Editing Canna (plant) (section)

==Taxonomy==
===History===
[[Image:Canna Alberich 20030824 014.jpg|thumb|right|''Canna'' (Crozy Group) 'Alberich', Pfitzer 1949]]

The name ''Canna'' originates from the [[Latin]] word for a cane or reed.<ref>"canna, n.1." OED Online. Oxford University Press, June 2014. Web. 16 August 2014.</ref>

''[[Canna indica]]'', commonly called ''achira'' in Latin America, has been cultivated by Native Americans in tropical America for thousands of years, and was one of the earliest domesticated plants in the Americas. The starchy root is edible.<ref>FAO, "''[http://ecocrop.fao.org/ecocrop/srv/en/cropView?id=2228 Canna edulis] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161005090156/http://ecocrop.fao.org/ecocrop/srv/en/cropView?id=2228 |date=2016-10-05 }}''", accessed 23 Feb 2016.</ref>

The first species of ''Canna'' introduced to Europe was ''C. indica'', which was imported from the [[East Indies]], though the species originated from the [[Americas]]. [[Charles de l'Ecluse]], who first described and sketched ''C. indica'', indicated this origin, and stated that it was given the name ''indica'', not because the plant is from India, in Asia, but because this species was originally transported from America: ''Quia ex America primum delata sit''; and at that time, one described the tropical areas of that part of the globe as the [[Caribbean|West Indies]].<ref>de l'Ecluse, Charles (1576) Histoire des plantes rare observées en Espagne</ref>

Much later, in 1658, [[Willem Piso]] made reference<ref>Willem Piso (1658), Histoire naturelle du Brésil</ref> to another species that he documented under the vulgar or common name of 'Albara' and 'Pacivira', which resided, he said, in the "shaded and damp places, between the tropics"; this species is ''C. angustifolia'' L. (later reclassified as ''[[Canna glauca|C. glauca]]'' L. by taxonomists).<ref name=Tanaka/>

=== Phylogeny ===
{{cladogram
| title= {{anchor|CladVI}}Cladogram: [[Phylogeny]] of Zingiberales{{sfn|Sass et al|2016}}
| align=left
| cladogram={{clade|style=font-size:100%;line-height:85%
|label1=[[Zingiberales]]
|1={{clade
 |1={{clade
  |1={{clade
   |label1=[[Zingiberineae]]
   |1={{clade
      |label1=Zingiberariae
      |1={{clade
         |1=[[Zingiberaceae]]
         |2=[[Costaceae]]}}
      |label2=Cannariae
      |2={{clade
         |1=Cannaceae
         |2=[[Marantaceae]]}}}}
   |2={{clade
    |label1=Strelitziineae 
    |1={{clade
       |1= [[Lowiaceae]]
       |2= [[Strelitziaceae]]}}
    |2=[[Heliconiaceae]]}}
}}}}
|2={{clade
|1=[[Musaceae]]}}}}}}}}
{{clear}}
[[File:Cana Lily (not-a-real-lily) -- Canna.jpg|thumb|Texas Gulf Coast, Red & Yellow]]
[[File:Canna Lily.jpg|thumb|Orange canna lily]]
[[File:Red canna lily.jpg|thumb|Red canna lily]]
===Species===
{{Main|List of Canna species||l1=List of ''Canna'' species}}

Although most cannas grown these days are [[cultivars]] (see below), about 20 known species are of the wild form,{{clarify|reason=this is twice the number stated in the lead|date=March 2020}} and in the last three decades of the 20th century, ''Canna'' species have been categorized by two different [[taxonomists]], [[Paulus Johannes Maria Maas|Paul Maas]], from the [[Netherlands]]<ref name=Maas>[[Paulus Johannes Maria Maas|Paul Maas]] 1985. 195. Cannaceae. & Maas, P. J. M. and H. Maas. 1988. 223. Cannaceae.</ref> and [[Nobuyuki Tanaka]] from Japan.<ref name=Tanaka>[[Nobuyuki Tanaka|Tanaka, N.]] 2001. Taxonomic revision of the family Cannaceae in the New World and Asia. Makinoa ser. 2, 1:34–43.</ref> Both reduced the number of species from the 50–100 accepted previously, assigning most as [[List of Canna species|synonyms]].

This reduction in species is also confirmed by work done by Kress and Prince at the [[Smithsonian Institution]], but this only covers a subset of the species range.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.botany2001.org/section12/abstracts/111.shtml |title=Species boundaries in Canna (Cannaceae): evidence from nuclear ITS DNA sequence data |access-date=2006-09-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070312065416/http://www.botany2001.org/section12/abstracts/111.shtml |archive-date=2007-03-12 |url-status=dead }}</ref>