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=== Early history === {{Main|Susquehannock}} The area around present-day Columbia was originally populated by [[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] tribes, most notably the [[Susquehannock]]s, who migrated to the area between 1575 and 1600{{citation needed|reason=what explorer or missionary is driving these numbers?|date=August 2016}} after separating{{citation needed|reason=source?|date=August 2016}} from the [[Iroquois Confederacy]]. They established villages just south of Columbia, in what is now [[Washington Boro, Pennsylvania|Washington Boro]],{{citation needed|reason=source?|date=August 2016}} as well as claiming at least hunting lands as far south as [[Maryland]] and northern [[Virginia]].<ref name="AmHeritageBk">{{cite encyclopedia |year=1961 |title=The American Heritage Book of Indians |editor=Alvin M. Josephy, Jr |pages=188β219|publisher=American Heritage Publishing |lccn=61-14871 }}</ref> <!-- The following information, while interesting, doesn't mention Columbia anywhere: [[Captain John Smith]] reported on the Susquehannock in glowing superlatives when a traveling group visited [[Jamestown, Virginia]];<ref name="AmHeritageBk" /> Jones estimated their numbers to be about 2,000 in the early 1600s. The French ran across them in the area around [[Buffalo, New York|Buffalo]], apparently visiting the [[Wenro]], and suggesting their numbers were far greater. The [[Province of Maryland]] fought a declared war for nearly a decade, signing a peace in 1632, against the Susquehannock Confederation, who were allied to [[New Sweden]], from whom they were receiving firearms in exchange for furs.<ref name="AmHeritageBk" /> The ''American Heritage Book of Indians'' reports the tribe occupied the entire Susquehanna drainage basin<ref name="AmHeritageBk" /> from the divide with the [[Mohawk River]] in the [[Province of New York]] and down the west side of [[Chesapeake Bay]] to the [[Colony of Virginia]], while noting the confederation numbered between 10-20,000 in the mid-1660s when they came close to wiping out two nations of the [[Iroquois]].<ref name="AmHeritageBk" /> A virulent epidemic struck the Susquehannock towns during 1668 or 1669 and is believed<ref name="AmHeritageBk" /> to have lasted or recurred or morphed to plagues of other diseases, possibly killing up to 90% of the Amerindian nations people. By 1671-1672 they were beset on all sides<ref name="AmHeritageBk" /> with attacks from colonial settlers, raids from the weakened Iroquois and the long-subjugated [[Lenape]] people occupying the [[Poconos]] and [[Lehigh River|Lehigh Valley]]. In that decade, Pennsylvania, [[Connecticut]] and New York all claimed the Susquehannock lands of the [[Wyoming Valley]], where the remnants of the nation were to recoil into a few scant underpopulated towns. In 1678, the governor of New York signed a treaty with the [[League of the Iroquois]] requiring them to take in the Susquehannocks. The Iroquoian cultures, universally supporting adoption, absorbed the people. Small bands moved west across the Susquehanna to new villages such as [[Conestoga Town]] and some are believed to have trekked through the [[gaps of the Allegheny]] to the virtually empty lands beyond the [[Alleghenies]], perhaps mingling there with other Iroquoian peoples such as the [[Seneca people|Seneca]], [[Wenro]] and [[Erie people]]s forming the new clans and towns as the (new) [[Mingo people]] whose small bands known to be present in Western Pennsylvania and Eastern Ohio in the early 1800s.<ref name="AmHeritageBk" /> ...end off-topic section-->
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