Editing Charles the Simple (section)

== King of West Francia ==
In 893, at the age of 14, Charles was crowned by a faction opposed to the rule of Odo at the [[Reims Cathedral]], becoming monarch of [[West Francia]] only after the death of Odo in 898.<ref name="Parisse">Michel Parisse, "Lotharingia", ''The New Cambridge Medieval History, III: c. 900–c. 1024'', ed. [[Timothy Reuter]] (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005), 313–15.</ref>

In 911, a group of [[Vikings]] led by [[Rollo]] besieged [[Paris]] and [[Chartres]]. After a victory near Chartres on 26 August, Charles decided to negotiate with Rollo, resulting in the [[Treaty of Saint-Clair-sur-Epte]] which created the [[Duchy of Normandy]]. In return for the Vikings' loyalty, they were granted all the land between the river [[Epte]] and the sea, as well as [[Duchy of Brittany]], which at the time was an independent country which West Francia had unsuccessfully tried to conquer. Rollo also agreed to be baptised and to marry Charles's daughter [[Gisela of France|Gisela]].<ref>Ordericus Vitalis [1075 – c. 1142 CE], trans. Thomas Forester, ''The Ecclesiastical History of England and Normandy, Volume 1'' (London: H.G. Bohn, 1853), 379–81. More-recent discussion of critical sourcing in Leah Shopkow, "Dudo of St.-Quentin and His Patrons", in Thomas E. Burman et al., ''Religion, Text, and Society in Medieval Spain and Northern Europe: Essays in Honor of J.N. Hillgarth''  (Toronto: Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies, 2002), 307–11. {{ISBN|9780888448163}}</ref>