Editing Cyprinidae (section)

==Relationship with humans==
{{Anchor|Relationship with humans}}
[[File:Cyprinids wild capture.png|thumb|300px|right|{{center|Wild capture of cyprinids by species in million tonnes, 1950–2009, as reported by the FAO<ref name="faostat">Based on data sourced from the [http://faostat.fao.org/site/629/default.aspx FishStat database]</ref>}}]]

=== Food ===
Cyprinids are highly important food fish; they are [[fishing|fished]] and [[fish farming|farmed]] across [[Eurasia]]. In [[land-locked]] countries in particular, cyprinids are often the major species of fish eaten because they make the largest part of [[biomass]] in most water types except for fast-flowing rivers. In Eastern Europe, they are often prepared with traditional methods such as drying and salting. The prevalence of inexpensive [[frozen food|frozen]] fish products made this less important now than it was in earlier times. Nonetheless, in certain places, they remain popular for food, as well as [[recreational fishing]], for ornamental use, and have been deliberately stocked in ponds and lakes for centuries for this reason.<ref>{{cite book|title=Fishlore: British Freshwater Fishes|last=MacMahon|first=Alexander Francis Magri|date=1946|publisher=Penguin Books|series=Pelican Books|volume=161|pages=149–152}}</ref>

=== Sport ===
Cyprinids are popular for angling especially for [[match fishing]] (due to their dominance in biomass and numbers) and fishing for common carp because of its size and strength.

=== As pest control ===
Several cyprinids have been introduced to waters outside their natural ranges to provide food, sport, or biological control for some [[pest (organism)|pest]] species. The common carp (''Cyprinus carpio'') and the grass carp (''Ctenopharyngodon idella'') are the most important of these, for example in [[Florida]].

=== As a pest species ===
Carp in particular can stir up [[sediment]], reducing the clarity of the water and making plant growth difficult.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Gulf States Marine Fisheries Commission |author-link=Gulf States Marine Fisheries Commission |date=3 August 2005 |title=Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus, 1758) |url=http://nis.gsmfc.org/nis_factsheet2.php?toc_id=183 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070818063036/http://nis.gsmfc.org/nis_factsheet2.php?toc_id=183 |archive-date=18 August 2007 |access-date=3 May 2007}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission |date=2006 |title=Exotic Freshwater Fishes |url=http://floridafisheries.com/Fishes/non-native.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070208232238/http://floridafisheries.com/Fishes/non-native.html |archive-date=8 February 2007 |access-date=5 March 2007}}</ref>

In America and Australia, such as the [[Asian carp]] in the [[Mississippi Basin]], they have become [[invasive species]] that compete with native fishes or disrupt the environment.

''Cyprinus carpio'' is a major pest species in [[Australia]] impacting freshwater environments, amenity, and the agricultural economy, devastating [[biodiversity]] by decimating native fish populations where they first became established as a major pest in the wild in the 1960s. In the major river system of eastern Australia, the [[Murray–Darling basin|Murray-Darling Basin]], they constitute 80–90 per cent of fish biomass.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Peterson |first1=Douglas |last2=Pearson |first2=James |last3=Simpson |first3=William |date=2022-05-30 |title=Effects of common carp on water quality and submerged vegetation: results from a short-term mesocosm experiment in an artificial wetland |journal=Marine and Freshwater Research |volume=73 |issue=7 |pages=973–994 |doi=10.1071/mf22008 |s2cid=249222934 |issn=1323-1650|doi-access=free }}</ref>

