor|Dongfeng 2|CSS-1|DF-2}} Dongfeng 2 (CSS-1)===
{{see also|Two Bombs, One Satellite}}
[[File:DF-2 in Military Museum 20181020.jpg|thumb|100px|A Dongfeng 2 at the [[Military Museum of the Chinese People's Revolution|Beijing military museum]]]]

The '''DF-2''' ('''CSS-1''') is China's first [[medium-range ballistic missile]] (MRBM), with a 1,250&nbsp;km range and a 15-20&nbsp;kt nuclear warhead. It received the western designation of CSS-1 (stands for "China Surface-to-Surface").<ref>[http://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/world/china/df-2.htm DF-2 / CSS-1] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090910094642/http://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/world/china/df-2.htm |date=2009-09-10 }} GlobalSecurity.org</ref> It was long noted by western observers that the DF-2 could be a copy of the Soviet R-5 Pobeda ([[SS-3 Shyster]]), as they have identical look, range, engine and payload. The entire documentation for R-5 had been delivered from Soviet Union to China in the late 1950s.<ref>[http://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/world/russia/r-5.htm R-5 / SS-3 SHYSTER] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181007223118/https://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/world/russia/r-5.htm |date=2018-10-07 }}. [[GlobalSecurity.org]]</ref> But some western authors still attribute the design to Chinese specialists [[Xie Guangxuan]], [[Liang Sili]], [[Liu Chuanru]], [[Liu Yuan (engineer)|Liu Yuan]], [[Lin Shuang]], and [[Ren Xinmin]]. The first DF-2 failed in its launch test in 1962, leading to the improved DF-2A. The DF-2A was used to carry out China's [[List of nuclear weapons tests#Tests of live warheads on rockets|test of a live warhead on a rocket]] on 27 October 1966 (detonated in the atmosphere above [[Lop Nor]]), and was in operational service from the late 1960s. All DF-2 were retired from active duty in the 1980s.<ref>[http://www.sinodefence.com/strategic/missile/df2.asp DongFeng 2 (CSS-1) Intermediate-Range Ballistic Missile] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110103031120/http://www.sinodefence.com/strategic/missile/df2.asp |date=2011-01-03 }} Sinodefence.com</ref>

===Dongfeng 3 (CSS-2)===
{{Main|DF-3A}}
The '''DF-3''' ('''CSS-2''') is often considered China's first "domestic" [[intermediate-range ballistic missile]] (IRBM). The common ICBM design was greatly influenced by the Soviet [[R-14 Chusovaya]] missile and the first stage engine itself was a direct copy of the С.2.1100/С.2.1150 [[Burya|La-350]] booster engine developed by [[Aleksei Isaev]] at OKB-2 (NII-88). Design leadership has been attributed to both [[Tu Shou'e]] and [[Sun Jiadong]]. The missile was produced at Factory 211 (Capital Astronautics Co., [首都航天机械公司], also known as Capital Machine Shop, [首都机械厂]).  The 2,500&nbsp;km DF-3 was originally designed with a 2,000&nbsp;kg payload to carry an atomic (later thermonuclear) warhead.  A further improved DF-3A with 3,000&nbsp;km range (~4,000&nbsp;km with reduced payload) was developed in 1981, and exported to Saudi Arabia with a conventional high-explosive warhead.<ref>[http://www.missilethreat.com/missilesoftheworld/id.3/missile_detail.asp]  {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120225012334/http://www.missilethreat.com/missilesoftheworld/id.3/missile_detail.asp|date=25 February 2012}}</ref> The DF-3's range of 2,810&nbsp;km means it is just short of being able to target Guam, although the 2012 DOD report on China's military power states that they have a range of 3,300&nbsp;km, which would be enough to target Guam.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.defense.gov/pubs/pdfs/2012_CMPR_Final.pdf |title=Annual Report to Congress: Military and Security Developments Involving the People's Republic of China 2012 |work=United States Department of Defense |date=May 2012 |access-date=14 September 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140920172730/http://www.defense.gov/pubs/pdfs/2012_CMPR_Final.pdf |archive-date=20 September 2014 }}</ref> The 2013 Pentagon report on China's military power confirms the DF-3's 3,300&nbsp;km range, and its maps show Guam being within the DF-3's range.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.defense.gov/pubs/2013_China_Report_FINAL.pdf |title=Annual Report to Congress: Military and Security Developments Involving the People's Republic of China 2013 |work=United States Department of Defense |date=May 2013 |access-date=14 September 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150113120816/http://www.defense.gov/pubs/2013_china_report_final.pdf |archive-date=13 January 2015 }}</ref> All DF-3/DF-3A's were retired by the mid-2010s and replaced by the DF-21.<ref>[http://www.sinodefence.com/strategic/missile/df3.asp DongFeng 3 (CSS-2) Intermediate-Range Ballistic Missile] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130814034822/http://www.sinodefence.com/strategic/missile/df3.asp |date=2013-08-14 }} Sinodefence.com</ref>

