Editing Declaration of Geneva (section)

==Declaration==
The Declaration of Geneva (2017), as currently published by the [[World Medical Association]]<ref>{{cite web |author=World Medical Association |title=WMA Declaration of Geneva |url=https://www.wma.net/policies-post/wma-declaration-of-geneva/ |publisher=WMA |access-date= 14 October 2017}}</ref>
reads:
{{quotation|
AS A MEMBER OF THE MEDICAL PROFESSION:

*I SOLEMNLY PLEDGE to consecrate my life to the service of humanity;
*THE HEALTH AND WELL-BEING OF MY PATIENT will be my first consideration;
*I WILL RESPECT the autonomy and dignity of my patient;
*I WILL MAINTAIN the utmost respect for human life;
*I WILL NOT PERMIT considerations of age, disease or disability, creed, ethnic origin, gender, nationality, political affiliation, race, sexual orientation, social standing or any other factor to intervene between my duty and my patient;
*I WILL RESPECT the secrets that are confided in me, even after the patient has died;
*I WILL PRACTICE my profession with conscience and dignity and in accordance with good medical practice;
*I WILL FOSTER the honour and noble traditions of the medical profession;
*I WILL GIVE to my teachers, colleagues, and students the respect and gratitude that is their due;
*I WILL SHARE my medical knowledge for the benefit of the patient and the advancement of healthcare;
*I WILL ATTEND TO my own health, well-being, and abilities in order to provide care of the highest standard;
*I WILL NOT USE my medical knowledge to violate human rights and civil liberties, even under threat;
*I MAKE THESE PROMISES solemnly, freely and upon my honour.
}}

===Changes from original===
The original oath read "My colleagues will be my brothers," later changed to "sisters and brothers." Until 1994 it also read "I will maintain the utmost respect for human life, from the time of its conception (...)".<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Merino, Aruanno, Gelpi, Rancich|title="The prohibition of euthanasia" and medical oaths of Hippocratic Stemma |date=2017|url=https://scielo.conicyt.cl/pdf/abioeth/v23n1/1726-569X-abioeth-23-01-00171.pdf|journal=Acta Bioethica|volume=23|pages=171-178 (176)|doi=10.4067/S1726-569X2017000100171 }}</ref> Age, disability, gender, and sexual orientation have been added as factors that must not interfere with a doctor's duty to a patient; some rephrasing of existing elements has occurred. Secrets are to remain confidential "even after the patient has died." The violation of "human rights and civil liberties" replaces the violation of "the laws of humanity" as a forbidden use of medical knowledge. "The health" in general of a patient is now the doctor's first consideration compared to the "health and life" as stated in the original declaration. This was apparently changed to free the medical profession from extending life at all costs.{{cn|date=May 2023}}
The 68th WMA General Assembly in October 2017 approved revisions including: respecting the autonomy of the patient; mutual respect for teachers, colleagues and students  physicians to share medical knowledge for the benefit of their patients and the advancement of healthcare; a requirement for physicians to attend to their own health as well as their patients.<ref>{{cite web |author=World Medical Association |title=MODERN PHYSICIANS' PLEDGE APPROVED BY WORLD MEDICAL ASSOCIATION |url=https://www.wma.net/news-post/modern-physicians-pledge-approved-by-world-medical-association/ |publisher=WMA |access-date= 14 October 2017}}</ref> Furthermore, the revised text is meant to be used by all active physicians ("as member of the medical profession") while before the text was used by beginners only ("At the time of being admitted as a member of the medical profession").

===Discussions of the declaration changes===
The Declaration of Geneva was originally adopted by the WMA General Assembly in 1948<ref>
[https://www.wma.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/Decl-of-Geneva-v1948.pdf, ''WMA'' , The modern Hippocritic Oath, April 1956]
</ref> right after one year of the formation of World Medical Association,<ref>[https://www.wma.net/who-we-are/history/ ''World Medical Association'', The story of WMA]</ref> and has undergone a series of amendments throughout the years, until 2006 and the latest amendments, made at the 68th WMA General Assembly in Chicago in October 2017, make several significant additions. The most notable addition was a result of ongoing lobbying by New Zealand doctors' well-being advocate Dr Sam Hazledine, of MedWorld;<ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-11-02|title=Queenstown doctor Sam Hazledine's petition for change has worldwide impact|url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/health/85992728/queenstown-doctor-sam-hazledines-petition-for-change-has-worldwide-impact|access-date=2022-01-26|website=Stuff|language=en}}</ref> in order to provide a high standard of care to patients, doctors must look after their own health. 

The newly revised Declaration of Geneva, released in October 2017, contains some modifications in terms of words throughout but also three entirely new points:<ref>[https://www.wma.net/policies-post/wma-declaration-of-geneva/  ''World Medical Association'' WMA Geneva Declaration, 06 November, 2017]
</ref>
*	I WILL RESPECT the autonomy and dignity of my patient.
*	I WILL SHARE my medical knowledge for the benefit of the patient and the advancement of healthcare.
*	I WILL ATTEND TO my own health, well-being, and abilities in order to provide care of the highest standard.

The new Geneva Declaration version acknowledges respect for human rights of patients, the value of sharing knowledge with the community and profession, and the right and obligation of physicians to care for themselves, and to maintain their abilities for the benefit of society. <ref>[https://www.loebclassics.com/view/hippocrates_cos-oath/1923/pb_LCL147.299.xml;jsessionid=B19DB9EE3CEA5FEC9831C35DB1CADBFD,  ''Loeb''Classical library, 6 october 2015]</ref><ref>[https://www.academia.edu/2638728/The_Hippocratic_Oath_in_Latin_with_English_translation,  ''Claude Pavur'' , 22 September 2015]</ref>