Editing Creaky voice (section)

==Social aspects==
{{main|Vocal fry register}}
Use of creaky voice across general speech and in singing is termed "vocal fry".

Some evidence exists of vocal fry becoming more common in the speech of young female speakers of American English in the early 21st century,<ref name=Yuasa/> with researcher Ikuko Patricia Yuasa finding that college-age Americans perceived female creaky voice as "hesitant, nonaggressive, and informal but also educated, urban-oriented, and upwardly mobile."<ref name=Yuasa>{{cite journal | author = Yuasa, I. P. | title = Creaky Voice: A New Feminine Voice Quality for Young Urban-Oriented Upwardly Mobile American Women? | journal = American Speech | year = 2010 | volume = 85 | issue = 3 | pages = 315–337 | doi = 10.1215/00031283-2010-018 }}</ref>

It is subsequently theorized that vocal fry may be a way for women to sound more "authoritative" and credible by using it to emulate the deeper male register.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Dilley |first1=L. |last2=Shattuck-Hufnagel |first2=S. |last3=Ostendorf |first3=M. |title=Glottalization of word-initial vowels as a function of prosodic structure |journal=Journal of Phonetics |date=1996 |volume=24 |issue=4 |pages=423–444 |url=http://speechlab.cas.msu.edu/PDF/Old%20Publications/Dilley,%20Shattuck-Hufnagel%20&%20Ostendorf%201996.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170522150205/http://speechlab.cas.msu.edu/PDF/Old%20Publications/Dilley,%20Shattuck-Hufnagel%20&%20Ostendorf%201996.pdf |archive-date=2017-05-22 |url-status=live |doi=10.1006/jpho.1996.0023}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Coates |first1=Jennifer |title=Women, men and language: a sociolinguistic account of gender differences in language |date=2016 |publisher=Routledge |location=London |isbn=9781138948785 |edition=3rd |doi=10.4324/9781315645612 |series=Routledge Linguistics Classics}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Hollien |first1=Harry |last2=Moore |first2=Paul |last3=Wendahl |first3=Ronald W. |last4=Michel |first4=John F. |title=On the Nature of Vocal Fry |journal=Journal of Speech and Hearing Research |date=1966 |volume=9 |issue=2 |pages=245–247 |doi=10.1044/jshr.0902.245 |publisher=[[American Speech–Language–Hearing Association]] |pmid=5925528}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Borkowska |first1=Barbara |last2=Pawłowski |first2=Bogusław |title=Female voice frequency in the context of dominance and attractiveness perception |journal=[[Animal Behaviour (journal)|Animal Behaviour]] |date=2011 |volume=82 |issue=1 |pages=55–59 |doi=10.1016/j.anbehav.2011.03.024 |publisher=[[Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour]], Elsevier|s2cid=53275785 }}</ref> Yuasa<ref name=Yuasa/> further theorizes that because California is at the center of much of the entertainment industry, young Americans may unconsciously be using creaky voice more because of the media they consume.