===Dongfeng 4 (CSS-3)===
{{Main|DF-4}}
The '''DF-4''' ('''CSS-3''') "Chingyu" is China's first [[multistage rocket|two-stage]] ballistic missile, with 5,550-7,000&nbsp;km range and 2,200&nbsp;kg payload (3&nbsp;Mt nuclear warhead).  It was developed in late 1960s to provide strike capability against Moscow and Guam.  The DF-4 missile also served as basis for China's first space launch vehicle, Chang Zheng 1 ([[Long March 1]]).  Approx. 20 DF-4's remain in service, and are scheduled to be replaced by DF-31 by 2010–2015.<ref>[http://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/world/china/df-4.htm DF-4 (the "Chingyu" missile)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181215174841/https://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/world/china/df-4.htm |date=2018-12-15 }}. [[GlobalSecurity.org]].</ref><ref>[http://www.sinodefence.com/strategic/missile/df4.asp DongFeng 4 (CSS-3) Intermediate-Range Ballistic Missile] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121103103539/http://www.sinodefence.com/strategic/missile/df4.asp |date=2012-11-03 }} Sinodefence.com</ref>

===Dongfeng 5 (CSS-4)===
{{Main|DF-5}}
The '''DF-5''' ('''CSS-4''') is an [[intercontinental ballistic missile]] (ICBM), designed to carry a 3 megaton (Mt) nuclear warhead to distance up to 12,000&nbsp;km.  The DF-5 is a silo-based, two-stage missile, and its rocket served as the basis for the space-launch vehicle Fengbao-Tempest (FB-1) used to launch satellites.  The missile was developed in the 1960s, but did not enter service until 1981.  An improved variant, the DF-5A, was produced in the mid 1990s with improved range (>13,000&nbsp;km).  Currently, an estimated 24-36 DF-5A's are in service as China's primary ICBM force. If the DF-5A is launched from the eastern part of the Qinghai province, it can reach cities like Los Angeles, Sacramento and San Francisco. If it is launched from the most eastern parts of northeastern provinces, it can cover all of the mainland of the United States.

===Dongfeng 11 (CSS-7)===
{{Main|DF-11}}
[[File:DF-11 TEL vehicle -1.jpg|thumb|A DF-11 TEL.]]
The '''DF-11''' ('''CSS-7''', also '''M-11''' for export),  is a [[missile vehicle|road-mobile]] SRBM designed by Wang Zhenhua at the Sanjiang Missile Corporation (also known as the 066 Base) in the late 1970s.  Unlike previous Chinese ballistic missiles, the DF-11 use [[solid fuel]], which greatly reduces launch preparation time to around 15–30 minutes, while [[liquid-propellant rocket|liquid-fuelled missiles]] such as the DF-5 require up to 2 hours of pre-launch preparation.  The DF-11 has a range of 300&nbsp;km and an 800&nbsp;kg payload.  An improved DF-11A version has increased range of >825&nbsp;km.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.softwar.net/dongfeng.html |title=DONG FENG - EAST WIND/JULANG - GREAT WAVE |work=softwar.net |year=2007 |access-date=14 September 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141001230052/http://www.softwar.net/dongfeng.html |archive-date=1 October 2014 }}</ref> The range of the M-11 does not violate the limits set by the [[Missile Technology Control Regime]] (MTCR). Estimates on the number of DF-11s in service vary between 500 and 600.<ref>[http://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/world/china/df-11.htm DF-11 (CSS-7)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220227210455/http://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/world/china/df-11.htm |date=2022-02-27 }}. [[GlobalSecurity.org]].</ref><ref>[http://www.sinodefence.com/strategic/missile/df11.asp DongFeng 11 (CSS-7) Short-Range Ballistic Missile] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120606151055/http://www.sinodefence.com/strategic/missile/df11.asp |date=2012-06-06 }} Sinodefence.com</ref>

