Editing Clifton Webb (section)

==Career==
{{moresources|section|date=April 2025}}
===Broadway===
In 1909, using his new stage name, 19-year-old Clifton Webb had become a professional ballroom dancer, often partnering with "exceedingly decorative" star dancer Bonnie Glass (she would eventually replace him with [[Rudolph Valentino]]); they would perform in about two dozen operettas. His debut on [[Broadway theatre|Broadway]] began when ''The Purple Road'' opened at the [[Liberty Theatre (New York, New York)|Liberty Theatre]] on April 7, 1913; he played the role of Bosco for the 136 performances before closing in August. His mother (billed as Mabel Parmalee) was listed in the program as a member of the opening-night cast. His next musical was an [[Al Jolson]] vehicle, [[Sigmund Romberg]]'s ''Dancing Around'', which opened at the [[Winter Garden Theatre]] on October 10, 1914, ran for 145 performances, and closed in the following February. Later in 1915, Webb was cast in the all-star revue ''[[Ned Wayburn]]'s [[Town Topics (musical)|Town Topics]]'', which boasted 117 famous performers, including [[Will Rogers]], as listed in the [[Century Theatre (New York City)|Century Theatre]] opening-night program for September 23, 1915. It closed 68 performances later on November 20, 1915. In 1916, he had another short run with [[Cole Porter]]'s [[comic opera]] ''[[See America First]]'', which opened at the [[Maxine Elliott Theatre]] on March 28, 1916, and closed after 15 performances on April 8, 1916.
[[File:American Red Cross Pageant, Huntington, L.I., New York - 1917 - NARA - 20802268 (cropped).jpg|thumb|left|Webb (third from right) in a 1917 theatre production of ''[[National Red Cross Pageant]]'' with [[Eugene O'Brien (actor)|Eugene O'Brien]], [[Ivy Troutman]], [[Jeanne Eagels]], and others]]

The year 1917 proved to be better, with a 233-performance run of [[Jerome Kern]]'s ''[[Love O' Mike]]'', opening on January 15 at the [[Shubert Theatre (Broadway)|Shubert Theatre]]. After moving to [[Maxine Elliott's Theatre]], and then the [[Casino Theatre (New York, New York)|Casino Theatre]], it closed on September 29, 1917. Webb also appeared that year with other Broadway stars in the ''[[National Red Cross Pageant]]'' a 50-minute film of a stage production held to benefit the [[American Red Cross]]. Webb's final show of the 1910s, the musical ''Listen Lester'', had the longest run, 272 performances. It opened at the [[Knickerbocker Theatre (Broadway)|Knickerbocker Theatre]] on December 23, 1918, and closed in August 1919.

In the 1920s, Webb played in eight Broadway shows and made numerous other stage appearances, including [[vaudeville]], and a handful of [[silent cinema|silent films]]. The revue ''As You Were'', with additional songs by [[Cole Porter]], opened at the Central Theatre on January 29, 1920, running 143 performances until May 29, 1920. Webb was busy with films, tours, and an appearance at the [[London Pavilion]] in 1921 as Mr. St. Louis in ''Fun of the Fayre'' and in 1922 in ''[[Phi-Phi]]'' – he did not return to Broadway until 1923. He then played in the musical ''Jack and Jill'' at the [[Lunt-Fontanne Theatre|Globe Theatre]] for 92 performances between March 22 and June 9 of 1923, followed by Lynn Starling's comic play ''[[Meet the Wife (1923 Broadway play)|Meet the Wife]]'', which opened on November 26, 1923, and ran through the summer of 1924. One of the play's leads was 24-year-old [[Humphrey Bogart]]. In 1925, Webb appeared on stage in a dance act with vaudeville star and silent film actress [[Mary Hay (actress)|Mary Hay]]. Later that year, when her husband, [[Richard Barthelmess]] and she decided to produce and star the film ''New Toys'', they chose Webb to be second lead. The film proved to be financially successful, but 19 more years would pass before Webb appeared in another feature film.

