Editing Caesarean section (section)

===Medical uses===
Complications of labor and factors increasing the risk associated with vaginal delivery include:
* Abnormal presentation ([[Breech birth|breech]] or [[:wikt:transverse|transverse positions]])
* Prolonged [[Childbirth|labor]] or a failure to progress ([[obstructed labour]], also known as dystocia)
* [[Fetal distress]]
* [[Cord prolapse]]
* [[Uterine rupture]] or an elevated risk thereof
* Uncontrolled [[hypertension]], [[pre-eclampsia]],<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Turner R |title=Caesarean Section Rates, Reasons for Operations Vary Between Countries |journal=[[Family Planning Perspectives]]|volume=22 |issue=6|pages=281–2 |year=1990 |doi=10.2307/2135690 |jstor=2135690 }}</ref> or [[eclampsia]] in the mother
* [[Tachycardia]] in the mother or baby after amniotic rupture (the waters breaking)
* [[Placenta]] problems ([[placenta praevia]], [[placental abruption]] or [[placenta accreta]])
* Failed [[labor induction]]
* Failed instrumental delivery (by [[Forceps in childbirth|forceps]] or [[ventouse]] (Sometimes, a trial of forceps/ventouse delivery is attempted, and if unsuccessful, the baby will need to be delivered by caesarean section.)
* Large baby weighing > 4,000 grams ([[macrosomia]])
* Umbilical cord abnormalities ([[vasa previa]], multilobate including bilobate and succenturiate-lobed placentas, [[velamentous insertion]])

Other complications of pregnancy, pre-existing conditions, and concomitant diseases, include:
* Previous (high risk) fetus
* [[HIV]] infection of the mother with a high [[viral load]] (HIV with a low maternal viral load is not necessarily an indication for caesarean section)
* An outbreak of [[genital herpes]] in the third trimester<ref>{{cite web |title=Management of Genital Herpes in Pregnancy |url=https://www.acog.org/clinical/clinical-guidance/practice-bulletin/articles/2020/05/management-of-genital-herpes-in-pregnancy |archive-url=https://archive.today/20210116112656/https://www.acog.org/clinical/clinical-guidance/practice-bulletin/articles/2020/05/management-of-genital-herpes-in-pregnancy |url-status=dead |archive-date=16 January 2021 |website=ACOG |access-date=3 May 2020 |date=May 2020 }}</ref> (which can cause infection in the baby if born vaginally)
* Previous classical (longitudinal) caesarean section
* Previous uterine rupture
* Prior problems with the healing of the [[perineum]] (from previous childbirth or [[Crohn's disease]])
* [[Bicornuate uterus]]
* Rare cases of [[posthumous birth]] after the death of the mother

Other
* Decreasing experience of accoucheurs with the management of breech presentation. Although obstetricians and midwives are extensively trained in proper procedures for breech presentation deliveries using simulation mannequins, there is decreasing experience with actual vaginal breech delivery, which may increase the risk.<ref name=Savage07>{{cite journal | vauthors = Savage W | title = The rising caesarean section rate: a loss of obstetric skill? | journal = Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology | volume = 27 | issue = 4 | pages = 339–346 | date = May 2007 | pmid = 17654182 | doi = 10.1080/01443610701337916 | s2cid = 27545840 }}</ref>