==={{Anchor|Dongfeng 12|CSS-X-15|DF-12}} Dongfeng 12 (CSS-X-15)===
The '''DF-12''' ('''CSS-X-15''') is an SRBM formerly known as the '''M20'''.  The change in designation signalled a shift in fielding to the Second Artillery Corps, making it possible the missile could be armed with a tactical nuclear warhead.  Images of it bear a resemblance to the Russian [[9K720 Iskander]] missile which, although not purchased by China from Russia, could have been acquired from former Soviet states.  Like the Iskander, the DF-12 reportedly has built-in countermeasures including terminal maneuverability to survive against missile defense systems. Range is officially between {{convert|100-280|km|mi|abbr=on}},<ref name="uscc-2014_p315-316">{{Cite report |author=United States-China Economic and Security Review Commission |author-link=United States-China Economic and Security Review Commission |date=2014 |title=2014 Report to Congress |url=http://origin.www.uscc.gov/sites/default/files/annual_reports/Complete%20Report.PDF |pages=315–316 |access-date=20 April 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160807170035/http://origin.www.uscc.gov/sites/default/files/annual_reports/Complete%20Report.PDF |archive-date=7 August 2016 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all }}</ref> but given [[MTCR]] restrictions, actual maximum range may be up to {{convert|400-420|km|mi|abbr=on}}. With guidance provided by inertial navigation and [[Beidou Navigation Satellite System|Beidou]], accuracy is 30 meters CEP; since the missile is controlled throughout the entire flight path, it can be re-targeted mid-flight.  The DF-12 is {{convert|7.815|m|ft|abbr=on}} long, {{convert|0.75|m|ft|abbr=on}} in diameter, has a take-off weight of {{convert|4010|kg|lb|abbr=on}}, and an {{convert|880|lb|kg|abbr=on}} warhead that can deliver cluster, high explosive fragmentation, penetration, or high-explosive incendiary payloads.  They are fired from an 8×8 [[transporter erector launcher]] (TEL) that holds two missiles.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://thediplomat.com/2013/08/chinas-second-artillery-has-a-new-missile/|title=China's Second Artillery Has a New Missile|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210211062556/https://thediplomat.com/2013/08/chinas-second-artillery-has-a-new-missile/|archive-date=2021-02-11|website=The Diplomat|date=7 August 2013|url-status=live|author-first1=J. Michael|author-last1=Cole}}</ref><ref>[http://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/world/china/df-12.htm DF-12 / M20] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160509045350/http://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/world/china/df-12.htm |date=2016-05-09 }} - [[Globalsecurity.org]].</ref><ref>[http://www.armyrecognition.com/china_chinese_army_missile_systems_vehicles/df-12_m20_short-range_surface-to-surface_tactical_missile_technical_data_sheet_specifications.html DF-12 M20 short-range surface-to-surface tactical missile] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161017102738/http://www.armyrecognition.com/china_chinese_army_missile_systems_vehicles/df-12_m20_short-range_surface-to-surface_tactical_missile_technical_data_sheet_specifications.html |date=2016-10-17 }} - Armyrecognition.com</ref>

