Editing College (section)

==Overview==

===Higher education===
[[File:Strand102.jpg|thumb|upright|[[King's College London]], established by a [[Royal charter|Royal Charter]] in 1829, is one of the founding colleges of the [[University of London]].]]
Within higher education, the term can be used to refer to:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/british/college_1|title=college noun (EDUCATION)|work=Cambridge Dictionary Online|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110904005447/http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/british/college_1|archive-date=4 September 2011}}</ref> 
* A constituent part of a [[collegiate university]], for example [[King's College, Cambridge]], or of a federal university, for example [[King's College London]].
* A [[liberal arts college]], an independent institution of higher education focusing on undergraduate education, such as [[Williams College]] or [[Amherst College]].
* A liberal arts division of a university whose undergraduate program does not otherwise follow a liberal arts model, such as the [[Yuanpei College]] at [[Peking University]].
* An [[institute]] providing specialised training, such as a college of [[further education]], for example [[Belfast Metropolitan College]], a teacher training college, or an art college.
* A [[Catholic higher education]] institute which includes universities, colleges, and other institutions of higher education privately run by the Catholic Church, typically by religious institutes. Those tied to the Holy See are specifically called pontifical universities.
* In the [[United States]], college is sometimes but rarely a synonym for a research university, such as [[Dartmouth College]], one of the eight universities in the [[Ivy League]].
* In the [[United States]], the undergraduate college of a university which also confers graduate degrees, such as [[Yale College]], the undergraduate college within [[Yale University]].

===Further education===
{{Main|Sixth form college}}
A [[sixth form college]] or [[college of further education]] is an educational institution in [[England]], [[Wales]], [[Northern Ireland]], [[Belize]], the [[Caribbean]], [[Malta]], [[Norway]], [[Brunei]], and [[Southern Africa]], among others, where students aged 16 to 19 typically study for advanced school-level qualifications, such as [[GCE Advanced Level|A-levels]], [[Business and Technology Education Council|BTEC]], HND or its equivalent and the [[International Baccalaureate Diploma]], or school-level qualifications such as [[GCSEs]]. In [[Singapore]] and [[India]], this is known as a [[junior college]]. The municipal government of the city of [[Paris]] uses the phrase "sixth form college" as the English name for a [[lycée]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.paris.fr/english/guide-for-foreign-residents/the-necessary-steps-to-settling-in/children-families/rub_8145_stand_33668_port_18796|title=Children & families|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120905035412/http://www.paris.fr/english/guide-for-foreign-residents/the-necessary-steps-to-settling-in/children-families/rub_8145_stand_33668_port_18796|archive-date=2012-09-05|publisher=City of Paris|access-date=20 July 2010}}</ref>

===Secondary education===
[[File:Scotch from chapel.JPG|thumb|right|[[Scotch College, Melbourne]], an independent secondary school in [[Australia]] ]]
In some national education systems, [[secondary school]]s may be called "colleges" or have "college" as part of their title.

In Australia the term "college" is applied to any private or independent (non-government) primary and, especially, secondary school as distinct from a [[state school]]. [[Melbourne Grammar School]], [[Cranbrook School, Sydney]] and [[The King's School, Parramatta]] are considered colleges.

There has also been a recent trend to rename or create government [[secondary schools]] as "colleges". In the state of [[Victoria (Australia)|Victoria]], some state high schools are referred to as ''secondary colleges'', although the pre-eminent government secondary school for boys in [[Melbourne]] is still named [[Melbourne High School]]. In Western Australia, South Australia and the [[Northern Territory]], "college" is used in the name of all state high schools built since the late 1990s, and also some older ones. In [[New South Wales]], some high schools, especially multi-campus schools resulting from mergers, are known as "secondary colleges". In [[Queensland]] some newer schools which accept primary and high school students are styled ''state college'', but state schools offering only secondary education are called "State High School". In [[Tasmania]] and the [[Australian Capital Territory]], "college" refers to the final two years of high school (years 11 and 12), and the institutions which provide this. In this context, "college" is a system independent of the other years of high school. Here, the expression is a shorter version of ''matriculation college''.

