Editing Digital Audio Broadcasting (section)

=== Eureka-147 project ===
[[File:DAB Receiver - Eureka 147 (1993).jpg|thumb|Prototype DAB receiver (1993)]]

The DAB standard was initiated as a European research project.<ref name=":3">{{cite journal |last1=O'Neill |first1=Brian |year=2009 |title=DAB Eureka-147: a European vision for digital radio |url=http://nms.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/11/1-2/261 |url-status=dead |journal=New Media & Society |volume=11 |issue=1–2 |pages=261–278 |doi=10.1177/1461444808099578 |s2cid=44483024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100514231554/http://nms.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/11/1-2/261 |archive-date=14 May 2010 |access-date=11 December 2009}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Digital Radio - The Eureka 147 DAB System |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/rd/publications/rdreport_1998_10 |website=BBC R&D |date=April 1998 |access-date=2 August 2021 |archive-date=2 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210802154232/https://www.bbc.co.uk/rd/publications/rdreport_1998_10 |url-status=live }}</ref> It began in the 1980s with the collaboration of the West German {{Lang|de|[[Institut für Rundfunktechnik]]}} (IRT) in and the French ''[[Centre commun d'études de télévision et télécommunications]]'' (CCETT).<ref name=":4">https://downloads.bbc.co.uk/rd/pubs/whp/whp-pdf-files/WHP061.pdf</ref> The consortium formed in 1986 and numerous other European broadcasting organisations such as the [[BBC]] had also joined.<ref name=":4" /> It eventually became a project of [[Eureka (organisation)|Eureka]] and was named the '''Eureka-147 DAB Project''' in 1987,'''<ref name=":3" />''' with the stated goal of developing a system that “would produce improved reception compared to [[FM broadcasting|FM]]…and with the potential to offer additional services such as text and other data, conditional access, enhanced traffic services, and picture transmission”.<ref name=":5">https://scholarship.miami.edu/view/pdfCoverPage?instCode=01UOML_INST&filePid=13355509450002976&download=true</ref> Efficient bandwidth, low transmitting power, good reception in [[cars]] and audio quality comparable to [[CD]], were some of the other goals.<ref name=":5" />

The first DAB demonstrations were held in 1988 in Geneva during WARC-88 conference, after which numerous other trials took place throughout several other countries in Europe.<ref>https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/19940018263/downloads/19940018263.pdf</ref> There was also a demonstration at the 1991 [[NAB Show]] in the USA.<ref>https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-BC-Engineering/Radio-World-Modern/1991/Radio-World-1991-05-08.pdf</ref> The [[MPEG-1 Audio Layer II]] ("MP2") codec was created as part of this project. DAB was the first standard based on [[orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing]] (OFDM) modulation technique, which since then has become one of the most popular transmission schemes for modern wideband digital communication systems.

A choice of [[audio codec]], modulation and error-correction coding schemes and first trial broadcasts were made in 1990. A significant decision was the assigning of frequencies on the [[radio spectrum]], as it was decided to operate the system on different bands ([[Band I]], [[Band III]] and [[L Band]]) compared to those used on FM and [[AM broadcasting|AM]].<ref name=":5" /> The protocol specification was finalized in 1992<ref>https://tech.ebu.ch/docs/techreview/trev_299-weck.pdf</ref> or 1993 and adopted by the [[ITU-R]] standardization body in 1994, the European community in 1995 and by [[ETSI]] in 1997. The European DAB Forum (now [[WorldDAB]]) was formed in 1995, and the Eureka-147 project itself had "ended" and merged into WorldDAB in 1999.<ref name=":5" /><ref>https://tech.ebu.ch/docs/techreview/trev_297-kozamernik.pdf</ref>