Editing Buda (section)

== Demographics ==
[[File:Flag of Buda (pre-1873).svg|left|thumb|Flag of Buda before 1873.<ref name="symbols">{{cite book|editor-first=András|editor-last=Nyerges|title=Pest-Buda, Budapest szimbólumai|trans-title=Budapest arms & colours: throughout the centuries|year=1998|publisher=Budapest Főváros Levéltára|location=Budapest|page=2}}</ref>]]
[[File:Buda város címere 1703.JPG|right|thumb|150px|Historical coat of arms of Buda, used between 1703 and 1873.<ref name="symbols" />]]

The Buda [[Fortification|fortress]] and [[palace]] were built by King [[Béla IV of Hungary]] in 1247, and were the nucleus around which the town of Buda was built, which soon gained great importance, and became in 1361 the capital of Hungary.<ref>{{EB1911|wstitle= Budapest |volume= 04 |last= Briliant |first= Oscar | pages = 734–737; see page 737, first two lines |quote=This fortress and palace were built by King Bela IV. in 1247, and were the nucleus round which the town of Buda was built, which soon gained significant importance, and became in 1361 the capital of Hungary}}</ref>

While [[Pest, Hungary|Pest]] was mostly [[Hungarians|Hungarian]] in the 15th century, Buda had a [[Germanic peoples|German]] majority;<ref name=Pallas>{{cite web|url=http://www.mek.iif.hu/porta/szint/egyeb/lexikon/pallas/html/016/pc001672.html#9|title=Budapest|work=A Pallas Nagy Lexikona|language=hu|access-date=2009-11-03}}</ref> however according to the Hungarian Royal Treasury, it had a Hungarian majority with a sizeable German minority in 1495.<ref>Károly Kocsis (DSc, University of Miskolc) – Zsolt Bottlik (PhD, Budapest University) – Patrik Tátrai: Etnikai térfolyamatok a Kárpát-medence határon túli régióiban, Magyar Tudományos Akadémia (Hungarian Academy of Sciences) – Földrajtudományi Kutatóintézet (Academy of Geographical Studies); Budapest; 2006.; {{ISBN|963-9545-10-4}}, CD Atlas</ref> In 1432, [[Bertrandon de la Broquière]] wrote that Buda "is governed by Germans, as well in respect to police as commerce, and what regards the different professions". He noted a significant [[History of the Jews in Hungary|Jewish]] population in the city, proficient in French, many of whom were descendants of Jews previously expelled from France.<ref>{{Cite book |last=de la Brocquière |first=Bertrandon |title=A mission to the medieval Middle East: the travels of Bertrandon de la Brocquière to Jerusalem and Constantinople |last2=Rossabi |first2=Morris |date= |publisher=I.B. Tauris |year=2019 |isbn=978-1-83860-794-4 |edition= |location=London New York Oxford New Delhi Sydney |pages=309-310 |translator-last=Johnes |translator-first=Thomas}}</ref>

Buda became part of [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]]-ruled central Hungary from 1541 to 1686. It was the capital of the province of [[Budin Eyalet|Budin]] during the Ottoman era. By the middle of the seventeenth century Buda had become majority [[Muslims|Muslim]], largely resulting from an influx of [[Balkans|Balkan]] Muslims.<ref>{{cite book |last=Faroqhi|first=Suraiya |editor-last=İnalcık |editor-first=Halil |editor2=Donald Quataert |title=An Economic and Social History of the Ottoman Empire, 1300–1914 |volume=2 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |date=1994 |pages=440 |chapter=Crisis and Change, 1590–1699 |isbn=0-521-57456-0}}</ref>

In 1686, two years after the unsuccessful siege of Buda, a renewed European campaign was started to enter Buda, which was formerly the capital of medieval Hungary. This time, the [[Holy League (1684)|Holy League]]'s army was twice as large, containing over 74,000 men, including [[Germans|German]], [[Dutch people|Dutch]], [[Hungarians|Hungarian]], [[English people|English]], [[Spanish people|Spanish]], [[Czechs|Czech]], [[French people|French]], [[Croats|Croat]], [[Burgundy|Burgundian]], [[Danish people|Danish]] and [[Swedish people|Swedish]] soldiers, along with other [[Europeans]] as volunteers, artillerymen, and officers, the Christian forces reconquered Buda (see [[Battle of Buda (1686)|Siege of Buda]]).

After the reconquest of Buda, bourgeoisie from different parts of southern Germany moved into the almost deserted city. Germans — also clinging to their language — partly crowded out, partly assimilated the Hungarians and Serbians they had found here.<ref name=Pallas/> As the rural population moved into Buda, in the 19th century Hungarians slowly became the majority there.