An [[anti-ship ballistic missile]] export variant of the M20, called A/MGG-20B (M20B), was unveiled at the 2018 Zhuhai Airshow.<ref>{{cite tweet |author=East Pendulum |user=HenriKenhmann |number=1061066331326271488 |date=10 November 2018 |title={{!}} #AirshowChina 2018 {{!}} Contrairement à son concurrent CASIC, le groupe CASC n'a donné aucun détail sur ses deux nouveaux missiles balistiques M20A et M20B, variantes de M20. La version A semble être dotée d'une tête chercheuse hors radar, et la B est dédié à l'anti-navire. https://t.co/5jKOfKeTLC |trans-title={{!}} #AirshowChina 2018 {{!}} Unlike its competitor CASIC, the CASC group gave no details on its two new ballistic missiles M20A and M20B, variants of M20. Version A seems to be equipped with an off-radar seeker, and version B is dedicated to anti-ship. |language=fr |access-date=28 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220324062556/https://twitter.com/HenriKenhmann/status/1061066331326271488 |archive-date=24 March 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref>

===Dongfeng 15 (CSS-6)===
{{Main|DF-15}}
[[File:Dongfeng-15B.JPG|thumb|DF-15]]
The '''DF-15''' ('''CSS-6''', also '''M-9''' for export) was developed by the [[China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation]] (CASC, previously known as the 5th Aerospace Academy)'s Academy of Rocket Motor Technology (ARMT, also known as the 4th Academy).  The missile is a single-stage, solid-fuel SRBM with a 600&nbsp;km range and a 500&nbsp;kg payload.  During the [[Third Taiwan Strait Crisis|1995-1996 Taiwan strait crisis]], the PLA launched six DF-15's near [[Taiwan]] in a demonstration of the missile's capability.  Although the DF-15 is marketed for export, its range would violate the Missile Technology Control Regime (MTCR) agreement, and thus no DF-15 has been exported to date.  Approximately 300-350 DF-15's are in service with the PLA Rocket Force.<ref>[http://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/world/china/df-15.htm DF-15 (CSS-6 / M-9)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060613035659/http://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/world/china/df-15.htm |date=2006-06-13 }}. [[GlobalSecurity.org]]</ref><ref>[http://www.sinodefence.com/strategic/missile/df15.asp DongFeng 15 (CSS-6) Short-Range Ballistic Missile] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060717000610/http://www.sinodefence.com/strategic/missile/df15.asp |date=2006-07-17 }} Sinodefence.com</ref>

=== {{Anchor|Dongfeng 16|CSS-11|DF-16}} Dongfeng 16 (CSS-11) ===
[[File:DF-16 Ballistic Missile 20170919.jpg|thumb|DF-16 as seen after the 2015 Beijing military parade.]]
The '''DF-16''' ('''CSS-11''')<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/world/china/df-16.htm|title=DF-16 / CSS-11 - China Missile Forces|website=www.globalsecurity.org|access-date=2021-04-19|archive-date=2021-04-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210419061034/https://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/world/china/df-16.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> is a new-model missile that has a longer range than the DF-15 (between {{convert|800-1000|km|mi|abbr=on}}). A Taiwan official announced on 16 March 2011 that Taiwan believed China had begun deploying the missiles.<ref name=Janes>{{cite web|url=http://www.janes.com/products/janes/defence-security-report.aspx?id=1065929244|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130616051557/http://www.janes.com/products/janes/defence-security-report.aspx?id=1065929244|url-status=dead|archive-date=2013-06-16|title=China deploys DF-16 ballistic missile, claims Taiwan|author=Doug Richardson|publisher=Defense & Security Intelligence & Analysis: IHS Jane's|date=2011-03-24|access-date=2016-04-21}}</ref> The DF-16 represents an increased threat to Taiwan because it is more difficult to intercept for [[anti-ballistic missile]]s systems such as the [[MIM-104 Patriot#PAC-3|MIM-104 Patriot PAC-3]].  Due to its increased range, the missile has to climb to higher altitudes before descending, giving more time for gravity to accelerate it on re-entry, faster than a PAC-3 could effectively engage it.<ref>[http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/front/archives/2011/03/18/2003498473 PRC missile could render PAC-3s obsolete] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141205103537/http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/front/archives/2011/03/18/2003498473 |date=2014-12-05 }} - Taipeitimes.com, 18 March 2011</ref> The DF-16 is an MRBM longer and wider than previous models with a {{convert|1,000-1,500|kg|lb|abbr=on}} warhead and 5-10 meter accuracy.  Its bi-conic warhead structure leaves room for potential growth to include specialized terminally guided and deep penetrating warheads.  It is launched from a 10×10 wheeled TEL similar to that of the DF-21, but instead of a "cold launch" missile storage tube it uses a new protective "shell" to cover the missile.<ref>[http://aviationweek.com/blog/chinas-df-16-medium-range-ballistic-missile China's DF-16 Medium-range Ballistic Missile] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222142125/http://aviationweek.com/blog/chinas-df-16-medium-range-ballistic-missile |date=2015-12-22 }} - Aviationweek.com, 17 September 2012</ref><ref>[http://www.popsci.com/chinas-newest-missile-set-vj-day-parade CHINA'S NEWEST MISSILE SET FOR VJ DAY PARADE] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151024093352/http://www.popsci.com/chinas-newest-missile-set-vj-day-parade |date=2015-10-24 }} - Popsci.com, 28 April 2015</ref> Nuclear capable.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://missilethreat.csis.org/missile/dong-feng-16-css-11/|title=DF-16 (Dong Feng-16 / CSS-11)|website=Missile Threat|access-date=2018-11-09|archive-date=2018-11-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181110040351/https://missilethreat.csis.org/missile/dong-feng-16-css-11/|url-status=live}}</ref>