In 2016 the federal government announced A$15.2 million to fund the National Carp Control Plan to investigate using [[Cyprinid herpesvirus 3]] (carp virus) as a biological control agent while minimising impacts on industry and environment should a carp virus release go ahead. Despite initial, favourable assessment,<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Mankad |first1=Aditi |last2=Zhang |first2=Airong |last3=Carter |first3=Lucy |last4=Curnock |first4=Matthew |date=March 2022 |title=A path analysis of carp biocontrol: effect of attitudes, norms, and emotion on acceptance |url=https://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10530-021-02679-1 |journal=Biological Invasions |language=en |volume=24 |issue=3 |pages=709–723 |doi=10.1007/s10530-021-02679-1 |bibcode=2022BiInv..24..709M |s2cid=244518717 |issn=1387-3547}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-05-01/herpes-to-eradicate-carp-in-murray-river-pyne-says/7373736|title=Herpes virus to be used in fight against carp in Murray River, Christopher Pyne says|first1=Nick|last1=Kilvert|first2=Kerrin|last2=Thomas|publisher=Australian Broadcasting Corporation|website=ABC News|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160505164116/http://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-05-01/herpes-to-eradicate-carp-in-murray-river-pyne-says/7373736|archive-date=5 May 2016|date=1 May 2016}}</ref><ref name="CSIRO-Carp-herpesvirus">{{cite web | title=Carp herpesvirus | website=Managing Water Ecosystems - CSIRO | date=2018-04-26 | url=http://research.csiro.au/mwe/carp-herpesvirus/ | access-date=2020-11-09}}</ref> in 2020 this plan was found to be unlikely to work due to the high fecundity of the fish.<ref name="Mintram-2020">{{cite journal | last1=Mintram | first1=Kate S. | last2=Oosterhout | first2=Cock | last3=Lighten | first3=Jackie | editor-last=Knutie | editor-first=Sarah | title=Genetic variation in resistance and high fecundity impede viral biocontrol of invasive fish | journal=Journal of Applied Ecology | publisher=Wiley | date=2020-10-14 | volume=58 | pages=148–157 | issn=0021-8901 | doi=10.1111/1365-2664.13762 | doi-access=free }}</ref>

=== Aquarium fish ===
Numerous cyprinids have become popular and important within the [[fishkeeping|aquarium and fishpond]] hobbies, most famously the [[goldfish]], which was bred in China from the [[Prussian carp]] (''Carassius (auratus) gibelio''). First imported into Europe around 1728, it was originally much-fancied by the Chinese nobility as early as 1150{{nbsp}}AD and, after it arrived there in 1502, also in [[Japan]]. In addition to the goldfish, the common carp was bred in Japan into the colorful ornamental variety known as [[koi]] — or more accurately {{Nihongo|2=錦鯉|3=nishikigoi}}, as {{Nihongo|2=鯉|3=koi}} simply means "common carp" in [[Japanese language|Japanese]] — from the 18th century until today.

Other popular aquarium cyprinids include [[danionin]]s, [[Rasbora|rasborines]] and [[Barbinae|true barbs]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=Aquarium Atlas Volume 1|last1=Riehl|first1=R.|last2=Baensch|first2=H.|publisher=Voyageur Press|year=1996|pages=410}}</ref> Larger species are bred by the thousands in outdoor ponds, particularly in [[Southeast Asia]], and trade in these aquarium fishes is of considerable commercial importance. The small rasborines and danionines are perhaps only rivalled by [[characid]]s (tetras) and [[Poeciliidae|poecilid livebearers]] in their popularity for [[Community aquarium|community aquaria]].{{citation needed|date=April 2012}} Some of the most popular cyprinids among [[aquarists]], other than goldfish and koi, include the [[cherry barb]], [[Harlequin rasbora]], [[pearl danio]]s, [[rainbow shark]]s, [[tiger barb]]s, and the [[White Cloud Mountain minnow]].

One particular species of these small and undemanding danionines is the [[zebrafish]] (''Danio rerio''). It has become the standard [[model species]] for studying developmental genetics of [[vertebrate]]s, in particular fish.<ref>{{cite book|title=The diversity of fishes|last1=Helfman|first1=Gene S.|last2=Collette|first2=Bruce B.|last3=Facey|first3=Douglas E.|date=1997|publisher=Blackwell Science|isbn=978-0-86542-256-8|location=Malden, Mass|pages=228|oclc=299475257}}</ref>

=== Threatened families ===
[[Habitat destruction]] and other causes have reduced the wild stocks of several cyprinids to dangerously low levels; some are already entirely [[extinct]]. In particular, the cyprinids of the subfamily [[Leuciscinae]] from southwestern North America have been severely affected by [[pollution]] and unsustainable water use in the early to mid-20th century. The majority of globally extinct [[Cypriniformes|cypriniform]] species in fact belong to the leuciscinid cyprinids from the southwestern United States and northern Mexico.