Webb's mainstay was clearly [[Broadway theatre]]. Between 1913 and 1947, the tall, slender performer with the clear, gentle tenor appeared in 23 Broadway shows, starting with major supporting roles and quickly progressing to leads. He introduced [[George Gershwin|George]] and [[Ira Gershwin]]'s "[[I've Got a Crush on You]]" in ''Treasure Girl'' in 1928; [[Arthur Schwartz]] and [[Howard Dietz]]'s "[[I Guess I'll Have to Change My Plan]]" in ''The Little Show'' in 1929; "Louisiana Hayride" in ''[[Flying Colors (musical)|Flying Colors]]'' in 1932; and [[Irving Berlin]]'s “[[Easter Parade (song)|Easter Parade]]" in the very successful revue ''As Thousands Cheer''. His steamy duet with [[Libby Holman]] of “[[Moanin' Low]]” stunned the crowd nightly.<ref>Green, Kay Broadway Musicals, Show By Show.1996 Hal Leonard Corporation. {{ISBN|0-7935-7750-0}}</ref> in 1933. One of his stage sketches, performed with co-star [[Fred Allen]], was filmed by [[Vitaphone]] as a short subject entitled ''[[The Still Alarm (1930 film)|The Still Alarm]]'' in 1930. Allen's experiences while working with Webb in the film appear in Allen's memoirs.

Most of Webb's Broadway shows were musicals, but he also starred in [[Oscar Wilde]]'s ''[[The Importance of Being Earnest]]'', and his longtime friend [[Noël Coward]]'s plays ''[[Blithe Spirit (play)|Blithe Spirit]]'' and ''[[Present Laughter]]''.

===''Laura'' &ndash; established as character actor===
[[File:Clifton Webb in Laura trailer.jpg|thumb|Webb's performance in ''[[Laura (1944 film)|Laura]]'' earned him an Academy Award nomination.]]
Webb was in his mid-fifties when actor/director [[Otto Preminger]] chose him over the objections of [[20th Century Fox]] chief [[Darryl F. Zanuck]] to play the elegant but evil radio columnist Waldo Lydecker, who is obsessed with [[Gene Tierney]]'s character in the 1944 [[film noir]] ''[[Laura (1944 film)|Laura]]''. Zanuck reportedly found Webb too effeminate as a person and an actor; he wanted [[Laird Cregar]] to play the role; but Cregar by then was well established as an on-screen villain and Preminger wanted someone who would surprise the audience.

Webb's performance won him wide acclaim, and he received an [[Academy Awards|Academy Award]] nomination for [[Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor|Best Actor in a Supporting Role]]. Despite Zanuck's original objection, Webb was signed to a long-term contract with Fox. He worked for them solely for the rest of his career. His first film under the contract was ''[[The Dark Corner]]'' (1946), a film noir directed by [[Henry Hathaway]]; as in ''Laura'', Webb played a suave villain. He was then reunited with Tierney in another highly praised role as the elitist Elliott Templeton in ''[[The Razor's Edge (1946 film)|The Razor's Edge]]'' (1946). He received another Academy Award nomination for Best Actor in a Supporting Role.

===''Sitting Pretty'' and stardom===
Webb was billed in a starring role in ''[[Sitting Pretty (1948 film)|Sitting Pretty]]'', playing [[Lynn Aloysius Belvedere|Mr. Belvedere]], a snide, know-it-all babysitter. It was a huge hit and Webb received an Oscar nomination for [[Academy Award for Best Actor|Best Actor in a Leading Role]]. Fox promptly put Webb in a sequel, ''[[Mr. Belvedere Goes to College]]'' (1949) where Belvedere has to complete his college degree and acts as matchmaker. It was another box office success.

In the film ''[[Cheaper by the Dozen (1950 film)|Cheaper by the Dozen]]'' (1950), Webb and [[Myrna Loy]] played [[Frank Bunker Gilbreth Sr.|Frank]] and [[Lillian Moller Gilbreth|Lillian Gilbreth]], real-life efficiency experts of the 1910s and 1920s, and the parents of 12 children. It resulted in Webb's third hit in a row and led to exhibitors voting him the seventh biggest star in the United States. Less successful at the box-office was ''[[For Heaven's Sake (1950 film)|For Heaven's Sake]]'' (1950) in which Webb played an angel trying to help a couple on earth. He made ''[[Mr. Belvedere Rings the Bell]]'' (1951), with Belvedere causing trouble in an old-folks home, but the film was not as successful at the box-office as the first two, resulting in the end of the series.

