Editing Dalston (section)

==History==
The name Dalston is thought to have derived from ''Deorlaf's tun'' (farm)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://origin.tfl.gov.uk/assets/downloads/ES_Vol_I_Main_Report.pdf|title=Dalston Junction Environmental Report|website=Origin.tfl.gov.uk|access-date=30 October 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110823201420/http://origin.tfl.gov.uk/assets/downloads/ES_Vol_I_Main_Report.pdf|archive-date=23 August 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref> in much the same way as nearby Hoxton was named after the farm of "Hoch". The first written record available is from 1294 when the name was written as Derleston.

The village was one of four small villages within the [[Hackney (parish)|Parish of Hackney]] (along with [[West Hackney|Newington]], [[Shacklewell]], and [[Kingsland, London|Kingsland]]) that were grouped for assessment purposes, together having only as many houses as the [[Hackney Central|village of Hackney]].

[[John Rocque's Map of London, 1746#The Country Near Ten Miles Round|John Rocque's map of 1746]] shows the village of Kingsland centred on the crossroads at what is now Dalston Junction and the small village of Dalston further east along Dalston Lane. Another clear feature is Roman [[Ermine Street]] which now forms most of the western boundary of this area. Ermine Street now has the road number A10 and goes by a number of names, including [[Kingsland Road]] as it travels through London.

Around 1280&nbsp;CE a [[leper hospital]] was founded in Dalston by the citizens of London and in 1549 it was attached to the chapel of St Bartholomew as an outhouse.

During the 18th and 19th centuries the area changed from an agricultural and rural landscape to an urban one.  By 1849, it was described as ''a recently increased suburban village, with some handsome old houses'', and by 1859 the village had exceeded its neighbour and, with the railways and continuous building, the village of Kingsland disappeared.<ref name=Brit>{{cite web|url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=22698|title=Hackney: Dalston and Kingsland Road – British History Online|website=British-history.ac.uk|access-date=8 November 2017}}</ref>

During the 1930s, 1940s<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1585110/Vidal-Sassoon-Anti-fascist-warrior-hairdresser.html|title=Vidal Sassoon: Anti-fascist warrior-hairdresser|last=Singh  |first=Anita|date=2008-04-13|access-date=2017-11-08|language=en-GB|issn=0307-1235|work=Telegraph}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://pasttenseblog.wordpress.com/2016/06/01/today-in-londons-radical-history-fascist-rally-in-ridley-road-market-smashed-by-jewish-43-group-1947/|title=Today in London's radical history: fascist rally in Ridley Road market, smashed by Jewish 43 Group, 1947|date=2016-06-01|work=past tense|access-date=2017-11-08|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/this-britain/last-reunion-for-war-heroes-who-came-home-to-fight-the-fascists-1628953.html|title=Last reunion for war heroes who came home to fight the fascists|date=2009-02-22|work=The Independent|access-date=2017-11-08|language=en-GB}}</ref> and 1960s<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/july/31/newsid_2776000/2776295.stm|title=1962: Violence flares at Mosley rally|website=News.bbc.co.uk|date=1962-07-31|access-date=2017-11-08|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.britishpathe.com/video/mosley-tries-again|title=Mosley Tries Again|author=British Pathé|website=Britishpathe.com|language=en-GB|access-date=2017-11-08}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.britishpathe.com/video/mosley-gets-rough-house|title=Mosley Gets Rough House|author=British Pathé|website=Britishpathe.com|language=en-GB|access-date=2017-11-08}}</ref> the area's large Jewish and other minority populations made it a target for provocative rallies by [[Oswald Mosley]] and the various organisations he founded. These were actively opposed by many local people, together with organisations such as the [[43 Group]] in the 1940s and the [[62 Group]] from 1962, and this led to a number of violent confrontations, notably in the Ridley Road and Hertford Road areas.<ref>{{Cite web |date=Sep 2, 2020 |title=Today in London radical history, 1962: nazi meetings in the East End scattered by anti-fascists |url=https://pasttenseblog.wordpress.com/2020/09/02/today-in-london-radical-history-1962-nazi-meetings-in-the-east-end-scattered-by-anti-fascists/ |website=London Radical Histories}}</ref> A 2014 novel, ''[[Ridley Road (novel)|Ridley Road]]'', and its [[BBC One]] TV adaptation uses the clashes as a backdrop to the narrative.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Jo Bloom draws on the spirit of '60s anti-fascist groups for novel Ridley Road |author= |work=Hackney Gazette |date=8 January 2015 |url= https://www.hackneygazette.co.uk/things-to-do/jo-bloom-draws-on-the-spirit-of-60s-anti-facist-3485448}}</ref>

In July 2017 a riot broke out on Dalston Road, which had originally started as a demonstration against police violence. Protesters barricaded the spot where a man, who later died at the [[Royal London Hospital]], had been arrested. The rioters threw fire bombs at police and caused property damage.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.dn.se/nyheter/varlden/valdsamma-upplopp-i-london/|title=Våldsamma upplopp i London – DN.SE|date=2017-07-29|work=[[Dagens Nyheter]]|access-date=2017-07-29|language=sv-se}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2017/jul/28/demonstrators-dalston-london-protest-death-rashan-charles|title=Demonstrators block Dalston road in violent protest at Rashan Charles death|last=Wyatt|first=Timothy|date=2017-07-28|newspaper=[[The Guardian]]|access-date=2017-07-29|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref>

===Administrative history===
The [[Hackney (parish)|Ancient Parish of Hackney]], of which Dalston was a part, detached from [[Stepney#Manor and Ancient parish|Stepney]] in the Middle Ages and had consistent boundaries from that time on.

The area was part of the [[Historic counties of England|historic (or ancient) county]] of [[Middlesex]], but military and most (or all) civil county functions were managed more locally, by the [[Tower division|Tower Division (also known as the Tower Hamlets)]], a historic ‘county within a county’, under the leadership of the [[Constable of the Tower of London|Lord-Lieutenant of the Tower Hamlets (the post was always filled by the Constable of the Tower of London)]]. The military loyalty to the Tower meant local men served in the Tower garrison and Tower Hamlets Militia, rather than the Middlesex Militia. This arrangement lasted until 1900.<ref>The London Encyclopaedia, 4th Edition, 1983, Weinreb and Hibbert</ref><ref>East London Papers, Volume 8, Number 2, The Name 'Tower Hamlets'. M.J. Power, December 1965</ref>

In 1900 the [[Metropolitan Borough of Hackney]] was formed, using the boundaries of the former parish, and it became part of the [[County of London]]. In 1965 Hackney merged with the boroughs of [[Metropolitan Borough of Shoreditch|Shoreditch]] and [[Metropolitan Borough of Stoke Newington|Stoke Newington]] to form the modern [[London Borough of Hackney]], part of a new larger county of [[Greater London]].