Editing Cupertino, California (section)

==History==
[[File:Cupertino Improvement Committee around 1954.jpg|thumb|left|Cupertino Improvement Assn., 1954]]
In the 19th century, Cupertino was a small rural village at the crossroads of Stevens Creek Road and Saratoga-Mountain View Road (also known locally as Highway 9; later Saratoga–Sunnyvale Road, and then renamed to De Anza Boulevard within Cupertino city limits).  For decades, the intersection was dominated on the southeast corner by the R. Cali Brothers Feed Mill,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.mercurynews.com/2011/07/21/looking-back-r-cali-brothers-mill/ |title=Looking Back: R. Cali Brothers Mill |date=July 21, 2011 |access-date=July 4, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190704042823/https://www.mercurynews.com/2011/07/21/looking-back-r-cali-brothers-mill/ |archive-date=July 4, 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref>  which is replaced today with the Cali Mill Plaza and City Hall.  Back then, it was known as the West Side and was part of Fremont Township. The primary economic activity was fruit agriculture. Almost all of the land within Cupertino's present-day boundaries was covered by [[prune]], [[plum]], [[apricot]], and [[cherry]] orchards. A winery on Montebello Ridge overlooking the Cupertino valley region was also in operation by the late 19th century.

Soon railroads, electric railways, and dirt roads traversed the West Side farmlands. [[Monta Vista]], Cupertino's first housing tract, was developed in the mid-20th century as a result of the electric railway's construction.

After [[World War II]], a population and suburban housing boom dramatically shifted the demographics and economy of the [[Santa Clara Valley]], as the "Valley of Heart's Delight" was beginning to transform into "[[Silicon Valley]]". In 1954, a rancher, Norman Nathanson, the Cupertino-Monta Vista Improvement Association, and the Fact Finding Committee, began a drive for incorporation. On September 27, 1955, voters approved the incorporation of the city of Cupertino (225 voted "yes" and 183 voted "no"). Cupertino officially became Santa Clara County's 13th city on October 10, 1955.

A major milestone in Cupertino's development was the creation by some of the city's largest landowners of VALLCO Business and Industrial Park in the early 1960s. Of the 25 property owners, 17 decided to pool their land to form VALLCO Park, 6 sold to [[Varian Associates]] (property later sold to [[Hewlett-Packard]]), and two opted for transplanting to farms elsewhere. The name VALLCO was derived from the names of the principal developers: Varian Associates and the Leonard, Lester, Craft, and Orlando families. A neighborhood outdoor shopping center and, much later, the enclosed [[Vallco Shopping Mall|Vallco Fashion Park]], briefly renamed Cupertino Square, were also developed.

[[De Anza College]] opened in 1967. The college, named for [[Juan Bautista De Anza]], occupies a {{convert|112|acre|km2|adj=on}} site that was the location of a winery built at the turn of the 20th century, called Beaulieu by its owners, Charles and Ella Baldwin. Their mansion has now become the California History Center. De Anza College had 16,335 students as of 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |title=De Anza College - College |url=https://nces.ed.gov/globallocator/col_info_popup.asp?ID=113333 |access-date=January 22, 2024 |website=nces.ed.gov}}</ref>

By the 1980s, [[Apple Inc.]] and Hewlett-Packard were the primary technology companies with major presences in Cupertino, with

Housing developments were rapidly constructed in the following years as developers created neighborhoods, including Fairgrove, Garden Gate, [[Monta Vista]], Seven Springs, and other developments. The city is known for its high real estate prices.{{Citation needed|date=September 2023}}

2010 saw HP consolidate its Bay Area workforce in its hometown of [[Palo Alto, California|Palo Alto]], and the company proceeded to close its campus within Cupertino. The city estimated that the closure of the campus would lead to 3,000 to 3,500 employees being relocated.<ref>{{Cite web |date=July 16, 2010 |title=HP to Close Cupertino Campus - CBS San Francisco |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/sanfrancisco/news/hp-to-close-cupertino-campus/ |access-date=September 21, 2023 |website=www.cbsnews.com |language=en-US |archive-date=February 25, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240225140759/https://www.cbsnews.com/sanfrancisco/news/hp-to-close-cupertino-campus/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Apple eventually bought the campus site from HP for an undisclosed price and prepared to use the land to build [[Apple Park]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Apple iPhone 15 Pro and 15 Pro Max Review: Love at First Zoom |url=https://www.cnet.com/tech/mobile/apple-iphone-15-pro-and-15-pro-max-review-love-at-first-zoom/ |access-date=September 21, 2023 |website=CNET |language=en |archive-date=September 21, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230921172143/https://www.cnet.com/tech/mobile/apple-iphone-15-pro-and-15-pro-max-review-love-at-first-zoom/ |url-status=live }}</ref>