In a number of Canadian cities, many government-run secondary schools are called "collegiates" or "[[collegiate institutes]]" (C.I.), a complicated form of the word "college" which avoids the usual "post-secondary" connotation. This is because these secondary schools have traditionally focused on academic, rather than vocational, subjects and ability levels (for example, collegiates offered Latin while vocational schools offered technical courses). Some private secondary schools (such as [[Upper Canada College]], [[Vancouver College]]) choose to use the word "college" in their names nevertheless.<ref>[http://www.edu.gov.on.ca/eng/general/elemsec/privsch/search.asp Private Elementary and Secondary Schools] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090109045046/http://www.edu.gov.on.ca/eng/general/elemsec/privsch/search.asp |date=9 January 2009 }} search form on the Ministry of Education of Ontario web site—enter "college" in the "name contains" field and check the "secondary" checkbox</ref> Some secondary schools elsewhere in the country, particularly ones within the [[separate school]] system, may also use the word "college" or "collegiate" in their names.<ref>[http://sbinfo.edu.gov.on.ca/schadv.asp Find a School or School Board] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090908182055/http://sbinfo.edu.gov.on.ca/schadv.asp |date=8 September 2009 }} search form on the Ministry of Education of Ontario web site—click "Secondary" and "Separate"</ref>

In New Zealand the word "college" normally refers to a secondary school for ages 13 to 17 and "college" appears as part of the name especially of private or integrated schools. "Colleges" most frequently appear in the North Island, whereas "high schools" are more common in the South Island.

In the Netherlands, "college" is equivalent to [[Education in the Netherlands#HBO|HBO]] (Higher professional education). It is oriented towards professional training with a clear occupational outlook, unlike universities which are scientifically oriented.<ref name="tudelft.nl">{{Cite web|url=https://www.tudelft.nl/en/education/information-and-experience/whats-the-difference-between-hbo-and-wo|title=What's the difference between HBO and WO?|website=TU Delft|access-date=29 June 2020|archive-date=28 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728171330/https://www.tudelft.nl/en/education/information-and-experience/whats-the-difference-between-hbo-and-wo/|url-status=live}}</ref>

[[File:St Johns College Johannesburg.jpg|thumb|[[St John's College (Johannesburg, South Africa)|St John's College, Johannesburg]], a [[single-sex education|boys' school]] in [[South Africa]] ]]

In South Africa, some secondary schools, especially private schools on the English public school model, have "college" in their title, including six of South Africa's Elite Seven high schools. A typical example of this category would be [[St John's College (Johannesburg, South Africa)|St John's College]].

Private schools that specialize in improving children's marks through intensive focus on examination needs are informally called "cram-colleges".

In [[Sri Lanka]] the word "college" (known as ''Vidyalaya'' in ''[[Sinhala language|Sinhala]]'') normally refers to a secondary school, which usually signifies above the 5th standard. During the British colonial period a limited number of exclusive secondary schools were established based on English public school model ([[Royal College Colombo]], [[S. Thomas' College, Mount Lavinia]], [[Trinity College, Kandy]]) these along with several Catholic schools ([[St. Joseph's College, Colombo]], [[St. Anthony's College, Kandy|St Anthony's College]]) traditionally carry their name as colleges. Following the start of free education in 1931 large group of [[Madhya Maha Vidyalayas|central colleges]] were established to educate the rural masses. Since Sri Lanka gained Independence in 1948, many schools that have been established have been named as "college".{{citation needed|date=December 2014}}

===Other===
[[File:Royal College Colombo main building.jpg|thumb|right|[[Royal College Colombo]], a [[single-sex education|boys' school]] located in [[Colombo]], [[Sri Lanka]] ]]

As well as an educational institution, the term, in accordance with its etymology, may also refer to any formal group of colleagues set up under statute or regulation; often under a Royal Charter. Examples include an [[electoral college]], the [[College of Arms]], a [[college (Catholic canon law)|college of canons]], and the [[College of Cardinals]]. Other collegiate bodies include professional associations, particularly in medicine and allied professions. In the UK these include the [[Royal College of Nursing]] and the [[Royal College of Physicians]]. Examples in the United States include the [[American College of Physicians]], the [[American College of Surgeons]], and the American College of Dentists. An example in Australia is the [[Royal Australian College of General Practitioners]].