The missile was shown to the public during the [[2015 China Victory Day Parade]] in [[Beijing]] celebrating 70-year anniversary of the end of [[World War II]].<ref>[http://www.thestandard.com.hk/breaking_news_detail.asp?id=66226&icid=2&d_str=20150904] {{dead link|date=September 2017|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://live.china.org.cn/2015/09/02/beijing-wwii-military-parade/ |title=Beijing's WWII military parade {{!}} China.org.cn Live – Live updates on top news stories and major events<!-- Bot generated title --> |access-date=2015-09-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150904180017/http://live.china.org.cn/2015/09/02/beijing-wwii-military-parade/ |archive-date=2015-09-04 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wC8jyxbBfRM| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160313042519/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wC8jyxbBfRM| archive-date=2016-03-13 | url-status=dead|title= YouTube|website=www.youtube.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.janes.com/article/54029/china-showcases-new-weapon-systems-at-3-september-parade |title=China showcases new weapon systems at 3 September parade|website=IHS Jane's 360|access-date=2016-03-07 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304084831/http://www.janes.com/article/54029/china-showcases-new-weapon-systems-at-3-september-parade |archive-date=2016-03-04|author-first1=Richard D |author-last1=Fisher Jr}}</ref>

=== {{Anchor|Dongfeng 17||DF-17}} Dongfeng 17 ===
{{Main|DF-17}}
The '''DF-17''' is a medium-range ballistic missile used to launch the [[DF-ZF]] [[hypersonic glide vehicle]].{{sfn|Nouwen|Wright|Graham|Herzinger|2024|p=10}} The DF-ZF is a conventional warhead,{{sfn|Mihal|2021|p=22}} although US intelligence considers it to be nuclear capable as well.<ref name="diplomat">{{cite web |last1=Panda |first1=Ankit |url=https://thediplomat.com/2020/02/questions-about-chinas-df-17-and-a-nuclear-capability/ |title=Questions About China's DF-17 and a Nuclear Capability |website=[[The Diplomat (magazine)|The Diplomat]] |date=16 February 2020 |access-date=5 March 2020}}</ref> The system entered service in the second half of 2019.{{sfn|Wood|Cliff|2020|p=23}}

