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===1956 Hungarian Revolution and Soviet invasion=== The period between 1953 and 1968 was saturated with dissidence and reformation within the Soviet satellite states. 1953 saw the death of Soviet Leader [[Joseph Stalin]], followed closely by [[Nikita Khrushchev]]'s 1956 "[[On the Cult of Personality and Its Consequences|Secret Speech]]" denouncing Stalin. This denouncement of the former leader led to a period of the Soviet Era known commonly as "De-Stalinization." Under the blanket reforms of this process, [[Imre Nagy]] came to power in [[Hungarian People's Republic|Hungary]] as the new prime minister, taking over for [[Mátyás Rákosi]]. Almost immediately Nagy set out on a path of reform. Police power was reduced, [[Collective farming|collectivized farms]] were split up and being returned to individual peasants, industry and food production shifted and religious tolerance was becoming more prominent. These reforms shocked the [[Hungarian Communist Party]]. Nagy was quickly overthrown by Rákosi in 1955, and stripped of his positions. Shortly after this coup, Khrushchev signed the [[Belgrade declaration|Belgrade Declaration]] which stated "separate paths to socialism were permissible within the Soviet Bloc."<ref name="Ouimet 2003 10–11">{{Cite book|title=The Rise and Fall of the Brezhnev Doctrine in Soviet Foreign Policy|url=https://archive.org/details/risefallbrezhnev00ouim|url-access=limited|last=Ouimet|first=Matthew J.|publisher=The University of North Carolina Press|year=2003|isbn=0-8078-2740-1|location=Chapel Hill and London|pages=[https://archive.org/details/risefallbrezhnev00ouim/page/n24 10]–11}}</ref> With hopes for serious reform just having been extinguished in Hungary, this declaration was not received well by the Hungarians.<ref name="Ouimet 2003 10–11"/> Tensions quickly mounted in Hungary with demonstrations and calls for not only the withdrawal of Soviet troops, but for a Hungarian withdrawal from the [[Warsaw Pact]] as well. By October 23 Soviet forces landed in Budapest. A chaotic and bloody suppression of revolutionary forces lasted from October 24 until November 7, ending with thousands of Hungarians murdered and many more fleeing the country.<ref>Matthew Ouimet, (2003) ''The Rise and Fall of the Brezhnev Doctrine in Soviet Foreign Policy''. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. pp. 9-16 {{ISBN|0-8078-2740-1}}</ref> Although order was restored, tensions remained on both sides of the conflict. Hungarians resented the end of the reformation, and the Soviets wanted to avoid a similar crisis from occurring again anywhere in the Soviet Bloc.
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