Editing Date palm (section)

=== Genome ===
[[File:Germination of Date Palm.jpg|thumb|right|Germination of date palm]]

A draft genome of ''P. dactylifera'' ([[Khalas (date)|Khalas variety]]) was published in 2011<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Al-Dous |first1=Eman K. |last2=George |first2=Binu |last3=Al-Mahmoud |first3=Maryam E. |last4=Al-Jaber |first4=Moneera Y. |last5=Wang |first5=Hao |last6=Salameh |first6=Yasmeen M. |last7=Al-Azwani |first7=Eman K. |last8=Chaluvadi |first8=Srinivasa |last9=Pontaroli |first9=Ana C. |last10=DeBarry |first10=Jeremy |last11=Arondel |first11=Vincent |last12=Ohlrogge |first12=John |last13=Saie |first13=Imad J. |last14=Suliman-Elmeer |first14=Khaled M. |last15=Bennetzen |first15=Jeffrey L. |date=June 2011 |title=De novo genome sequencing and comparative genomics of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) |journal=Nature Biotechnology |language=en |publication-date=2011 |volume=29 |issue=6 |pages=521–527 |doi=10.1038/nbt.1860 |issn=1546-1696|doi-access=free |pmid=21623354 }}</ref> followed by more complete genome assemblies in 2013<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Al-Mssallem |first1=Ibrahim S. |last2=Hu |first2=Songnian |last3=Zhang |first3=Xiaowei |last4=Lin |first4=Qiang |last5=Liu |first5=Wanfei |last6=Tan |first6=Jun |last7=Yu |first7=Xiaoguang |last8=Liu |first8=Jiucheng |last9=Pan |first9=Linlin |last10=Zhang |first10=Tongwu |last11=Yin |first11=Yuxin |last12=Xin |first12=Chengqi |last13=Wu |first13=Hao |last14=Zhang |first14=Guangyu |last15=Ba Abdullah |first15=Mohammed M. |date=2013-08-06 |title=Genome sequence of the date palm Phoenix dactylifera L |journal=Nature Communications |language=en |volume=4 |issue=1 |pages=2274 |doi=10.1038/ncomms3274 |issn=2041-1723 |pmc=3741641 |pmid=23917264|bibcode=2013NatCo...4.2274A }}</ref> and 2019.<ref name="Hazzouri-2019" /> The later study used long-read sequencing technology. With the release of this improved genome assembly, the researchers were able to map genes for fruit color and sugar content.<ref name="Hazzouri-2019">{{cite journal | doi=10.1038/s41467-019-12604-9 | title=Genome-wide association mapping of date palm fruit traits | year=2019 | last1=Hazzouri | first1=Khaled M. | last2=Gros-Balthazard | first2=Muriel | last3=Flowers | first3=Jonathan M. | last4=Copetti | first4=Dario | last5=Lemansour | first5=Alain | last6=Lebrun | first6=Marc | last7=Masmoudi | first7=Khaled | last8=Ferrand | first8=Sylvie | last9=Dhar | first9=Michael I. | last10=Fresquez | first10=Zoë A. | last11=Rosas | first11=Ulises | last12=Zhang | first12=Jianwei | last13=Talag | first13=Jayson | last14=Lee | first14=Seunghee | last15=Kudrna | first15=David | last16=Powell | first16=Robyn F. | last17=Leitch | first17=Ilia J. | last18=Krueger | first18=Robert R. | last19=Wing | first19=Rod A. | last20=Amiri | first20=Khaled M. A. | last21=Purugganan | first21=Michael D. | journal=Nature Communications | volume=10 | issue=1 | page=4680 | pmid=31615981 | pmc=6794320 | bibcode=2019NatCo..10.4680H }}</ref> The [[New York University Abu Dhabi|NYU Abu Dhabi]] researchers had also re-sequenced the genomes of several date varieties to develop the first single nucleotide polymorphism map of the date palm genome in 2015.<ref>{{cite journal | doi=10.1038/ncomms9824 | title=Whole genome re-sequencing of date palms yields insights into diversification of a fruit tree crop | year=2015 | last1=Hazzouri | first1=Khaled M. | last2=Flowers | first2=Jonathan M. | last3=Visser | first3=Hendrik J. | last4=Khierallah | first4=Hussam S. M. | last5=Rosas | first5=Ulises | last6=Pham | first6=Gina M. | last7=Meyer | first7=Rachel S. | last8=Johansen | first8=Caryn K. | last9=Fresquez | first9=Zoë A. | last10=Masmoudi | first10=Khaled | last11=Haider | first11=Nadia | last12=El Kadri | first12=Nabila | last13=Idaghdour | first13=Youssef | last14=Malek | first14=Joel A. | last15=Thirkhill | first15=Deborah | last16=Markhand | first16=Ghulam S. | last17=Krueger | first17=Robert R. | last18=Zaid | first18=Abdelouahhab | last19=Purugganan | first19=Michael D. | journal=Nature Communications | volume=6 | page=8824 | pmid=26549859 | pmc=4667612 | bibcode=2015NatCo...6.8824H }}</ref>