===Dongfeng 21 (CSS-5)===
{{Main|DF-21}}
[[File:Dongfeng-21D.JPG|thumb|The DF-21D missile as seen after the military parade on 3 September 2015.]]
The '''DF-21''' ('''CSS-5''') is a two-stage, solid-fuel MRBM developed by the 2nd Aerospace Academy (now China Changfeng Mechanics and Electronics Technology Academy) in late 1970s.  It was the first solid-fuelled ballistic missile deployed by the Second Artillery Corp.  The missile carries a single 500&nbsp;kt nuclear warhead, with up to {{convert|2,500|km|mi|abbr=on}} range.  The DF-21 also served as the basis for the [[submarine-launched ballistic missile]] (SLBM) [[JL-1]] (CSS-N-3),<ref>[http://www.sinodefence.com/strategic/missile/jl1.asp JuLang 1 (CSS-N-3) Submarine-Launched Ballistic Missile] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060510172553/http://www.sinodefence.com/strategic/missile/jl1.asp |date=2006-05-10 }} Sinodefence.com</ref> used on the [[Type 092 submarine|''Xia''-class SSBN]].  In 1996, an improved variant, the DF-21A, was introduced.  As of 2010, 60-80 DF-21/DF-21A were estimated to be in service; this number may have increased since then.<ref>[http://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/world/china/df-21.htm DF-21 / CSS-5] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211116163052/http://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/world/china/df-21.htm |date=2021-11-16 }}. [[GlobalSecurity.org]]</ref><ref>[http://www.sinodefence.com/strategic/missile/df21.asp DongFeng 21 (CSS-5) Medium-Range Ballistic Missile] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080201232409/http://www.sinodefence.com/strategic/missile/df21.asp |date=2008-02-01 }} Sinodefence.com</ref> Sources say Saudi Arabia bought a DF-21 in 2007.

The latest variant, the DF-21D, has a maximum range exceeding 1,450 kilometres (900&nbsp;mi; 780 nmi) according to the U.S. [[National Air and Space Intelligence Center]].  It is hailed as the world's first [[anti-ship ballistic missile]] (ASBM) system, capable of targeting a moving [[carrier strike group]] from long-range, land-based mobile launchers.  The DF-21D is thought to employ [[maneuverable reentry vehicle]]s (MaRVs) with a [[terminal guidance]] system.  It may have been tested in 2005–2006, and the launch of the Jianbing-5/YaoGan-1 and Jianbing-6/YaoGan-2 satellites offering targeting information from [[synthetic aperture radar]] (SAR) and visual imaging respectively.

===Dongfeng 25===
{{Main|DF-25}}
The '''DF-25''' was a mobile-launch, two-stage, solid-fuel IRBM with a range of {{convert|3,200|km|mi}}. Development was allegedly cancelled in 1996.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://missilethreat.com/missiles/df-25/ |title=DF-25 |work=missilethreat.com |year=2014 |access-date=14 September 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140827161015/http://missilethreat.com/missiles/df-25/ |archive-date=27 August 2014 }}</ref> The [[U.S. Department of Defense]] in its 2013 report to Congress on China's military developments made no mention of the DF-25 as a missile in service.<ref name=USDOD-2013>{{cite report|url=http://www.defense.gov/pubs/2013_china_report_final.pdf |title=Military and Security Developments Involving the People's Republic of China 2013 |publisher=U.S. Department of Defense |work=Office of the Secretary of Defense |year=2013 |access-date=18 January 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150113120816/http://www.defense.gov/pubs/2013_china_report_final.pdf |archive-date=13 January 2015 }}</ref>

===Dongfeng 26 (CSS-18)===
{{Main|DF-26}}
[[File:Dong-Feng 26.JPG|thumb|DF-26 as seen after the 2015 Beijing military parade.]]

