Editing Council of Florence (section)

==Council of Basel==
The Council was seated on 14 December 1431, at a period when the [[conciliar movement]] was strong and the authority of the papacy weak.{{citation needed|date=March 2017}} The Council at Basel opened with only a few bishops and abbots attending, but it grew rapidly and to make its numbers greater gave the lower orders a majority over the bishops. It adopted an anti-papal attitude, proclaimed the superiority of the Council over the Pope, and [[Profession of the supreme pontiff (Council of Basel)|prescribed an oath]] to be taken by each new Pope. On 18 December Martin's successor, [[Pope Eugene IV]], tried to dissolve it and open a new council on Italian soil at Bologna, but he was overruled.{{clarify|date=March 2017}}

The council was held in the Cathedral of Basel, where benches were placed for the 400 and more members, and general congregations were held either in the cathedral or in its chapter house.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Minnich|first=Nelson H.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jn10DwAAQBAJ|title=The Decrees of the Fifth Lateran Council (1512–17): Their Legitimacy, Origins, Contents, and Implementation|date=2018-10-24|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-351-89173-8|language=en}}</ref> The clerks of ceremonies were [[Pope Pius II|Enea Silvio Piccolomini]] and Michel Brunout.<ref name=":0" />

[[Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor|Sigismund]], King of Hungary and titular King of Bohemia, had been defeated at the [[Battle of Domažlice]] in the fifth crusade against the [[Hussites]] in August 1431. Under his sponsorship, the Council negotiated a peace with the [[Calixtines|Calixtine faction]] of the Hussites in January 1433. Pope Eugene acknowledged the council in May and crowned Sigismund [[Holy Roman Emperor]] on 31 May 1433. The [[Taborites|divided Hussites]] were [[Battle of Lipany|defeated in May]] 1434. In June 1434, the pope had to flee a revolt in Rome and began a ten-year exile in [[Florence]].