Editing Carmen Jones (section)

==Music==
[[Oscar Hammerstein II]] heavily adapted the [[libretto]] for [[Georges Bizet]]'s opera ''[[Carmen]]'' from the original French for his Broadway production. Arts and Entertainment Editor Elisabeth Vincentelli clarifies: <blockquote>"The music was pretty much left intact, but Hammerstein transferred the action to World War II America. Carmen's tobacco factory became Carmen Jones' [[parachute]] factory, bullfighter Escamillo became boxer Husky Miller, and so on. As if this weren't enough, there also was the 'small' detail of casting the show only with African-Americans...many of the show's songs retain a surprising impact. The feverish intensity of 'Beat Out dat Rhythm on a Drum', for instance, hasn't dimmed over the years, and the song's been covered by a wide variety of performers, from [[Pearl Bailey]] and [[Marc Almond]] to [[Mandy Patinkin]]."<ref>{{Citation |last1=Georges Bizet |title=Carmen Jones 1943 Original Broadway Cast |url=https://www.amazon.com/Carmen-Jones-1943-Original-Broadway/dp/B00008BNUK |publisher=Decca Broadway |access-date=2022-05-24 |last2=Oscar Hammerstein II |last3=Muriel Smith |last4=Luther Saxon |last5=Glenn Bryant |last6=Carlotta Franzel |last7=June Hawkins}}</ref><ref>{{Citation |title=Carmen Jones (1955): "Beat Out dat Rhythm on a Drum" - Pearl Bailey - Full Song/ Dance - Musicals | date=22 January 2020 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=88rRu4F1WK0 |language=en |access-date=2022-06-26}}</ref></blockquote>  The majority of the actors performing the songs in the film ''[[Carmen Jones (film)|Carmen Jones]]'' were dubbed. Even singer [[Harry Belafonte]] was dubbed by LeVern Hutcherson, and [[Dorothy Dandridge]] was dubbed by [[Marilyn Horne]] (long before Horne became a well-known opera singer).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.marilynhorne.org/marilynhorne.html|title=About Marilyn Horne|website=THE MARILYN HORNE MUSEUM|language=en|access-date=2019-05-10}}</ref>