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===Early life and education=== Hilbert, the first of two children and only son of Otto, a county judge, and Maria Therese Hilbert ([[née]] Erdtmann), the daughter of a merchant, was born in the [[Province of Prussia]], [[Kingdom of Prussia]], either in [[Königsberg]] (according to Hilbert's own statement) or in Wehlau (known since 1946 as [[Znamensk, Kaliningrad Oblast|Znamensk]]) near Königsberg where his father worked at the time of his birth. His paternal grandfather was David Hilbert, a judge and ''[[Geheimrat]]''. His mother Maria had an interest in philosophy, astronomy and [[prime number]]s, while his father Otto taught him [[Prussian virtues]]. After his father became a city judge, the family moved to Königsberg. David's sister, Elise, was born when he was six. He began his schooling aged eight, two years later than the usual starting age.<ref>{{Harvnb|Reid|1996|pp=[https://books.google.com/books?id=mR4SdJGD7tEC&pg=PA1 1–3]}}; also on [https://books.google.com/books?id=mR4SdJGD7tEC&pg=PA8 p. 8], Reid notes that there is some ambiguity as to exactly where Hilbert was born. Hilbert himself stated that he was born in Königsberg.</ref> In late 1872, Hilbert entered the [[Friedrichskolleg]] [[Gymnasium (school)|Gymnasium]] (''Collegium fridericianum'', the same school that [[Immanuel Kant]] had attended 140 years before); but, after an unhappy period, he transferred to (late 1879) and graduated from (early 1880) the more science-oriented [[Wilhelmsgymnasium (Königsberg)|Wilhelm Gymnasium]].{{Sfn|Reid|1996|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=mR4SdJGD7tEC&pg=PA4 4–7]}} Upon graduation, in autumn 1880, Hilbert enrolled at the [[University of Königsberg]], the "Albertina". In early 1882, [[Hermann Minkowski]] (two years younger than Hilbert and also a native of Königsberg but had gone to Berlin for three semesters),{{Sfn|Reid|1996|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=mR4SdJGD7tEC&pg=PA11 11]}} returned to Königsberg and entered the university. Hilbert developed a lifelong friendship with the shy, gifted Minkowski.{{Sfn|Reid|1996|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=mR4SdJGD7tEC&pg=PA12 12]}}<ref>{{citation|first=Hermann|last=Weyl|title=Levels of Infinity/Selected writings on Mathematics and Philosophy|chapter=David Hilbert and his Mathematical Work|page=94|year=2012|publisher=Dover|editor= Peter Pesic|isbn=978-0-486-48903-2}}</ref>
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