The '''DF-26C''' is an IRBM with a range of at least {{convert|5,000|km|mi|abbr=on}}, far enough to reach U.S. naval bases in [[Guam]].  Few details are known, but it is believed to be solid-fuelled and road-mobile, allowing it to be stored in underground bunkers and fired at short notice, hence difficult to counter.  It is possible that the DF-26C is a follow-up version of the DF-21.  Possible warheads include conventional, nuclear or even maneuverable anti-ship and hypersonic glide warheads.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/front/archives/2014/03/06/2003584976|title=China developing new nuclear missile|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170319202742/http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/front/archives/2014/03/06/2003584976 |archive-date=2017-03-19|work=Taipei Times|date=6 March 2014|author-first1=William|author-last1=Lowther}}</ref>

===Dongfeng 27===
The '''DF-27''' (CH-SS-X-24) is an intermediate-range ballistic missile (IRBM) equipped with a hypersonic glide vehicle (HGV) warhead.<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.iiss.org/en/online-analysis/online-analysis/2023/05/intelligence-leak-reveals-chinas-successful-test-of-a-new-hypersonic-missile/ |title= Intelligence leak reveals China’s successful test of a new hypersonic missile |website= The International Institute for Strategic Studies |date=18 May 2023 |first1=Zuzanna|last1=Gwadera}}</ref> The ballistic missile was in development as of 2021, with a range of 5,000&nbsp;km to 8,000&nbsp;km.<ref name=USDOD-2021>{{cite report |url=https://media.defense.gov/2021/Nov/03/2002885874/-1/-1/0/2021-CMPR-FINAL.PDF |title=Military and Security Developments Involving the People's Republic of China 2021 |publisher=U.S. Department of Defense |work=Office of the Secretary of Defense |year=2021 |access-date=12 April 2023 |archive-date=9 July 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220709194903/https://media.defense.gov/2021/Nov/03/2002885874/-1/-1/0/2021-CMPR-FINAL.PDF |url-status=live }}</ref>

===Dongfeng 31 (CSS-10)===
{{Main|DF-31}}
[[File:DF-31 ballistic missiles 20170919.jpg|thumb|DF-31 in Military Museum of the Chinese People's Revolution.]]
The '''DF-31''' ('''CSS-10''') is China's newest road-mobile, solid-fuel ICBM developed by the 4th Aerospace Academy (now ARMT).  The DF-31 has range of 8,000+ km, and can carry a single 1,000&nbsp;kt warhead, or up to three 20-150&nbsp;kt MIRV warheads.  An improved version, the DF-31A, has range of 11,000+ km, far enough to reach Los Angeles from Beijing. The DF-31 was developed to replace many of China's older ballistic missiles, and served as basis to the new [[JL-2]] (CSS-NX-4/CSS-NX-5) SLBM.  In 2009, approx. 30 DF-31/DF-31A are estimated to be in service; it is possible this number may have increased since then.<ref>[http://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/world/china/df-31.htm DF-31] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170317054020/http://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/world/china/df-31.htm |date=2017-03-17 }}. [[GlobalSecurity.org]].</ref><ref>[http://www.sinodefence.com/strategic/missile/df31.asp DongFeng 31A (CSS-9) Intercontinental Ballistic Missile] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100406004036/http://www.sinodefence.com/strategic/missile/df31.asp |date=2010-04-06 }} Sinodefence.com</ref> 12 were displayed at the 2009 military parade in Beijing commemorating the 60th anniversary of the PRC's founding.

The DF-31AG uses a mobile launcher with improved mobility. It made its first official public appearance in the [[2017 PLA Day Parade]].{{sfn|Nouwen|2018|p=5}}

===Dongfeng 41 (CSS-20)===
{{Main|DF-41}}
The '''DF-41''' ('''CSS-20'''), capable of being armed with ten or twelve [[MIRV]] [[warhead]]s, is China's newest addition to its nuclear arsenal. With an estimated range between 12,000 - 15,000&nbsp;km, it is believed to surpass the range of the US's [[LGM-30 Minuteman]] ICBM to become the world's longest range missile.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://missilethreat.com/missiles/df-41-css-x-10/ |title=DF-41 (CSS-X-10) |work=missilethreat.com |date=12 February 2014 |access-date=14 September 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140827161531/http://missilethreat.com/missiles/df-41-css-x-10/ |archive-date=27 August 2014 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/world/china/df-41.htm |title=DF-41 |website=[[globalsecurity.org]] |year=2014 |access-date=14 September 2014 |archive-date=18 October 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141018001217/http://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/world/china/df-41.htm |url-status=live }}</ref>