Editing Data communication (section)

==Protocol layers and sub-topics==
{{OSIModel}}
Courses and textbooks in the field of data transmission typically deal with the following [[OSI model]] protocol layers and topics:
* Layer 1, the [[physical layer]]:
** [[Channel coding]] including
*** [[Digital modulation]] schemes
*** [[Line coding]] schemes
*** [[Forward error correction]] (FEC) codes
** [[Bit synchronization]]
** [[Multiplexing]]
** [[Equalization (communications)|Equalization]]
** [[Channel model]]s
* Layer 2, the [[data link layer]]:
** [[Channel access]] schemes, [[media access control]] (MAC)
** [[Packet mode communication]] and [[Frame synchronization]]
** [[Error detection]] and [[automatic repeat request]] (ARQ)
** [[Flow control (data)|Flow control]]
* Layer 6, the [[presentation layer]]:
** [[Source coding]] (digitization and data compression), and information theory.
** [[Cryptography]] (may occur at any layer)
It is also common to deal with the cross-layer design of those three layers.<ref>F. Foukalas et al., 
[https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?tp=&arnumber=4483671&contentType=Journals+%26+Magazines&sortType%3Dasc_p_Sequence%26filter%3DAND%28p_IS_Number%3A4483664%29 "Cross-layer design proposals for wireless mobile networks: a survey and taxonomy "]</ref>