Webb played a father trying to cancel his daughter Anne Francis' marriage in ''[[Elopement (film)|Elopement]]'' (1952), a minor hit. He made a brief appearance in ''[[Belles on Their Toes (film)|Belles on Their Toes]]'' (1952), on a sequel to ''Cheaper by the Dozen'', which covered the family's life after the death of the father. He then starred in ''[[Dreamboat (film)|Dreamboat]]'' (1952) as college professor Thornton Sayre, who in his younger days was known as silent-film idol Bruce "Dreamboat" Blair. Now a distinguished academic who wants no part of his past fame, he sets out to stop the showing of his old films on [[television]]. The film concludes with Webb's alter ego Sayre watching himself star in ''[[Sitting Pretty (1948 film)|Sitting Pretty]]''.

Around the same time, he starred in the [[Technicolor]] film biography of bandmaster [[John Philip Sousa]], ''[[Stars and Stripes Forever (film)|Stars and Stripes Forever]]'' (also 1952). He was a Belvedere-like scoutmaster in ''[[Mister Scoutmaster]]'' (1953). Webb had his most dramatic role as the doomed but brave husband of unfaithful [[Barbara Stanwyck]] in ''[[Titanic (1953 film)|Titanic]]'' (also 1953). Writer [[Walter Reisch]] says this movie was created in part as a vehicle for Webb by Fox, who wanted to push Webb into more serious roles.<ref name="walter">{{cite book|url=http://publishing.cdlib.org/ucpressebooks/view?docId=ft0z09n7m0&chunk.id=d0e11350&toc.id=d0e11350&brand=ucpress|pages=237–238|title=Backstory 2: Interviews with Screenwriters of the 1940s and 1950s.|publisher= Berkeley: University of California Press|date=1991|last=McGilligan|first=Patrick}}</ref> Soon afterward, he played the (fictional) novelist John Frederick Shadwell in ''[[Three Coins in the Fountain (film)|Three Coins in the Fountain]]'' (1954), romancing [[Dorothy McGuire]]. It was a huge hit. He was top billed as a company owner in ''[[Woman's World (1954 film)|Woman's World]]'' (1954), a corporate drama.

The British film ''[[The Man Who Never Was]]'' (1956) featured Webb playing the part of [[Royal Navy]] Lt. Cmdr. [[Ewen Montagu]] in the true story of [[Operation Mincemeat]], the elaborate plan to deceive the Axis powers about the Allied invasion of [[Sicily]] during [[World War II]]. In ''[[Boy on a Dolphin]]'' (1957), second-billed to [[Alan Ladd]], with third-billed [[Sophia Loren]], he portrayed a wealthy sophisticate who enjoyed collecting illegally obtained [[Greece|Greek]] antiquities. In a nod to his own identity, the character's name was Victor Parmalee.

He starred in ''[[The Remarkable Mr. Pennypacker]]'' (1959), a ''Cheaper By the Dozen'' comedy as a man with two families, and ''[[Holiday for Lovers]]'' (1959), a family comedy set in South America. Neither was particularly successful. Fox was developing ''[[Journey to the Center of the Earth (1959 film)|Journey to the Center of the Earth]]'' (1959) as a vehicle for Webb, but when he fell ill and was unable to work, [[James Mason]] stepped into the role.<ref>{{Cite book|last=McGilligan|first=Pat|title=Backstory 2: Interviews with Screenwriters of the 1940s and 1950s|publisher=University of California Press|year=1991|isbn=|location=|pages=243–244}}</ref> Webb's final film role was an initially sarcastic, but ultimately self-sacrificing [[Catholic Church|Catholic]] priest in [[Leo McCarey]]'s ''[[Satan Never Sleeps]]'' (1962). The film showed the victory of [[Mao Zedong|Mao Tse-tung]]'s armies in the [[Chinese Civil War]], which ended with his ascension to power in 1949, but was actually filmed in [[United Kingdom|Britain]] during the summer of 1961, using sets left from the film ''[[The Inn of the Sixth Happiness]]'' (1958), which was also set in China.

Webb was honored with a star on the [[Hollywood Walk of Fame]] at 6850 Hollywood Boulevard for his contributions to the motion picture industry.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.walkoffame.com/clifton-webb |title=Clifton Webb |website=walkoffame.com|date=October 25, 2019 }}</ref>

Webb's portrayal of Lynn Belvedere was the model for the "Mr. Peabody" character in the "'''Peabody's Improbable History'''" segment of the animated cartoon series ''[[The Adventures of Rocky and Bullwinkle and Friends]]''. And the 1980's television sitcom Mr. Belvedere was based on Webb's character, with [[Christopher Hewett]] in the title role.