Editing Caransebeș (section)

== History ==
[[File:Banat Josephinische Landaufnahme pg134.jpg|thumb|Caransebeș on a map from the 1769-72 survey of the [[Banat of Temeswar]] ([[Josephinian Land Survey]])]]
The first traces of habitation here might date as far as Dacian times. Dacian ruins have been discovered recently near [[Obreja]], a village 7&nbsp;km away. As the [[Ancient Rome|Romans]] invaded [[Dacia]], they built a [[castrum]] named [[Tibiscum]], which was dug up by archaeologists near the nearby village of Jupa, a castrum which later grew to be a full city. Tibiscum is considered one of the gates of [[Christianity]] in Dacia, having an important role also in the [[Roman culture|Romanization]] of the local people.

During the [[Middle Ages]] the area, which remained continuously inhabited, became part of the [[Kingdom of Hungary (1000–1301)|Hungarian Kingdom]]. In 1350 it was recorded as the seat of the [[Romanian district]] of Sebeș, which later absorbed the district of Caran, forming the district of Caransebeș.<ref>{{Cite book |author=Raularian Rusu|title=Organizarea spațiului geografic în Banat|year=2007|page=138|publisher=Mirton|isbn=978-97-35-20201-9|language=ro|url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Organizarea_spa%C5%A3iului_geografic_%C3%AEn_Ban/yUbT_4Dn46QC?hl=en&gbpv=1&pg=PA138&printsec=frontcover|access-date=31 March 2025}}</ref> In the 16th century it became part of the [[Eastern Hungarian Kingdom]] and its successor the [[Principality of Transylvania (1570–1711)|Principality of Transylvania]], acting as one of the centres of the [[Banate of Lugos and Karánsebes]]. In the 17th century it was ceded to the [[Ottoman Empire]], becoming part of the [[Temeşvar Eyalet]]. In 1718, after [[Ottoman–Habsburg wars|prolonged wars against the Ottomans]], the [[Habsburg Monarchy|Habsburgs]] took the control of the region by the [[Treaty of Passarowitz]]. It formed part of the [[Banat of Temeswar]] crownland until 1751, when it became part of the [[Banat Military Frontier]]. In 1788 a self-inflicted defeat, the [[Battle of Karánsebes|Battle of Caransebeș]], is supposed (the historical accuracy is in doubt) to have taken place here. In 1804 the formally separate Habsburg realms were united into the [[Austrian Empire]]. Following the [[Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867]] the demilitarisation of the Military Frontier began; Caransebeș became the seat of the short-lived [[Szörény County]] of [[Kingdom of Hungary (1867–1918)|Hungary]] in 1873, which was then merged with [[Krassó County]] in 1881 to form [[Krassó-Szörény County]].

After railroads began to appear, the role of Caransebeș grew continuously. In the late 19th century, the Romanian people of the settlement elected to the Parliament of Hungary the Hungarian Lajos Mocsáry, who was a progressive democratic politician fighting for the cultural and administrative rights of all nationalities (including the Romanians) living in the Hungarian Kingdom of that time.

In late October 1918, near the close of [[World War I]], a Romanian National Committee was established in Caransebeș. It formed the core of the largest Banat delegation to [[Alba Iulia]], where the [[Union of Transylvania with Romania]] was proclaimed on December 1. Meanwhile, the entire Banat was occupied by the [[Serbian Army]] following the [[Armistice of Belgrade]]. The Serbs withdrew from the Caransebeș area in January 1919, and were replaced by the French Army. Romania began administering the Banat in late July, with troops moving in during the following weeks. In August 1919, during the [[Paris Peace Conference (1919–1920)|Paris Peace Conference]], the Banat was divided between the [[Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes]] and [[Greater Romania]], with Caransebeș assigned to the latter.<ref name="ist">{{in lang|ro}} [http://www.primaria-caransebes.ro/portal/CarasSeverin/Caransebes/portal.nsf/AllByUNID/000015BA?OpenDocument History] at the Caransebeș City Hall site</ref>

After the rise of the [[Communist Romania|communist regime]] in 1947, [[Caransebeș Airport|an airport]] and an airbase were built close to the city. However, the airport did not remain operational for long after the [[Romanian Revolution|1989 Revolution]].